Jiangxi Rare Earth Standardization Technical Committee 2013 Annual Meeting held in Ganzhou

December 18 , RE Standardization Technical Committee held a province in Ganzhou 2013 Annual Conference "rare earth ceramic knife " and seven local standards validation will be rare . Provincial Bureau deputy inspector Jiang Hongnan to the meeting and delivered a speech.

Jiang Hongnan dilute Standards Commission affirmed the province 's achievements since its establishment and wish to make three points : First, the standardization work should be forward-looking , provincial dilute standard committee work to stand on a higher level , not only to organizations to develop local standards , but also the development of standards with a forward-looking market ; Second provincial Committee of dilute standard revision while actively working standards , but also to strengthen the standard Publicizing , promote the implementation of standards ; Third provincial Bureau of Standardization Department to strengthen the standard Authority's management and support , engage in more standardized training , to promote the development of the standard committee .

The meeting summed up the situation in 2013 reviewed the development of rare earth industry , the importance of rare-earth local standards , prospects of development of rare earth industry in 2014 and the country towards the introduction of new measures, and passed the " rare earth ceramic knife " and 7 RE local standards. Provincial Bureau of Standardization Department , Ganzhou Quality Supervision Bureau staff , evaluation experts and provincial dilute standard of 20 committee members attended the meeting .


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Thoughts and Suggestions adjustment and optimization of China's rare earth strategy

Rare earths are important strategic resources, as people on rare earths strategic consciousness and the resource environment consciousness weak, the state system is not perfect, rare earth strategy system lag, causes in the process of development and production of rare earth, private mining mining of behavior serious; Ecological damage; Resources price is quite low, and the resources and environmental costs serious don't match; Rare earth quotas of management from foreign lawsuits, all sorts of problems emerge in endlessly, reflect China's rare earth strategy and policy development is highly uneven with the real world. Therefore improve the strategic thought of rare earth in our country, perfect the legal system of rare earth, deepening the reform of rare earth resource and ecological compensation and environmental tax, adjust the policies and measures, such as rare earth industry to protect the interests of the state of rare earth resources and the environment.

Rare earth resources in our country present situation and some chaos, rare earths national strategy faces many confused, in the process of social and economic development, the government's decision in a dilemma.

1, the status quo of China's rare earth resources protection

Had 71.1% of the world's rare earth reserves in China, but in 2012 the state council information office released white paper on "China's rare earth situation and policy", according to China's rare earth reserves account for about 23% of the world's total reserves. In a short span of 30 years of reform and opening-up, our country has already sold 48.10% of rare earth resources reserves, according to the existing production speed, in China, heavy rare earth reserves can only last 15 to 20 years, may need to import. To protect rare earth this strategic resources, and the resource advantage into economic advantage, over the years, the Chinese government has implemented a series of rare earth resources control measures, while achieved certain effect, there are still some problems.

2 the problems existing in the national strategy, rare earth resources

Our country once proud to account for 71.1% of the world's rare earth, and when to drop 23% reserves nowadays, we should feel very guilty and deep remorse, "why didn't we Chinese to protect and make good use of wealth and resources of father to stay?" Our government and every Chinese should be traced back to realize my own shortcomings, change the strategic thinking and decision making. The author analysis the reasons are the following:

(1) the consciousness of rare earth resources. In October 2010, the United States energy policy analyst mark. Humphries entitled to congress of rare earth elements: the global supply chain report lists the relevant statistical data in 2009, among them, China's rare earth reserves of 36 million tons, accounting for 36% of the world, the output 120000 tons, accounting for 97% of the world; Russia's reserves of 19 million tons, accounting for 19% of the world. The reserves of 13 million tons, accounting for 13% of the world; Australia reserves of 5.4 million tons, accounting for 5% of the world. India reserves of 3.1 million tons, accounting for 3% of the world, the production of 2700 tons, accounting for 2% of the world. Outside China, the national rare earth production is 0, in a state of zero mining. Supply China with 30% of global reserves, more than 95% of global demand, known as the "gold selling price of Chinese cabbage". Because China's rare earth price is low, the United States willing to shut down since the 1985's own mines, all imported from China; Japan has a large number of imports of Chinese rare earth hoarding. Traced back to these problems is the Chinese for too little attention to the importance of rare earth, rare earth resources awareness is relatively weak; In addition, people today for a small collective interests or the pursuit of economic interests is higher than the present national interests or the long term.

