here are many carbide coating preparation methods, including vapor deposition, thermal spraying,  chemical and heat treatment. Good quality coatings prepared by vapor deposition, has gradually become the dominant carbide coating preparation methods. Vapor deposition technology is divided into chemical vapor deposition and physical vapor deposition.

1. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD).Chemical vapor deposition are atomic deposition class, is a pioneer in the use of gaseous reactants to generate solid coating by way of a chemical reaction between atomic and molecular techniques. Based on this characteristic, CVD process mostly at a relatively high pressure and high deposition temperature environment. Because a higher pressure helps to improve the deposition rate of the coating of a higher deposition temperature can ensure the smooth progress of chemical reactions.

2. Physical vapor deposition (PVD).Physical vapor deposition is the use of a physical process (such as by evaporation or sputtering material when particle bombardment substance atoms on the surface and other phenomena) between the material atoms from the source material to the deposited coating controllable transfer process, the atoms in the molecule depositing a coating on the scale.

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The main reason to produce solid carbide tools grinding cracks parameters for the grinding process and lead to inappropriate contact local instantaneous grinding zone temperature high tensile stress caused by high values of the near-surface layer than the breaking strength of the material cause.

Detection of solid carbidetools grinding cracks and other surface defects can be used after a high sensitivity fluorescent penetrant inspection hydrophilic emulsion method, which is widely used in the field of quality and technical safeguards solid carbide tools.

By improving and optimizing the overall solid carbide tools grinding and grinding parameters can effectively prevent grinding and grinding burn crack generation.
 

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The main factors affecting carbide cutting tools surface state in the grinding process have two main factors: the applied force and the local temperature of carbide cutting tools.

Force effect exerted on the surface of cemented carbide cutting tools may cause unrecoverable plastic deformation, the changes in the structure and phase transition accompanied by increase of unit volume, resulting in the formation of compressive residual stresses, enhance the flexural strength, fatigue strength, impact toughness, hardness, wear resistance and service life, that occurred strengthen the process;

Local temperature will have an effect on the surface of carbide cutting tools in the surface layer deformation, structural changes and uneven thermoplastic phase and accompanied by a reduction unit volume, resulting in the formation of tensile residual stress, reduced bending strength, fatigue strength , toughness, hardness, wear resistance and service life, that occurred weakening process. Therefore, carbide cutting tools surface state are strengthened or weakened, the residual compressive stress-based, or residual tensile stress mainly depends on the surface of the grinding process, the role of the main force is still in its temperature based.
 

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Carbide tools ion implantation is a new surface processing technology of carbide tools. Carbide tools refers ion implantation machine will accelerate to a high-energy ion implantation of high-speed ion beam injected into the surface of a solid material, to obtain high hardness of hardened layer. In recent years, researchers have begun using ion implantation as a means of improving the performance of cemented carbide tools, and found that after the ion implantation of the wear resistance and service life of carbide tools have been improved, and greatly improved durability (50% to 4 times ).

Ion implantation with respect to the coating technology has unique advantages, it allows the chemical composition and microstructure of the material surface layer region is changed, a variety of strengthening effect ion bombardment of the material to produce the internal lattice defects, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the surface while overcoming the combined problems of coating and substrate. Carbide Tools ion implantation with N, C most representative present, researchers have developed dual ion implantation techniques.


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Carbide tools cryogenic treatment is a new carbide tools surface processing technology. Carbide tools cryogenic treatment refers to carbide tools whch is placed in a controlled environment below -130 ℃ incubated performed a process to increase or improve its performance.

Carbide tools cryogenic treatment not only can significantly improve the mechanical properties of materials and stability, and simple operation, low cost, non-polluting, has considerable economic and market outlook. Although cryogenic treatment to improve the wear resistance and tool life on the role has been widely recognized, but not yet in the carbide tools industry to promote the use, mainly due to the mechanism of cryogenic treatment process is still under study. Cryogenic treatment is very broad space for development, has been more and more attention of researchers.


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Ultra-fine grain carbide tools are made from ultra-fine grain carbide alloys, ultra-fine grain carbide alloys are high hardness, high strength and wear resistance of carbide alloys.

Ultra-fine grain carbides are suitable for high-speed steel cutting tools and wear due to vibration caused by insufficient case of wear or too low due to inappropriate use of traditional cutting carbide carbide traditional use. For some coated blade can not play its superiority cases, this material can show its unique effect. Ultra-fine grain carbide tools can not only process  ferrous metals, but also hardened steel, corrosion resistant stainless steel, high-temperature aerospace alloy, wood, glass fiber, etc., and can be made cutting blade and overall hard carbide cutting tools, precision machining efficiently.. Ultra-fine grain carbide tools can worn very sharp, smooth, can be used to manufacture a variety of precision tool and used CNC lathes.


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Carbide tools spark plasma sintering (SPS) is a new sintering technology of carbide tools ,which directly between the particles pass through the heating pulse current sintering. Moment when the discharge plasma in the spark plasma sintering (SPS) of the sintering process, the electrode through the DC pulse current, so that the individual particles sinter evenly inside the body itself produces Joule heat and particle surface activation, the use of internal self-heating of the particles were sintering. This discharge direct heating, high thermal efficiency, the discharge point can be dispersed to achieve uniform heating, and therefore easy to prepare a homogeneous, dense, high-quality sintered body. Due to the fast heating rate, skip the surface diffusion process, effective control of grain size.


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Carbide tools microwave sintering is a new type of carbide tools sintering technology It is significantly different from conventional heating methods. By interaction with the microwave ,microwave sintering sintered material inside atoms, molecules or ions kinetic energy increases, so the sintered material decreases the activation energy, the diffusion coefficient is increased, enabling low temperature rapid sintering, i.e. fines already too late to grow by sintering, is an effective means to create fine-grained materials.

Microwave sintering mechanical properties significantly better than conventional sintering. Microwave sintering has several advantages: significant reduction in the sintering temperature up to 500 ℃; reduce energy consumption; shorter sintering time and increase density, grain refinement. But the microwave sintering process prone to thermal runaway effect, the sintered body is heated unevenly, thus affecting product performance. Another high-power microwaves for industrial production in the manufacturing of great difficulty, microwave sintering can not be used for large-scale production.


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Carbide cutting tools wear patterns mainly include the rake face wear, flank wear and frayed edges, due to the cutting process is more complex, several carbide cutting tools wear patterns may occur at the same time.

Ti6Al4V when cutting, carbide cutting tools flank wear is usually higher than the Deputy Lord flank wear more serious. The reason is that titanium is a difficult material in the cutting process, the carbide cutting tools rake face and chip main flank and machined surface intense friction occurs, resulting in a high contact pressure and temperature, in hard carbide cutting tools before the main flank and borders will have to wear. Meanwhile, the elastic modulus of titanium material is small, the machined surface when cutting big rebound, Vice flank and the workpiece machined surface of the actual contact area have a greater increase, leading to sub rear flank Carbide Tool usually wear than the main flank wear more serious.
 

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