Non-sag tungsten wire is added strengthening elements (such as, potassium, silicon) to increase its resistance to high temperature creep properties.
Non-sag tungsten wire production process includes several major processes: doping, reduction, profiling, sintering, annealing, and stretching.
Use ammonium paratungstate (APT) as raw material. Generally the process is: sintering APT into tungsten trioxide at a temperature of 500 ℃ around in the air, or make a slight reduction to blue tungsten oxide in hydrogen at 450 ℃ around. The production of incandescent wire of tungsten wire needs to dope a small amount of potassium oxide, silica and alumina into tungsten trioxide or blue tungsten oxide, and the total amount of the three is less than 1%, the tungsten doping process, which is invented by Baez in 1922. After reduction process, the doped tungsten oxide will reduce to tungsten powder with hydrogen. Reduction process is generally carried out in two steps: the first step is reduced to tungsten oxide at about 630 ℃, the second step is in the reduction of a metal tungsten powder at about 820 ℃. The purpose is to make a two-step reduction of potassium incorporated into fully play the role and control of particle size. Such doped tungsten powder and then get compressed into an elongated square bars in a special mold. The square bars in hydrogen powered, with self-resistance heating (at temperature of about 3000 ℃) method sintered, tungsten sintered density can reach more than 85% of the theoretical value. Using the method of swaging, this tungsten can be processed into tungsten rod,whose diameter is about 3mm. Then further procession is drawing with a mold into a variety of different thickness of the tungsten wire.

 

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To further understand the industry non-sag tungsten tensile properties and fracture mode, we study the effects of grain size after annealing process and process of drawing and the impact of temperature at 300-1300 ℃ annealed tungsten wire. Machining and annealing of the grain size of the tungsten wire sagging against the tensile properties have the following implications:

Produced by conventional methods, the grain sizes are two samples: 50 and 105μm, the strength and elongation are actually the same.

By powerful drawing process obtained φ0.24mm tungsten wire (drawn by the φ1.0mm made of tungsten), the strength and elongation has clearly improved.

Tensile fracture mode is divided into three, splitting, cracking and splitting fiber - fiber crack mixed fracture, and fracture strain as the actual value and the annealing temperature changes and different.

 

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With the rapid economic development, national defense, transportation and other industries are gradually increasing their demand for high-performance anti-shock non-sag tungsten wire (not easy to sag and difficult algorithm of fault). How to prepare the production process based on the common non-sag tungsten wire process on high temperature with good non-sag properties and anti-shock performance? Non-sag tungsten powder metallurgy preparation stage has a critical effect on the temperature and anti-shock resistance of tungsten wire:

At a temperature of 260 ~ 460 ℃, and hydrogen flow rate is 0.3 ~ 0.5m3 / h , using ammonium paratungstate(APT) (with good flow properties , impurity content of less than 50ppm, grain morphology of monoclinic hexagonal structure) to obtain a tungsten blue oxide with a particle size of 9.1μm in restore conditions.

At 550 ~ 870 ℃, adding K, Si, Al, Co elements to tungsten blue oxide, through a two-stage reduction, obtained tungsten powders of different particle size, think that B: D powder is 4: 6 ratio of the tungsten powder with a particle size normal distribution, the most beneficial to get a good high temperature non-sag tungsten wire properties and seismic performance.

 

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Tungsten Carbide Square Rod

Tungsten carbide square rod is a shape for square, and it is a kind of rod. Tungsten carbide square rod is a hard, brittle ceramic which, when combined with 6% to 10% Cobalt, forms a tough cermet. Tungsten carbide square rod can withstand the high compressive stresses imposed during cutting, as well as having good wear and oxidation resistance at the high temperatures reached. Tungsten carbide square bar has a high resistance to thermal shock, so is able to withstand the rapid temperature fluctuations. Also, this has found a use as electrodes for Electrode Discharge Machining (EDM).

Tungsten carbide square rods are available in a wide selection of micro-grain and sub-micron grades that are engineered to stand up to thermal extremes, vibration, and impact wear. The tungsten carbide square rod that can be ground to h6 tolerances a variety of grades that provide exceptional wear and impact resistance grades for use in end mills, reamers, drills, countersinks, engraving tools, routers, and other rotary tools.


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Tungsten Carbide Square Rod Application

Tungsten carbide square rod has good red hardness, high hardness, high wear resistance, high pressure resistance, high oxidation resistance, low coefficient of expansion, fine electric and heat conduction. Due to all these advantages, it is widely used in many industries like wood industry, electrical industry, metal industry and other industries where high hardness and high wear resistance is required.