(2) the consequence caused by vicious competition of rare earth resources. China's rare earth export in the world, at present the national rare earth separation enterprise production capacity of more than ten thousand tons, the market demand only between 120000 ~ 150000 tons, with the international market demand is about 30000 ~ 50000 tons, domestic market demand in 70000 ~ 80000 tons, in order to show that rare earth overcapacity serious in our country. From 1990 to 2005, Chinese exports of rare earths has increased by nearly 10 times, but the average price fell to half 1990. The main reason is out of control and management in 1998 China's rare earth quotas strictly, in 2006, China's rare earth mining total amount control management. In 2008, the state issued the national mineral resources planning, for the rare earth market turmoil play a certain role to curb, but did not fundamentally change the situation, related data show that disguised export every year and smuggling of rare earths in 20000 ~ 20000 tons.

Not only that, greatly improve the quality of other products and performance remarkably rare earth is to "bargain" instead of exports abroad, according to industry insiders, the price is a far cry from internal and overseas of rare earth metals, such as the above-mentioned provide metal neodymium prices for 440-450 yuan/kg, and imports of neodymium metal is more than ten thousand yuan/kg, equivalent to 200 yuan/grams, with only 10% of the tariff, that is 180 yuan/grams for the international market price, equivalent to 409-400 times the price of domestic, differences were disparity big, make people to surprise! National resources so betrayed, regretted! So, China's rare earth market and mining in the chaos, the national strategic interests is quite bad, the Chinese government must be regulated.

(3) under the quota system of new problems. The Chinese government today to the rare earths have a certain understanding, for the rare earth export quota management. The ministry of commerce has announced two batches of export quotas in 2013, the light rare earth is 27384 tons, 3617 tons of heavy rare earths in, two batches of total of 31001 tons. Such a move for the domestic rare earth export chaos have played a role in stem, but with the emergence of new problems. Although rare earth raw materials exports have been strictly limited, but the primary products of rare earth materials purchased in China is not restricted by quota, so some developed countries enterprises begin to invest in China's rare earth resources in large Numbers. At present, the United States, Germany, Japan and other developed countries of the enterprise has investment of rare earth industry in China, there are 38, sole proprietorship, joint venture investment of RMB 6.1 billion, they will only simple processing of rare earth resources in the primary products shipped to abroad for further processing or in reserve, to make China's rare earth resources beyond the quotas on exports. Foreign companies in China through such investing methods such as drill law loophole, successful escape the rare earth export quotas and the predatory exploitation of rare earth resources, this phenomenon seriously affected the development of rare earth industry norms.

(4) rare earth mining destructive to the environment. In Beijing nonferrous metal research institute professor Huang Xiaowei entitled "China's rare earth resources efficient clean extraction and recycling", points out that in every production 1 ton of ionic type rare-earth ore cost 4 ~ 5 tons of ammonium sulfate, 1.7 tons of ammonium bicarbonate; Separation of ionic type rare-earth ore consumption 1 ton south 8 ~ 10 tons of hydrochloric acid, 6 ~ 8 tons of liquid alkali or 1 ~ 1.2 tonnes of liquid ammonia, etc., the chemical raw materials are eventually converted to waste water, waste residue or waste gas, no effective recycling. In addition, baotite bastnaesite and sichuan containing 7% ~ 8% of fluorine, 0.2% of thorium is not recycled into the waste residue, waste gas or waste water, pollute the environment.

Ganzhou rare earth mining began in the 1970 s. Once use pool leaching process is called "move mountain movement", wherever the mountain vegetation suffered great damage, and heavy working procedure such as leaching, acid produced by a large number of rich in ammonia nitrogen, heavy metal pollutants such as wastewater, serious pollution of drinking water and agricultural irrigation water. Some experts believe that actually pool leaching process, for example, every tons of rare earth mining, to destroy the vegetation of 200 square meters, 300 square meters of stripping topsoil, 2000 cubic meters of tailings, 1200 cubic meters of water and soil loss every year. So in the rare earth industry contains nothing grows after the "rare earth". On April 16, 2012, the national research joint research group of 42 ministries in ganzhou, formed an environmental report. Reports indicate that the rare earth mining pollution in ganzhou 18 counties (city, area), involves the disused mines 302, legacy tailings (waste) of 191 million tons, the damaged forest area of 97.34 square kilometers.

