Kazuki Yoshimura, Energy Control Thin Film Group, the Materials Research Institute for Sustainable Development of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, has developed a switchable mirror that uses a new switching method.

Space-Time Physics - Particles, fields & forces derived from 4 dimensional space-Switchable mirrors can be switched between a transparent state and a mirror state. Their use can yield energy-saving window glass that substantially reduces cooling loads by effectively blocking sunlight. The developed switchable mirror sheet uses new gasochromic switching that is completely different from conventional gasochromic switching methods. It can control the reflection of visible to near-infrared light at a switching speed about 20 times faster than that of conventional electrochromic switchable glass. The present development can solve the issues involved in bringing gasochromic switchable mirrors into practical use. Because the thickness of the thin film that controls light is about 1/10 that of conventional films, substantial reduction in production cost is expected. Details of this technology were exhibited and presented at Nano tech 2013, the 12th International Nanotechnology Exhibition and Conference, held from January 30 to February 1 at Tokyo Big Site in Koto-ku, Tokyo. Air conditioning accounts for about 30% of energy consumption at home and at work. A window is a building component that significantly affects energy consumption. Normal window glass transmits visible light as well as heat and reduces the effectiveness of insulation. Increasing the insulation value of windows is very effective in saving energy, and double-pane glass and low-e (low-emissivity) glass with high insulation values are becoming widely used. Switchable glass can control incoming and outgoing light and heat to increase energy-saving effects by insulating heat and blocking sunlight. Electrically controllable electrochromic glass is a typical type of switchable glass. Recently, in the United States, electrochromic glass with a tungsten oxide thin film as the switchable layer has been commercialized for building applications. However, inexpensive switchable glass is required to promote the widespread use.

Glass Inspection Systems - Industry proven solutions to reduce costs in flat glass manufacturing. All conventional electrochromic glass absorbs light to control light and therefore has a drawback; the temperature of the thin film rises and the film re-radiate heat into the room. If light could be controlled by reflection, then sunlight could be blocked more efficiently. Therefore switchable mirrors that can be switched between the transparent state and the mirror state are awaited. Since 2001, AIST has been conducting research and development of thin-film materials for switchable mirrors. It has installed actual-size window glass in a real building and has demonstrated that the glass can reduce the cooling load by more than 30% compared with conventional transparent double-pane window glass.

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Ganzhou, Jiangxi, the birthplace of China’s tungsten industry, which is known as “the capital of tungsten”.

In 1907, a German cleric found tungsten deposit in Huaxi Shan Mountain of Dayu county. The history of exploiting tungsten in China started in 1914 when people found large deposits of tungsten one after another in Zhongshao, Chongyi, and Daji shan Mountain in Quannan county. In 1931,Mao Zedong who was then the bank president and general manager of “ Chinese Tungsten Ore Enterprise” of Chinese-Soviet Republic, during his term of office, the mining quantity reached near to 8000 ton, creating a wealth worth of 6.2 million yuan, by which he was able to exchange large volume of drug, salt and arms. Tungsten has played an important role in breaking through the beleaguer and economic blockade arranged by KMT.

After the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, nine state-own mines, 16 local mines and over 20 collective mines were established in Ganzhou, Ganzhou became one of the most important producing areas of raw tungsten in China even the whole world. During which time, geologists ascertained that there were 106 tungsten mines with a storage of 1.17million tons, the producing area ranks No.2 in China in terms of reserve volume, but ranks top in term of the reserves of wolframite , the area accounts for 70% of like product in China and 60% in the world.  

2012 County, Jiangxi tungsten industry realized main business income of 6.62 billion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 26.9%, the tungsten industry driving large-scale industrial growth by 7.5 percentage points, the tungsten industry has become the leading force to promote the county's economic development.

County tungsten mines is bigger and stronger tungsten industry further, first unified integration planning and promotion, to achieve the optimal allocation of resources, focus on strengthening of large enterprise groups with Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, the National Center for tungsten seized, city technology innovation center cooperation and scientific research institutes, and strive to improve the value-added products, to extend the industrial chain. Followed the growth of leading enterprises, World Rui focus on new materials, new materials Yuanchi Jiangxi Tungsten tungsten alloy strength leading enterprises have the potential to give support in the capital, water and electricity supply, policy, personnel. Give priority to the supply of raw materials, implement county optimal allocation of resources, and guide resources gathered to leading enterprises, and promote the industry bigger and stronger. At the same time, speed up scientific and technological innovation, the role of fiscal skillfully deflected to support enterprises to expand their reproduction and technology updates, transforming technological achievements, guide enterprises from the rough to the development of deep processing, take the science and technology, saving, environmentally friendly way of development. Currently, there are 10 million tungsten processing enterprises in the county the main business income tax exceeds four million.

