It is reported that domestic institutions , corporate research into the field of sapphire substrate is divided into two blocks : one purchases abroad crystal growth furnace , in order from abroad crystal growth furnace get Sapphire Dan Changjing mystery . But surveys show that the use of foreign crystal growth furnace there are " low quality ", " yield is not high," and other issues , so often, and foreign suppliers of crystal growth furnace dispute . In addition, foreign not be advanced , large-size furnaces sold to Chinese enterprises, it is difficult to be eliminated from the old furnace to master truly excellent crystal growth furnace technology ; Second, through its own research and development of crystal growth furnace power . Rely on their own to overcome large-size sapphire Dan Changjing furnace research, risk , although larger, but " Relying on Ourselves " , usually only rely on their own in order to truly master the key technology . However, entrepreneurs should also be aware that their own research and development is no easy task , which requires abundant capital, research and development team together , continuous research firm determination perseverance and leadership .

Domestic institutions , companies should market demand , Sapphire Dan Changjing effort into research techniques , and finally in a short time has achieved some success : Size is small, lightweight ( 50 , 60kg ) Sapphire furnace Dan Changjing basic technical problems to be resolved . However, " there are unexpected storms ," when well- developed small size Sapphire Dan Changjing furnace can produce a large number of 2-inch wafers , a few developed countries abroad advanced technology can already produce a 4-inch wafers , MOCVD also gradually transition to using a 4 -inch wafer -based, so that the 2 -inch wafer prices never a shortage of $ 30 USD plunged 7,8 , then reproduction 2-inch wafers have been unprofitable. Spent a lot of manpower, material and financial resources , and finally overcome technical difficulties , yet the market has suffered " amulet ", which is undoubtedly a heavy blow , so many businesses slow down or even abandoned the sapphire substrate studies .

However, this does not mean that investment in technological research Sapphire Dan Changjing wrong ideas . Market shows that the sapphire substrate used has gradually transition from 2 to 4 -inch wafer -inch wafer . Drawn from the point of view of the same wafer , four 2 -inch wafer equivalent to a 4 -inch wafers, but the 2 -inch wafer can only sell 7-8 blocks dollars, while the 4 -inch wafers but can be sold at 60 , $ 70 . So, if put into research , small size, lightweight Sapphire Dan Changjing furnace, main outputs of 2 -inch wafer , then definitely no benefit at all, even at a loss ; if " drastic " continue to study the large-size , heavyweight sapphire crystal growth furnace , it is possible to obtain high efficiency as well as cost recovery . So some companies renewed hope , move on.


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GLII statistics show that only 2011 new LED sapphire substrate Dan Changjing furnace and the number of projects reached 26 , as of the end of the third quarter of 2012 the number of new projects the amount of 14 . Currently under construction Sapphire Dan Changjing project about two inches capacity sapphire substrate 100 million years , and the current actual market demand is just over 1000 million. Some of the epitaxial enterprises in the use of imported products , so the domestic severe overcapacity sapphire substrate .

Now sapphire substrate serious excess capacity , prices are low , many companies have slowed down the progress of investment expansion , direct impact on the sales of crystal growth furnace . " When asked about last year's sales , the crystal growth furnace company official said .

Customer sign a long single more, supply and demand situation has improved . The next three months sales and prices are on the rise . Insiders said that the downturn in the sapphire substrate prices are now so many companies lose money , are hoping this year epitaxial wafer fab capacity utilization can be improved, driven by a sapphire substrate sales and prices rise. But this year a good start can be maintained long , is a known issue.


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Side is the GT, ARC and other foreign manufacturers of extrusion, the other side is the sapphire substrate excess capacity, demand, prices have been falling , domestic long crystal furnace plant home is now caught in the middle for survival , and development . According to Engineering LED Industry Institute (GLII) recently released report, 2012 China mainland chip output of about 7.2 billion yuan , the average price fell about 32% , a decline of some products is as high as 50% .

GLII data show that in 2012 China mainland holdings from 2011 's 803 units to 917 units, but the capacity utilization rate is only about 30%, the boot was only about 50%. Low capacity utilization led directly upstream sapphire substrate and Sapphire Dan Changjing furnace corporate sales slump last year , the price all the way down . Currently , two -inch sapphire substrate market price has reached a cost of $ 7-8 near the line , more manufacturers in Taiwan and South Korea call for $ 6 of the "cheap ."


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Sapphire Dan Changjing furnace crystal growth method used:

Czochralski crystal pulling method is also known Czochralski method
Kjeldahl crystal growth method is also known Kyropoulos
Temperature gradient technique (TGT France)
Guided mode method
Heat exchange method
Vertical and horizontal temperature gradient cooling method
Korea STC Technology
ES2-GSA crystal growth method
U.S. Rubicon Technology Inc. Technique

Since tungsten and molybdenum has a high temperature, low pollution and other characteristics, are widely used to make Sapphire Dan Changjing furnace hot zone components, including tungsten crucible / molybdenum crucible, heating element, tungsten tube, heat shield, support, base, seed rod , the crucible cover. Heating element cage structure using tungsten or tungsten mesh heating element heating element, help provide uniform and stable temperature field.