Huge funding gap of environmental governance has become a rare earth industry is facing a serious challenge. Of industry and information technology, deputy minister Mr. Su said that China's rare earth mining cost, preliminary estimates, ganzhou alone of environmental pollution caused by the mining, mine environment restorative governance cost up to 38 billion yuan. 51 rare earth enterprises in jiangxi province in 2011, by contrast, annual profits of 6.4 billion yuan is a drop in the bucket. It was only the environmental pollution of the rare earths bring "the tip of the iceberg". Mr. Su said that the current private mining rare earth digging and waste of resources, smuggling, and so on and so forth is still rampant, tons of rare earth mining recovery rate was only 60% of state-owned enterprises, large recovery rate was only 40% of private enterprises, some private dug mines and even only 5%, rare earths was squandered, and the resulting huge environmental problems. Another according to the environmental protection, rare earth leading north of baotou rare earth, the environmental audit is still not up to standard. Baotou steel group of baiyun obo ore, iron ore and a large number of rare earth coexistence, its after selecting ore, containing rare earths by-product of temporarily unable to use, with the liquid through a pipeline to the accumulation of tailings dam, accumulate over a long period, the formation of the current capacity of 170 million tons of "rare earth lake".

Yang Wanxi rare-earth experts said, at current prices, while up to ten yuan per ton, hundreds of thousands of yuan, even hundreds of millions of yuan, but also far less than the cost of environment recovery, the long run is not worth the cost. "Now, is the biggest bottleneck mining cannot reasonably be abandoned sediment and wastewater treatment." Jiangxi local cadres Li Hui Yang said. Acid used for extraction of rare earth elements carrying sediment will eventually flow into the nearby qingjian and river, the pollution of water, has a direct threat to the people who plow living for generations. Villagers Chen Yuguo said, "what kind of our field." This is the private mining rare earth mining of behavior is difficult to erase the pain on the ecological environment.

Second, the rare earth national strategy of international experience for reference

The countries of the world, especially developed countries earlier, the development and application of rare earth and scientific research and advanced, involves the development of mineral resources management system, such as rare earths are more perfect, its experience gives us many inspirations, worthy of our learning and using for reference.

1, the strategic thought of rare earth resources abroad. Developed countries will be rare earths as a national strategic resources, all over the world looking for rare earth minerals, based on global resources use powerful thought behind it, using various means such as diplomatic, economic, as a key, open the world resources, to develop various forms of cooperation, will be used for other countries' resources, make rare earth used in a variety of sophisticated science and technology, military technology, the development of the country's economic, military, to obtain huge state and national interests. In the 19th century British palmerston once said: "there is no eternal friends between countries, also have no eternal enemies, only permanent interests, the pursuit of these interests is our responsibility." The western developed countries in the aspect of interests will palmerston's words is developed to get incisively and vividly, the United States, Japan and so on have more advanced and long-term strategic thinking, the rare earth as a national security strategic material reserves. The U.S. house of representatives proposed bill of rare earths, the department of energy (doe) has made a rare earth strategic plan, and is making a plan for the exploitation of domestic rare earth, and their participation in cooperation only several Allies, Japan, Canada, the United States it is considered for its national security strategy. And as in Japan, its official and folk common strategic reserves of rare earth resources, strengthen the resources in the field of diplomatic, economic, diplomatic and economic cooperation, ensuring the supply of rare earths. So, the developed countries use all available means in implementing the strategy of global resources, maximizing the interests of the state, it is their strategic intent, but also its strategic objectives.

2, industrial policy of the development of rare earth resources abroad. In Australia, for example, the countries in order to win global market share, to prevent foreign mining companies domestic mining company investment. In the global scope rapid expansion of rare earth market at the same time, Australia also tighten the domestic investment of rare earth metals. A few years ago, the Australian government will ever stop foreign mining companies companies to invest in domestic mining companies to plan. Japan's demand for rare earth mineral resources are huge, in order to ensure the continuous resource supply, the Japanese government has been encouraging its companies to invest overseas mineral resources development, provide financial guarantees for the enterprise; In order to guarantee the security of cooperation projects, the Japanese government to strengthen with the bank, the Asian development bank, the European Renaissance development, the international monetary fund and the export-import bank of developed countries, the international famous investment institutions such as cooperation, make the resource countries under international diplomatic situation, did not dare to make a move. America has the largest rare earth resources in western countries, accounts for about 12% of the world's resources, rare earth reserves the second largest in the world. To protect rare earth resources, the United States in 2002 sealed his biggest mountain pass mine.