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According to the head of Geological Exploration Bureau of Ministry of Land and Resources, our country has made an unexpected achievement since we have launched the strategic action in prospecting, a batch of mineral deposits of world-scale storage have been found and ascertained.

It is reported that the strategic action of prospecting aiming at strengthening the energy security domestically is a national strategy. Two years after the action was enforced, our country has ascertained a super large sandstone-type uranium deposit in E'erduosi Basin(Known as Daying uranium deposit), and large mineral deposit of tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, while large deposits of new energy sources have been found in areas like Gansu, Xinjia.

The news from 2013 Annual Work Conference of Zijin Mining Group: in 2012, the Group invested 450 million Yuan (equivalent to USD 71.68 million), and made significant breakthroughs in geological exploration, which discovered 60.45 tonnes of gold, 408,000 tonnes of copper, 2,046,700 tonnes of lead and zinc, 17,200 tonnes of molybdenum , 161,400 tonnes of tungsten, 126.4 tonnes of silver and 1,185,700 tonnes of iron ore. Meanwhile, the total mining rights obtained are worth of almost 5 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 796.44 million), and the potential value of newly-proven mineral resources reached 100.2 billion Yuan(equivalent to USD 15.96 billion).

Zijin regards mineral resources as the foundation for an enterprise to survive and develop, regards resource control as the major strategy, and insists on exploration together with acquisition. Meanwhile, it implements diverse resources strategies, including mineral prospecting at the depth and adjacent areas, risk exploration, merger and acquisition of domestic and oversea projects, and improvement of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. Currently, over 60% of resources held by Zijin are from self-exploration, and the increase in resources and reserve are much more than its consumption, which firmly lays a solid foundation for company's sustainable development. So far, Zijin still keeps the title of "the enterprise with most maintenance of metal mineral resources in China". The potential value of holding resources exceeds over 1 trillion Yuan(equivalent to about USD 159 billion).

In 2012, Zijin increased its investment in geological exploration. Relevant statistics show that the exploration cost Zijin invested in 2012 accounts for over half of the total investment in the past three years. "the input-output ratio in our exploration is the highest, according to the current situation, the increase in copper resource and reserve in Zijinshan in the next several years are estimated to reach 4-5 million tonnes, which equals to half of the planned increase in copper in next three years in China." told by Zhang Shunjin, President of Zijin geological exploration institute.

Mr Zhang made a calculation and found out: 60.45 tonnes of gold with mining rights and potential value worth1.2 billion Yuan(equivalent to US 191.15 million) and 21.5 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 3.42 billion) respectively; 408,000 tonnes of copper with mining right and potential value worth 1.224 billion Yuan(equivalent to USD 194.97 million) and 24.5 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 3.90 billion)respectively, 2,046,700 tonnes of lead and zinc with mining rights and potential value worth 1.28 billion Yuan(equivalent to USD 203.89 million) and 30.7 billion Yuan(equivalent to USD 4.89 billion) respectively ; 17,200 tonnes of molybdenum with mining right and potential value worth100 million Yuan(equivalent to USD 15.93 million) and 2.8 billion Yuan (equivalent to US 446.01 million)respectively; 161,400 tonnes of tungsten with mining rights and potential value worth 1 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 159.29 million)and 19.4 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 3.09 billion)respectively; 126.4 tonnes of silver with mining rights and potential value worth 25 million Yuan (equivalent to USD 3.98 million)and 600 million Yuan (equivalent to USD 95.57 million)respectively and 1,185,700 tonnes of iron ore with mining rights and potential value worth 25 million Yuan (equivalent to USD 3.98 million)and 700 million Yuan(equivalent to USD 111.50 million) respectively. The total value of mining right above reaches 4.854 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 773.19 million), the total potential value reaches 100.2 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 15.96 billion). "It means that the nearly 500 million Yuan (equivalent to USD 79.64 million)invested by Zijin in geological exploration in 2012 creates mining rights worth almost 5 billion Yuan (equivalent to USD 796.44 million)and potential value of mineral resources exceeding 100 billion Yuan(equivalent to USD 15.93 billion)!!!"