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Sapphire is an alumina single crystal, the optical penetration of a wide band, from the near ultraviolet (190nm) to the infrared have good light transmission. Sapphire crystal have excellent optical properties, mechanical properties and chemical stability, high strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, high temperature 2000 ℃ in proximity to work under harsh conditions, they have been widely used in military infrared devices, satellite space technology, high intensity laser window material. Its unique lattice structure, excellent mechanical properties, good thermal properties make sapphire crystal as the practical application of semiconductor GaN / alumina light-emitting diode (LED), LSI SOI and SOS and nanostructured superconducting films most ideal The substrate material. With the recent LED TV, LED Monitor, LED NB, LED Phone and LED lighting market continues rapid growth, a strong impetus for the production of LED sapphire substrate market demand expansion.

Sapphire Dan Changjing furnace advantages:

Sapphire substrate production technology is mature, good quality devices
Sapphire good stability, can be used in high-temperature growth process
Sapphire has high mechanical strength, ease of handling and cleaning.


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Tungsten jewelry has never worn, never fade, never deformation characteristics, with diamond-like luster, the price is much lower than diamond, great appreciation potential. Tungsten jewelry is now the most popular jewelry in Europe and America, young people's favorite, the traditional gold and silver jewelry is very difficult to attract young people to pursue personalized fashion. Noble, elegant, cost-effective by the majority of consumers.

Tungsten gold jewelry because of its special properties as gifts of choice.

Send yourself: the journey of life, there will be many difficulties and setbacks, you use a strong heart to face, and it can serve as your spiritual totem.

Send students: students is the edge, Love goes, graduation around the corner, it can witness your classmate friendship, wonderful years ever cast them.

Send to friends: Life's confidant, business partners, friends, friendship between the light indelible, it can be interpreted precious friendship between you.

Send love: love is beautiful, worthy of a permanent memorial. Tungsten gold ring was never worn, never fade, your love is true.

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The first photovoltaic solar panels have been installed in thefirst phase of the QR 20bn Msheireb Downtown Doha project by Innovations Unlimited ME.

The installation of the solar panels reflects Msheireb Properties’ ongoing commitment to sustainable development in line with Qatar’s National Vision for 2030.

The roof-mounted photovoltaic modules will supply a portion of the electricity needs of the buildings within Phase 1 of the landmark development.

The buildings within phase 1Aare being installed with 2,072 photovoltaic panels and 37 inverters, feeding a total of 463.4 kWp (kilowatts at peak power) of electricity and will feed directly into the electrical grid of the development, thus significantly reducing the buildings’ carbon emissions.

Photovoltaic solar panels use sunlight to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect -the creation of an electric current within certain materials when those materials are exposed to light. Solar panels are designed to capture this electricity so it can be harnessed.

Eng. Abdulla Hassan Al–Mehshadi, Chief Executive Officer at Msheireb Properties said “Adopting advanced clean technology such as solar energy in addition to traditional methods of climate management is a hallmark of the Msheireb project which will have one of the largest concentrations of LEED-certified buildings in the world on completion. Our partnership with Innovations Unlimited ME to install advanced solar power within Phase 1 of the development will help us move steadily towards achieving this goal.”

When MDD is complete, the project will comprise 5,200 solar panels across a total of 8,400 square meters of onsite energy production in the form of both electricity and hot water.

Each year, the solar PV system will reduce total greenhouse gas emissions by 568 metric tonnes which is equivalent to 241,000 liters of gasoline consumed.

Development of MDD, the world’s first sustainable regeneration of a downtown area in a major city is progressing well with infrastructure works now completed. Construction of the National Archive and the Heritage Quarter is on track to be completed this year.

Innovations Unlimited ME was established in 2009 and has its headquarters in Doha, with a branch office in Bahrain. The company provides innovative renewable energy products and services for both small and large scale projects. The company’s portfolio includes photovoltaic solutions, solar thermal water heating, solar cooling, building-integrated photovoltaic, solar street lights and wind energy solutions. (By Al Bawaba)


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Photovoltaic manufacturer JinkoSolar Holding Co. supplied 2.2 MW of solar PV modules to HMC Farms, which will span across 390,000 square feet of ground space and enable HMC to hedge against rising electric utility charges on two cold storage and packaging meters. The solar power plant was developed and is being built by California based Cenergy Power, an integrator of solar power systems.

The solar power array will be built at the facilities of HMC Farms, a grower, shipper and packer of peaches, plums, etc. The giant ground mounted solar system is designed to produce over 3.4 million kWh of energy annually, which will reduce the plant's energy needs by 68 percent and provide an attractive 4-year unlevered return on investment.

JinkoSolar distributes its photovoltaic products to a customer base in the global PV market, including Germany, Italy, Belgium, Spain, the U.S., France, Eastern Europe, China, India, Japan, South Africa and other countries and regions. (By Editors of Electric Light & Power/ POWERGRID International)


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