3, the marketing strategy of rare earth resources development abroad. Japan through indirect groups combined resources investigation and send mineral experts and researchers and so on many kinds of ways, to carry out the resources diplomacy, to understand the status of the other countries' resources, trying to get other countries' resources. Japan's rare earth resource diplomacy to JOGMEC semi-official status, JOGMEC usually to overseas economic cooperation fund of Japan, Japan import and export bank and other financial institutions to provide loan guarantees, guarantee ratio can reach 80%, and communicate and investment location related parties, create good investment environment for Japanese companies, in order to get the exploration and mining projects of the company. Japan early in China carefully selected a group of stable strategic raw materials suppliers, joint ventures, for example, Japan SanDe metal industrial company in baotou has two joint ventures; Showa electric companies in baotou and ganzhou has a joint venture. Procurement from China in recent years, Japan change channels and strategies, changed a lot, for batch of centralized purchasing and decentralized procurement. Japan also in Hong Kong, China, Taiwan and southeast Asia and other places set up, and go through Hong Kong, China, Thailand import port trade, its purpose is to deflect, avoid causing China's alert; Also can ingenious use of purchasing time, distorted the normal supply and demand, to crack down on and manipulate the market price. At the same time, Japan also smuggled out a large acquisition of guangxi, yunnan area of rare earth materials and semi-finished products.

Not only do we need to learn and draw lessons from foreign advanced technology, make the art of war "knowing there", also must absorb its advanced strategic and management idea, by wei yuan long skill of "barbarians" strategy, be adept in the use of strategy and policy, to "fight" winner.

Three, optimization of rare earth in China national strategic advice

Countries around the world to carry out the strategy of all are in the state and national interests first as a strategic objective, and rare earth resources as an important strategic resources, countries should be protected. In this, the author puts forward some countermeasures and Suggestions from different angles for your reference.

1, to set up the rare earth resources protection legal system, for the rare earth resources

Our country current law regulates the basic principles, basic system of mineral resources for mineral resource management and development provides the basic standard, is the national unified regulation and administrative region linkage supervision important basis and common principles of rare earth resources and regional resources of balancing of interests.

First, to accelerate the process of rare earth legislation. The original "mineral resources law" has been inappropriate, the penalties for illegal rare earth mining, other law enforcement agencies of execution is weak, cause in the illegal mining, wanton speculation phenomenon, the serious influence to our country's economic and strategic security. For their country's long-term interests as far as possible intact, the National People's Congress and the central government should quicken the steps of rare earth legislation, a more detailed detailed protection strategy of rare earth resources laws and regulations, to cherish and protect our precious rare earths. Law should stipulate, forbidden rare earth national strategic resources at will and illegal mining and trading and export trade, the illegal mining, sell and export abroad in "crime of illegal mining and sell national strategic resources" punish, handed over to the judicial organs shall be severely punished. To be "justified" rare earth protection, implementation of rare earth resources in the country "are laws, the barriers" legal protection.

Second, the establishment of powerful protection strategy of rare earth resources law enforcement system. After the rare earth resources protection legislation, we also need to build a comparatively complete law enforcement system, must be integrated resources of power sector, such as the national land and resources, the national development and reform commission, ministry of commerce and industry and information technology, and so on related department unified ideological understanding, break departmental, put national interest first, small collective interests must obey national interests and local interests, relevant departments and local governments must act in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations, whether anyone if there is any violation of the rare earth resources law, shall be handed over to judicial organs to adjudicate. We must earnestly implement the protection of "the eleventh central committee, the law applied" strategy of rare earth resources law enforcement system.

2 taxing, rare earth resources, to cherish and protect the nation's resources

(1) the further deepening of rare earth resource tax reform. Our country should contain rare earths by means of tax of blind production and export of rare earth industry now is not a simple economic problem, in the national strategic critical period, the tax policy makers should from the strategic height to know the seriousness of the problem. We should increase resources tax rate, as well as environmental tax, its reason is: first, the resource tax rates rise to make people more appreciative of the national rare disposable resources; Second, the current resource tax rates are too low, the fee levied taxes cannot undertake environmental restoration projects, more sufficient reason to raise taxes. Rare earth now "non-ferrous metals" as the resource tax item, the original 0.40 yuan, 3.00 yuan/ton ore is adjusted for the current RMB 30-60 yuan/ton ore, although increased the rate of 8-20 times, but it is not enough, the rare earth not to play the strategic implications.