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North American Tungsten Corporation Ltd.announces a net loss of $4.0 million or $0.02 per share for its first quarter ended December 31, 2012 ("Q1 2013") compared to net earnings of $6.6 million or $0.03 per share for the first quarter end of fiscal 2012 ("Q1 2012").

Highlights for Q1 2013:

    Record production of 80,693 mtus at the CanTung Mine since restart of operations in 2010
    Revenue dropped to $11.5 million vs. $26.4 million for Q1 2012 due to lower volume and prices
    Cash flow from operating activities of $0.1 million vs. $6.5 million for Q1 2012
    Net loss of $4.0 million vs. net income of $6.6 million for Q1 2012
    In Q2, tungsten prices are again trending upwards and customer demand is again strong

FINANCIAL REVIEW

The Company's Q1 2013 financial results were negatively affected by the significant drop in APT prices during the latter half of 2012, dropping from a high of USD$450/mtu in December 2011 to a low of USD$295/mtu in December 2012 (An mtu is a metric tonne unit of 1 percent of a metric tonne (22.046 pounds) of contained WO3; tungsten concentrate prices are based on APT quotations).

This significant price drop, most of which occurred in the last calendar quarter of 2012 with major impact in Q1 2013, was driven by worldwide economic uncertainty and a reduction in overall demand.

In addition there was a delay in the renewal of a Supply Agreement with one of our major customers. This is now complete and deliveries re-started as of January 1, 2013. During Q1 2013 the Company also successfully negotiated an additional Supply Agreement with a major North American customer.

OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS

The Company is very pleased with Q1's record production of 80,693 mtus by our "Tungsten Team" at the CanTung Mine. The mill processed 90,625 tonnes of ore during the quarter, with an average feed grade of 1.12% WO3 and average mill recovery of 79.5% compared to Q1 2012 in which 76,628 mtus were produced from 88,460 tonnes of ore milled with an average feed grade of 1.12% and an average mill recovery of 77.4%.

"The increase in both throughput and mill recovery at CanTung were contributing factors in weathering the recent APT pricing downturn," said Stephen Leahy, CEO of NTC. He went on to say, "the APT market prices have risen steadily since the beginning of January and are now in the USD$345 to USD$355 range per mtu which is a very good sign for producing companies such as ourselves," Mr. Leahy further stated, "I wish to thank our "Tungsten Team" for all of their hard work and dedication in achieving this record quarterly production. We look forward to working closely with all our stakeholders, shareholders, vendors, customers and partners to building a better Company for all."

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Famous material scientist, academician Changxu Shi won 2010 National Science and Technology Awards on Feb. 14, 2013. His materials research is widely used for fighter engine in China.

Changxu Shi, male, is born in November, 1920 in Xushui County, Hebei Province, and is graduated from National Northwest Institute of Technology in 1945. He gained metallurgy doctorate in Oute Dan University, America in 1952. He was actively involved in the struggle to fight to return back China during the three-years working at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He returned back China finally in 1955. He wa in office as director for Metal Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, director for Science Technological Division of Chinese Academy of Science, deputy director for National Natural Science Foundation Committee of Technological Sciences, deputy dean for Chinese Academy of Engineering, etc. Now he is special adviser to National Natural Science Foundation Committee, honorary director of the Metal Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1980, Changxu Shi was elected as academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1994, he was elected as academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering.

For many years, Changxu Shi dedicated to materials science research and engineering applications, he is the first one who carries out the research and development of high temperature alloys such as tungsten alloy, molybdenum, titanium, manganese, rare earth materials and new type of alloy steel in China. Tungsten alloy, molybdenum, titanium, manganese, rare earth and other high-temperature alloys are the core material for aero engine. In the sixties of the last century, our fighter engine urgently needs high-performance and high-temperature alloy blades, he led his unit to develop the turbine blade for casting abalone high-temperature alloys, and these superalloy turbine blade casting abalone developed to solve a series of technical problems, so as to make turbine blades of our aero engine into a new level, which is from forging to casting, from solid to hollow, become the second country who developed the key materials technology by itself after the United States. So far, it has been widely used in fighter engine in China. In 1985, he gained the first prize of National Science and Technology Progress. He developed the low segregation alloy technology in metal solidification theory, reduced the alloy solidification segregation through controling trace elements effectively. On this basis, the researchers at the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences was researching and developing all types of aircraft engines and large gas turbine directional, single and high-temperature alloys and complex cavity casting technology under his guidance. According to our resources, he also developed several types of alloy steel to save nickel and chromium, solving the time required for Chinese industry.

