Emergency Situations

The tungsten carbide ring cannot be removed in an emergency situation with traditional ring cutters. It can be removed by emergency personnel by using a tool more similar to a vice grip. In emergency situations when the ring must be removed for the purposes of treatment or stopping further injury from occurring, it must be cracked off the wearer’s finger. This would destroy the ring by breaking the ring into pieces and may cause injury to the wearer. The tungsten carbide ring registers between 8 and 9 on the Mohs hardness scale. Because of these factors, it also cannot be resized in a traditional manner.

 

Skin Reactions

Tungsten carbide rings can cause an allergic reaction on the skin. These rings are made by combining the tungsten with another metal. Most often, the other metal is a nickel or cobalt blend. This hardens the ring and prevents many of the scratches that are common on softer metals. This is important because the cobalt blend can cause allergic reactions when worn for long periods of time. The skin cells and sweat can cause oxidation, and skin and ring discoloration. If you have sensitive skin, you’ll want to make sure that you check the metal blend. Cobalt is a little less expensive, but nickel is entirely hypoallergenic and does not suffer from oxidation.

 

Injury from Accidents

Tungsten carbide rings can be caught in industrial settings. It is rarely advisable to wear jewelry in warehouse, automotive, construction or manufacturing industries; however, tungsten carbide rings are particularly dangerous. Many pieces of jewelry will bend or break when pressure is put on them from machines or other areas. If the pulling occurs or the ring becomes caught, the ring will not break and may cause further injury to the person involved.

 

 

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Re-sizing

Tungsten rings cannot be re-sized because of tungsten's physical properties. According to many jewelry sites, tungsten rings are 10 times harder than 18K gold and four times harder than titanium. Tungsten also has a very high melting temperature of 6170.0 degrees Fahrenheit.

 

Sizing Options

When it comes to tungsten rings, sizing options are limited. However, many jewelry stores offer re-sizing warranties that will cover the ring if one should need it to be sized. In the case of a tungsten ring, the purchaser must ship or return the ring to the store it was purchased and a new ring will be sent to him or her.

 

Benefits

Tungsten is a very hard metal. It will not bend like gold rings do. It is also difficult to scratch due to its physical properties. Due to the fact it is almost impossible to scratch, it holds its polish as well.

 

Considerations

Tungsten rings are more brittle than other metals because they are so hard. While the ring will not bend, this could cause the ring to shatter if it were struck.

 

Tungsten rings are often sold as an alloy with cobalt. Cobalt has properties that, when in contact with oils in skin, could permanently tarnish the ring.

 

Purchasing

When purchasing a tungsten ring, it is important to remember to buy a ring that is cobalt free as well as one that comes with a warranty (or a separate purchasable warranty) that covers resizing.

 

 

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Introduction

Cordless drills are versatile, durable tools that can be found on construction sites, in garages and shops everywhere. One of the things that makes cordless drills so popular is that they can be taken almost anywhere. Just make sure that you have a fully charged battery and spare if you plan on working late. Cordless drills have almost (but not completely) replaced the old corded models.

 

The Power Supply

The most common power pack in a cordless drill--or even most cordless tools for that matter is the nickel cadmium (NiCd) battery. A battery is generally made up of two dissimilar metals (in this case nickel oxide hydroxide and cadmium) in an electrolyte ("battery acid"). In a battery, the chemical reaction between the two metals and the electrolyte cause electrons to flow from one side to the other.

In a cordless drill, the NiCd battery supplies current to a small DC motor which does the work of the drill.

 

The Work Horse

In any electric motor, there will be an armature (also called a rotor), a commutator, brushes, a permanent magnet and an axle. When direct current is applied to a DC motor, it creates an electromagnetic field in the windings of the armature. The difference in magnetic forces between the armature and the permanent magnet cause the armature to turn. As the armature turns, the commutator acts as a switch that reverses the current in the armature (and the brush connects the commutator to the current). This reversal of current keeps the armature turning.

 

The armature turns the axle and in a cordless drill the axle turns a transmission. The transmission has several gears that turn the spindle that does the actual drilling action.

 

 

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A step drill is a graduated drill used to make holes in thick metal sheets. The first step on the drill creates a rather small hole but each subsequent step gradually enlarges it. Step drills can be difficult to sharpen but if the bit can be removed from the drill then there are a few methods that may work.

 

Instructions

1

Grind the first step like you would any other drill bit. Put the drill in a clamp that exposes only the first step. Run the edge along the grinding wheel in short, quick motions until the bit looks sharp enough for your needs.

 

2

Move the clamp lower on the bit so that 20 mm of the second step are exposed.

 

3

Adjust the clearance angle on the grinding machine enough to accommodate the larger step.

 

4

Position the edge of the second step against the right corner of the grinding wheel. Grind the drill while pivoting the bit up and down along an axis. If your drill has more than two steps, repeat until finished.

