Shove Ha'Penny tungsten dart rule is a very simple game that may be played with any number of players. Games go very quickly and may be finished in as little as nine darts.

The Object: The object of the game is to be the first to close all the numbers 1 through 9.

The Scoring: Each player throws one tungsten dart at bulls-eye, closest to the bulls-eye goes first.

Player’s names are written in throwing order across the top of the scoreboard. The numbers 1 through 9 are written vertically down the board. Vertical lines may be drawn to divide the board into columns for each player.

The Play: Players try to "close" each number from 1 through 9. To close a number you must hit 3 of each number in any combination. The thin outer ring counts as two and is called a double. The thin inner ring counts as three and is called a triple.

Scoring is represented in the following manner: a score of one is shown with a slash ("/"), a score of two is shown with an X and a score of three is shown with a circle ("O") to represent the number as closed.

Numbers may be closed in any order and any of the target numbers may be scored at any time. For example a player may choose to throw one tungsten dart at 1, one tungsten dart at 2 and one tungsten dart at 7 instead of trying for three at one number.

The one unique catch to this game is that if you throw more that three of a number, any extra tungsten darts that you throw must be given to your opponent. For example, with your first tungsten dart you hit a single 1, your second tungsten dart is a single 1 and your third tungsten dart is a triple 1. You have now scored a total of five 1's. You take three of them to close but the other two must be given to your opponent.

In a multi-player game (more than two) there are three variations on who to give the points to. The first is to give the points to the next player in throwing order. The second is to give the points to whichever player needs those particular points the most. The third is to allow the shooter of the extra points to choose which player will receive them. The method of distributing the extra points should be agreed upon at the beginning of the game and will be the method used throughout the entire game.

The only time extra points do not go to another player is when the extra points mean the player will win the game by getting those points. The winner of the game must throw the winning tungsten dart him/herself. A game could be won by having all the points but one given to a player and that player just hitting the one point to win the game.

Strategy: If you have a choice who to give the points to, be very careful who you choose to give the points to. If someone is really having trouble with a number, it might be better to give the points to someone else and let the player having trouble continue to have trouble.

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2% thoriated tungsten electrode contains 97.30% of tungsten (minimum) and 1.70 - 2.20% of thorium. Nowadays it is the commonly used electrode, which is preferred for its longevity and ease of operation. Thorium can increase the electron emission quality of the electrode, improve arcing property and allow for higher current carrying capacity. The kind of electrode can work far below its melting temperature, which results in considerably lower rate of consumption and eliminates arc wandering for greater stability. It also has lower level of weld contamination than other electrodes.

Unlike pure tungsten, thoriated tungsten electrode is only for AC welding, but it is exceptional for DC electrode negative or straight polarity on carbon and stainless steel, nickel and titanium applications. During manufacturing, thorium is evenly dispersed throughout the electrode. This evenness allows the electrode to maintain a sharpened edge—the ideal electrode shape for welding thin steel. Sharpening the electrode’s point, however, should be done with great care. Thorium is radioactive; therefore, you must always follow manufacture’s warnings, instructions and the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) for its use.

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A good tungsten dart throw begins with a good stance. It is best to align the body so that the throwing arm is forward. A right handed tungsten dart thrower will want his or her right foot next to the toe line. The body should be aligned from 45 to 90 degrees from the toe line, with the opposite foot back. If the opposite foot is forward the thrower will have to sling the tungsten dart across the body. This makes for a longer throw. Also throws become awkward when the body is parallel to the oche.

Next it is important to develop a consistent grip. Probably the easiest grip for most beginners will be the pencil grip as this is familiar. However, the tungsten dart may be gripped in a variety of ways. The key is to use the thumb to push the tungsten dart against two or more fingers. Keep the point stabilized and pointed slightly upward. The tungsten dart, no matter how hard it is thrown (because of gravity) is going to travel in an arc.

Take advantage of this arc. Throw the tungsten dart so that its trajectory is along an arcing path. The amount of arc will depend upon the speed of the throw. The angle of arc will accelerate as the tungsten dart begins to drop, so a certain amount of impetus must be given in order to make accurate throws. To maintain the highest accuracy, the thrower should not make extreme variations in flight speed or grip. Continuous practice with a particular style and speed will allow the thrower to gauge where the throw will strike the board based on the angle of the throw to the oche and the angle of release.

Tungsten dart throwing is done with the arm. Do not move the body or shoulder during the throw. The elbow is fixed when pulling the dart back, but raised slightly when the tungsten dart is flung forward. This allows the hand to better follow the trajectory of the tungsten dart. Many experts use a wrist snap that makes the entire movement of the arm rather like the crack of a whip. This imparts speed to the tungsten dart. However, it is an advanced movement and may degrade accuracy for the beginner.