Changxu Shi set up Metal Corrosion and Protection Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, led the establishment of website of National Natural Environmental Corrosion Station, providing a large number of basic data for our materials research and engineering applications. He strongly advocated it is both of importance of research between traditional materials and new materials, basic research and applied research, promoting the sustainable development of our material research. He promoted the development of our fatigue and fracture material and discipline development such as amorphous and nanocrystalline. He proposed that China should vigorously develop magnesium alloy, advocate and participate in Chinese high-strength carbon fiber research and development applications.

Changxu Shi made outstanding contributions to the formulation of national science and technology policy and the setting and development of science and technology institutions. He initiated, participated in and presided the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Engineering; presided the development plan of national materials field for many times. He attached great importance to the society and published work, creating Chinese Materials Research Society and Chinese Biological Material Committee. He was the founder and editor of the five high-level publications: Materials Science and Technology (English version), Progress in Natural Science (Chinese &English version), Metal Learned Journal (Chinese &English version).

Changxu Shi enjoy a high reputation in the international field of materials science, repeatedly served as conference chairman or consultant in international material field. He won 7 prizes of National Science and Technology Award, and gained Practical Material Innovation Award issued by International Union of Materials Research in 1998. Due to his achievements in materials field, the U.S. Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS) awarded him the title of Honorary Member.

Changxu Shi trained more than 80 masters and doctoral students. Many of them has already become the academic leaders in materials field.

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Yesterday US Tungsten Corp. dropped over 36%, down to a close of $0.37 per share, obliterating what gains investors made over the last month. Promoters have gone silent, with only a few morning emails sent before the stock tanked.

The pumpers at Penny Pick Finders came forward to announce Monday's drop as a "pullback" and a "lucrative" opportunity for new investors. It turned out this was not the case, as the stock kept sliding, but it doesn't really matter what you tell your subscribers so long as you're getting paid $35 thousand to tout a certain stock it seems.

Every investor who bought USTU shares throughout February is now sitting on a loss ranging roughly from 10% to a whopping 50%. The promotional pumps that targeted the company this month, starting February 9, seem to have had their run. The news release around the market open yesterday concerning the appointment of a new CEO did very little to promote investor confidence.

Despite the horrid performance of the stock over the last two days, promoters Awesome Stocks extended their feelers to USTU as well. In a new pump running on a compensation of $50 thousand that arrived towards the end of yesterday's session, Awesome Stocks tout the investment of $80 million Warren Buffet made in a South Korean tungsten mining venture last year, without pausing to think why Buffet chose to take his money to Korea instead of supporting U.S. production of the metal.

3PMCM_fail.pngAwesome Stocks previously pumped other companies that started trading actively only recently and that crashed horribly when the emails stopped coming. One recent example is Primco Management, Inc. a one-day promotion by Awesome Stocks crashed before it had a chance to run, with the promoters pocketing $60 thousand for their efforts.

Traders are advised to be extra careful with penny stocks, especially with companies that are currently being targeted by paid pumps. Even USTU's run and crash in February should be enough of a red flag that no amount of promotions can be any guarantee for the price performance of a stock.

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The stock promotions for US Tungsten Corp. that started on Feb 9 seem to have finally coughed, spat and come to a halt. Yesterday USTU dropped over 16%, losing 11 cents on unprecedented volume of nearly 1.2 million shared traded.

The company was first promoted on February 9 for a compensation of $35 thousand. Since then other pumpers hopped on the bandwagon, touting USTU and the hot sector the company strives to operate in. The last promotion for the stock ticked in only yesterday, curiously after the trading session when USTU had already dropped. Promoters Penny Stock Prophet again disclosed $35 thousand received to advertise the stock.

USTU has not generated any revenues since inception in 2007 and is an exploration stage enterprise that is looking to stake out and develop its land claims, looking for tungsten deposits. The company also announced securing a loan of $1 million that it intends to use to develop its claims and finance operations. In 2012 USTU also obtained an option to acquire full interest in mineral claims in Montana, in a deal detailing total cash payments of $1 million, in deferred growing installments over each successive year.

To the company's credit, they have filed very comprehensive reports and have updated shareholders with the full details around their various acquisitions and contractual payments required. The recent cancellation of 123 million shares by USTU's President may come as a bit of a surprising move, but USTU will need to issue a fair amount of new shares to cover its loan and the loan comes with warrants for the purchase of 2 additional shares for each of the 1 million dollars.