Tungsten carbide square rod application includes cutting and drilling tools (such as micron drills, twist-drills, vertical mining cutter index able file), typing needles, rollers various wear parts and structural materials. Besides, it can be extensively used in many fields, such as mechanical, chemical, petroleum, metallurgical, electronic and national defense industry. Tungsten carbide square bar has a high resistance to thermal shock, so is able to withstand the rapid temperature fluctuations. Also, this has found a use as electrodes for Electrode Discharge Machining (EDM).


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Tungsten Carbide Square Rod Properties

Tungsten carbide square rod has good red hardness, high hardness, high wear resistance, high pressure resistance, high oxidation resistance, low coefficient of expansion, fine electric and heat conduction. Due to all these advantages, it is widely used in many industries like wood industry, electrical industry, metal industry and other industries where high hardness and high wear resistance is required.

Below is the tungsten carbide square rod properties of different grades:

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Tungsten Carbide Hollow Rod

Tungsten carbide hollow rod is a kind of tungsten carbide rod with a large through-hole in the axial center, also known as tungsten carbide tube. Tungsten carbide hollow rod has various kinds of specifications, which include diameter 8 ~ 25mm and length 120 ~ 250mm. Tungsten carbide hollow rod of different specifications can be produced according to different purposes. Hollow tungsten carbide rod has rapid heat conduction speed, good abrasion resistance, high elasticity and low coefficient of thermal expansion, and thus mainly used as protective sleeve of thermocouple and thermal resistance, accessories of temperature measurement equipment, and so on.

Features of tungsten carbide hollow rod：

1. Using low press sintering technology, hard alloy bars have good densification, high hardness and high strength.

2. It is suitable for machining of steel, cast iron, stainless steel, heat-resistant steel, Nickel & Titanium and so on.

3. After accurate grinding, it can reach a mirror effect surface. 


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Non-magnetic Tungsten Carbide Rod

Non-magnetic tungsten carbide rod is rod with little magnetic or without magnetic at all. Nickel is the necessary binder which is used to produce non-magnetic tungsten carbide rod. Non-magnetic tungsten carbide rod is mainly applied in magnetic field stamping die and magnetic tape. Due to its high corrosion resistance, it is also applied as equipment in chemical industry and food industry.

Another important application of non-magnetic tungsten carbide rod is the balance part of fishing bait which is called non-magnetic tungsten carbide rod bait balanced part. It is small in size, high density so it can make the bait sink into ocean easier. It also has super high precision, smooth inner hole which can move fluently on the balance line and make the bait flexible. Due to its high corrosion resistance, also acid and alkali resistance, it will not get rusty although being sink in the ocean all the time. 


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Solid carbide end mills status include the following two aspects:
First of all, solid carbide end mills status reflected in that solid carbide end mills can be divided into two types of general-purpose and high-end model. In general, the technical difficulty of universal solid carbide end mills are relatively small, product quality gap with foreign countries is not great. In fact, the vast majority of Chinese carbide cutting tools enterprises, including private enterprises knife, tool factory owned enterprises in the mainland and Taiwan are cutting production of solid carbide end mills based industry. Domestic solid carbide end mills at a lower price occupation of China's most low-end market, the competition is fierce.

Secondly, solid carbide end mills status reflected in that in some difficult processing, high-speed milling and other high-end manufacturing areas, there is still a gap between China's solid carbide end mills quality and world brands cutting tools, such as : high hardness materials processing mills, high-speed cutter, titanium milling, graphite milling, aerospace composite materials milling, precision milling cutters. These solid carbide end mills higher added value, and the major market share occupied by foreign manufacturers.


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Needle-type tungsten carbide drill refers to sintered tungsten carbide drill bit welded onto a blank drill, which consists of needle-like alloy, a carcass and a drill bit body composed of three parts. Needle-type tungsten carbide drill features are significant as compared with conventional carbide drill bit, it has the following features:

Firstly, needle-type tungsten carbide drill features reflected in multiple blades. When drilling, rock has freer surface conducive tungsten carbide drill to drill rock.

Secondly, needle-type tungsten carbide drill features reflected in long service life. Compared with conventional carbide drill bits, needle-type tungsten carbide drill last longer. The reason is that needle-type tungsten carbide drill lip areas remain unchanged until the needle alloy mill last. Needle-type tungsten carbide drill blunt problem does not exist, therefore the penetration rate stability, long bit life.

Finally, needle-type tungsten carbide drill features reflected in the package insert needle alloy firm, so the alloy is not easy caving.


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