Some beginners do not pull back the tungsten dart when throwing. This is a mistake as it makes it difficult to get enough acceleration from the tungsten dart to reach the board with accuracy. Also it is important to follow through. One way to do this is end the throw by leaving the throwing arm extended with the hand pointing at the target. Try to avoid the tungsten dart wobbling in flight. This is usually caused by the tungsten dart being thrown at too much of an angle to the path of flight. The tungsten dart flights attempt to correct, and this causes the wobbling motion.

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Soccer tungsten dart rule is a game for two players or teams only. It is a very difficult game but is great practice because only bulls-eyes and doubles count.

The Object: To be the first player to score ten "goals".

The Scoring: No scoring is needed if you can simply remember each player’s points from one to ten.

The Play: One player from each team throws one tungsten dart at bulls-eye, closest to the bulls-eye goes first.

In order to score a "goal", the players first must "take possession of the ball". To take possession, you must hit a bulls-eye (either a single or a double, it does not matter). Once you have possession, you keep the ball until the other player/team takes possession by hitting a bulls-eye.

Only the player/team that has possession of the ball may score goals. To score a goal you must hit any double on the board. The doubles are the thin outer ring and the inner-bulls-eye. Any double you hit anywhere on the board counts as one goal and scores one point for you or your team.

Strategy: There isn't any.

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Tungsten compound shielding is made of tungsten powder and polymer, tungsten compound enjoys many excellent properties or special characteristics such as high density (≥11.34 g/cm3), perfect radiation shielding performance, good flexibility, excellent workability and perfect environmental suitability.

Tungsten Compound Shielding System Properties:

• Provides approx. 75% Attenuation as compared to solid lead
• Attenuation of 175% compared to a high density lead blanket
• Priced competitively to lead for many applications
• Available as a blanket, ribbon wrap or molded shapes; flexible or rigid
• Cut materials to fit without needing to seal edges - no residue
• Included fasteners, grommets, locking devices, etc., as required
• Improved fit-up --- molded applications typically will yield much higher reduction factors - less weight with same impact
• Tested to 550°F/288°C

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Typical shielding densities approaching twice that of high density lead blankets with similar thickness. The new shielding material is tungsten polymer with highly flexible and can be molded/formed into any shape. Tungsten polymer (also known as tungsten poly) is a composition of various resins and tungsten powder which are mixed together through special metallurgical technology. The resins may include ABS (acryloynitrile butadiene styrene), PP (polypropylene), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PA (polyamide), PU (polyurethane), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), etc. This material often be considered as lead alternatives.

Pressurized heater tungsten polymer shielding application example:
Maximized the Shielding Impact, particularly in tight spaces
Offering ease of installing and securing
Integral securing straps included (lockable systems available).
Greatly increased shielding effectiveness by custom profiling the shield relative to the "hot spot" or radiation source.

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In terms of structure and shape, the common types of tungsten carbide nozzles are straight-bore, conical (solid and hollow), fan-shaped, venture, porous, etc. According to different applications, take tungsten carbide hydraulic sand-blasting nozzle for instance. It can be specifically divided by the shape of tube into conical, straight-tapered (a conical contraction section and cylindrical acceleration section), streamline, equal-transmission and so on.

Through contrast experiments, they will be arrange in equal-transmission ＞ streamline ＞straight-tapered ＞ conical. The straight-tapered is the most widely used, its main parameters are convergent angle α, the diameter of entry d, acceleration section length l, nozzle length L and aspect ratio l / d.

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The most popular material used in nozzle is steel, pottery, tungsten carbide, diamond, artificial gem and so on. Among of them, tungsten carbide is the most widely used currently due to its good hardness and toughness. In terms of microstructure, it is closely related with its anti-corrosion. Some experimental statistic shows that domestic WC tungsten carbide grains is easily peeled off under the impact of the jet flow because of its clear boundary and the poor anchoring strength of grains.

However, abroad WC tungsten carbide exists in crystallization so that the anti-corrosion of nozzle is better than domestic WC tungsten carbide nozzle. From mechanics of view, different materials (metal, tungsten carbide and pottery) have different abrasive mechanism. Metal has better toughness than fragile pottery and their erosion rate is distinct, such as YT15 tungsten carbide is a order of magnitude higher than the pottery in erosion rate, which reveals that hardness of material is more important than fracture toughness in anti-erosion.

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In addition, the particles move at a high speed in tube, which makes intense friction with inner wall and produces a quantity of heat. Although the cooling water takes off a part of heat, it brings about part difference in temperature and stress field, which leads to thermal peeling. What’s more, micro-structure of the inner wall will be spread into water by the rest of heat, and chemical composition has been changed. Therefore, the performance of nozzle is reduced and the abrasion is severer, which called spreading wear.

















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