Despite the positive PR and the secured line of credit, USTU remains an exploration stage company that has not proven that it can generate revenue and cannot as of yet guarantee that its land claims will yield significant tungsten deposits.

HKTU_fail.pngThe promoters at Penny Stock Prophet have a track record of promotions that turned quite sour once the promotions stopped, so this could also serve as a bit of a red light for traders. They touted Hokutou Holdings Int, Inc. only a couple of days ago, after other pumpers have had their way with the company and left it a smoldering ruin after pumping started in early February. Despite the promotion, HKTU closed another 16% down yesterday.

Traders are advised to be careful with promoted penny stocks as they are a hugely volatile market and the enticing future possibilities they offer often end up in disappointment.

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An initiative aiming to relaunch legal mining in eastern Congo after an export suspension of conflict minerals will produce its first refined tin by the end of March 2013.

Under the Conflict Free Tin Initiative (CFTI), over 200 tones of tin ore worth around $1.7 million have already been sold to the Malaysia Smelting Corporation from the Kalimbi Mine in South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The CFTI ensures that each mined ore receives a plastic tag with a bar core that corresponds to a certification document, so that the minerals extracted from it can be exported legally.
The initiative aims to permit legal mineral exports from Congo after the adoption of the United States Dodd Frank law, which almost entirely halted the African country’s mineral trade.

The Dodd Frank Act aimed to ensure that the purchase by international firms of "conflict minerals" coming from the DRC, such as columbo-tantalite, wolframite, cassiterite and gold, did not financially support the conflict. Section 1502 of the law requires "that companies publicly traded in the US disclose the use of conflict minerals from the DRC and adjoining countries in their products and describe the process used to ensure that the purchase of these minerals does not fund illegal armed groups operating in the DRC to the greatest extent possible." It is assumed that illegally extracted minerals are currently helping to finance the leaders of the M23 rebels in the North Kivu province, which has displaced early 250,000 people since April 2012 and determined 57,000 people to seek refuge in neighboring Rwanda and Uganda since the beginning of 2012.

The Enough project, a key supporter of the law, claimed that its implementation resulted in a 65 percent profit reduction for armed groups from tin, tungsten and tantalum in 2011. In turn, a U.N. report, published in December 2011, stressed that the export suspension had a devastating impact on the lives of ordinary people who depended directly or indirectly on mining and was ultimately directing mineral trade into the hands of smugglers, such as Bosco Ntaganda, one of the M23 rebel leaders.
Out of the around 900 mines located in South Kivu, Kalimbi remains currently the only one which has internationally recognized traceability. A multi-stakeholder team, which included representatives of the DRC Government, the United Nations, the German Geological Service (BGR), the local project manager of the ITRI Tin Supply Chain Initiative (iTSCi), representatives of local business and civil society, validated Kalimbi as a conflict-free mine. The Congolese government is seeking to similarly tag other mines in the upcoming months.

As a result of the crackdown brought by the Dodd Frank Act, local prices collapsed by a factor of 6 to less than $1 a kilogram, while the only remaining buyers were Chinese exporters and smugglers. A week after the introduction of the conflict-free certification system at the Kalimbi mine, the price has returned to $3.5 per kilogram and more than 3,300 kg have been tagged. Currently, around 1,294 miners work at Kalimbi and have more than doubled their earnings to $4-$6 per kg from $2/kg. It is expected that the conflict-free tin will easily find buyers, given that global supply is currently limited, as a result of low stocks and a lack of investment.

Eastern Congo has been affected by violence since the 1990s. One of the key reasons for the ungoing conflict is the fact that region is extremely valuable from an economic standpoint, due to its oil reserves, gold, tin, tungsten and coltan-a metal used to make mobile phones, for which both Rwanda and Uganda have fought in the past. Rwanda has twice invaded the DRC in the last two decades, even igniting in 1998 a conflict known as "Africa's Great War," in which several countries were involved. The Rwandan government justified this latter intervention by emphasizing that it had to react to hostile Rwandan Hutu fighters who had fled to Congo after the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Similarly, in the recent past, Uganda and Congo have fought over regulating border oil exploitation and resulted in the signing of the 2007 Ngurdoto Accords.

If legal production and sale of minerals would replace the current illegal and violent extraction process, Congo could enjoy a peaceful transition from its current state of conflict. Still, one potential problem for the conflict-free trade minerals is that there are currently thousands of tons of minerals extracted during the export suspension, which are stockpiled throughout eastern Congo, which could enter clandestinely on the trade market, thus threatening the credibility of the traceabililty project.

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