 

 

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1

Determine if your tool needs sharpening. One easy way to decide if your tool is becoming dull is to see if it reflects light well. Shine is an indication of wear. You can also gently scrape a fingernail on a blade and see if it shaves off a sliver; if it does not, the blade is dull. Touch is not necessarily a good way to determine if a blade is sharp, as a dull carbide tool may still feel sharp.

 

2

Find a professional sharpening service. Sharpening carbide is not recommended for non-professionals, as it requires skill and specific sharpening machinery. Imprecise sharpening can ruin a tool, and a professional can restore a blade to like-new condition.

 

3

If you are interested in learning how to sharpen blades yourself, it is recommended that you locate a teacher.

 

4

Carbide tools require diamond for sharpening, due to their hardness. Wet grinding using an abrasive wheel on an automatic grinder is a very precise method of sharpening. It is also possible to sharpen a tool by using a diamond lap, but this is very imprecise and time-consuming.

 

 

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Carbide is a word that refers to a variety of carbon compounds. While there are several different types of carbide, tungsten carbide is the type most commonly used for cutting or drilling tools; it is very hard, relatively inexpensive, and will retain a sharp edge for a long time. While tungsten carbide is noted for its remarkable durability, a tungsten carbide tool may need occasional sharpening if it is used regularly.

 

Instructions

1

Determine if your tool needs sharpening. One easy way to decide if your tool is becoming dull is to see if it reflects light well. Shine is an indication of wear. You can also gently scrape a fingernail on a blade and see if it shaves off a sliver; if it does not, the blade is dull. Touch is not necessarily a good way to determine if a blade is sharp, as a dull carbide tool may still feel sharp.

 

2

Find a professional sharpening service. Sharpening carbide is not recommended for non-professionals, as it requires skill and specific sharpening machinery. Imprecise sharpening can ruin a tool, and a professional can restore a blade to like-new condition.

 

3

If you are interested in learning how to sharpen blades yourself, it is recommended that you locate a teacher.

 

4

Carbide tools require diamond for sharpening, due to their hardness. Wet grinding using an abrasive wheel on an automatic grinder is a very precise method of sharpening. It is also possible to sharpen a tool by using a diamond lap, but this is very imprecise and time-consuming.

 

 

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Tungsten carbide is a very hard material made from tungsten and carbon. It is commonly used for the tips of tools, especially cutting tools. While this material is very hard, it does become worn over time and may require grinding or sharpening. Carbide tools and tips can be ground with a diamond grinding wheel, but grinding a tool evenly requires skill and practice.

 

Instructions

1

Attach the diamond wheel to your bench grinder. Refer to your manual to ensure that the wheel is properly attached and the grinder itself is appropriately mounted.

 

2

Hold your tungsten carbide tool against the rest beneath the wheel. Touch the tip to the wheel, but do not turn on the grinder yet. Adjust the rest as needed so that you achieve the necessary grinding angle for your particular tool. Many rests will allow you to adjust both the height and the angle of the rest.

 

3

Remove the tool from the rest, then turn on the grinder. Touch the tip of the tool to the moving wheel, just as you did before when determining the angle, and use the rest to guide the angle of the grinding. Carbide may emit short red sparks during grinding. These are normal. The carbide tool may also become very hot. Work in short intervals and do not burn yourself, overheat the tool or touch the tool immediately after grinding. Continue grinding until the tool is sharpened.

 

 

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Industrial Applications

Due to the hardness of tungsten carbide, its creation was a breakthrough for the mining industry. Since it is much harder and denser than steel, tungsten carbide, when used on drills, is able to drill through more rock and have a longer lifetime than steel drills. Tungsten carbide is also used as a machine cutter to cut through steel and other metals.

 

Military Uses

Because tungsten carbide is so hard and dense, the military uses it to make armor-piercing ammunition. It was first used during World War II by German fighters vs. Soviet tanks. Tungsten carbide is also used as artillery ammunition. Smaller caliber weapons, such as machine guns and handguns, also can use tungsten carbide. The use of this ammunition leads to more destruction as few forms of armor are able to stop the bullet.

 

History

Tungsten carbide was first used in the 1920s when a German light-bulb company sought ways to make cheaper wiring for the light bulbs. Since tungsten carbide has a high melting point, this compound worked perfectly for light bulbs because the temperatures inside them get very hot. The production of tungsten carbide was perfected by the 1930s and other elements were also added in order to make the compound useful for other applications.

 

 

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Hardness

Tungsten carbide measures a nine on Moh's hardness scale, meaning it is about as hard as corundum, but not as hard as diamond. In order to polish or finish an item made of tungsten carbide, a diamond must be used because any other metal or mineral would crack and break. Only a diamond is hard enough to be able to scratch tungsten carbide. Its density also surpasses the density of titanium.

 

Composition and Properties

Tungsten carbide is created when tungsten and carbon are combined in equal amounts. In order to create tungsten carbide, the process has to be carried out at temperatures between 1,400 and 2,000 degrees centigrade. The resulting product, tungsten carbide, has an extremely high melting point of about 5,200 degrees Fahrenheit and a low electrical resistance, meaning it readily conducts electricity.

 

 

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