Rare earth is "metal vitamin", according to data show that in per ton steel, 300 grams of rare earth is added to the steel and the characteristics of rare earth are evident, for national strategy, it is "priceless", not for the current "ton" unit ", should take the theory of "g" as the unit price, to reflect its economic value and strategic resources value, and the resource tax item separately presented in the "non-ferrous metals", identified as "rare earths" item. If to 3 yuan, 30 yuan / 100 grams of ore for rare earth resources tax, so rare earth pay 30000 yuan to 600000 yuan per ton of resource tax, equivalent to the last adjusted rate between 1000 and 1000 times, this will make China's rare earth prices. This is not surprising, according to a recent, The Times of the ball ball, at present, rare earth in the international market price is $1000 / kg (equivalent to 6.09 yuan/g) above, but the price of China's exports of rare earths is 18 yuan/kg ($2.95 / kg, or the equivalent of 0.018 yuan/grams), that is to say, our country is now in the international market price of 338 points, one of the very low prices in the export of rare earth! The data show that in the world of rare earth price is actually a gram or ounces, pounds denominated, China's rare earths to tons "so that the price is quite low; According to the calculation, the author proposed raising rare earth resource tax rate to 3 yuan, 30 yuan / 100 grams of ore (average rate of 16.5 yuan / 100 grams of ore) compared the tax in the international market price of the cost accounting is relatively low, therefore, in the current strategy of rare earth in moments of crisis, we should adopt the strategic counsel, timely improve the rare earth resources tax, then cause price growth is normal, this is the rational regression of rare earth prices.

(2) to speed up the pace of ecological compensation and environmental tax. According to the requirement of the construction of ecological civilization, ecological environment destruction caused by mining, must be repaired, and compensation should be made to the local people. However, ecological compensation and environmental restoration needs considerable funds, therefore, we suggest that the government imposed tax, ecological compensation and repairing by tax to the local ecological compensation and environmental restoration, make up for the rare earth enterprise of damage to the ecological environment. The tax is not imposed a new tax, but cross with tax, tax object is the same, is the exploitation of natural resources units or individuals. In mining mineral Labour on the exploitation of mineral resources behavior, ecological compensation, etc., not impose quotas, and environmental fee system has the same flaw, thus restructuring has its necessity for taxes, tax rates determined can reference resource tax rate mechanism, according to the relevant institutions of rare earth cost accounting, the environmental costs of China's rare earth for $5.6 per kg, $34.10 per kg yuan or 34100 yuan per ton, and ecological compensation costs 60000-80000 yuan per ton, environmental cost and ecological compensation cost total RMB 94100-114100, equivalent to the current resource tax rate 3803.33 times, 1568.33 times, according to current resources tax rate and the ecological compensation and environmental repair cost comparison, our present resource taxes is just "a drop in the bucket", is a total market "upside down" phenomenon. In the design of it is because of China's rare earth market prices and resource tax, does not take into account the high ecological compensation and environmental cost factor, thus lead to China's rare earth is low, the resources and the environment are serious loss.

So we should change the development idea of rare earth industry untimely and tax, as early as possible research and ecological compensation and environmental restoration (additional) tax and resource tax, the tax rate design should be the ecological compensation and environmental remediation cost into consideration, as the key of the rare earth ecological compensation and environmental restoration rate should be duty for the unit with the g (or 100 grams), the tax rate to determine in 9 yuan per 100 grams, 12 yuan per 100 grams, so rare earth pay 90000 yuan to 120000 yuan per ton of ecological compensation and environmental restoration, the collection of taxes to ecological compensation and environmental restoration works to proceed, or you can't make up for the ecological compensation and environmental restoration funding gap. Can contain foreign rare earth traders so wanton looting resources, rare earth say will return to us.

Questions about from the volume. "The current reform of resource taxes have been used the method of AD valorem duty, why the new design of rare earth resource and ecological compensation and environmental restoration duty but also from volume?" Some people will question. The author thinks that, China's rare earth current market price is too low, such as using AD valorem duty tax reform will be difficult to achieve the strategy of rare earths resources expectations, so the two taxes taken from volume is closer to the strategic purpose of rare earth resources. In a word, we should focus on their country's long-term interests, from a strategic planning in rare earth more favorable tax policies, to cherish and protect the rare earth resources, promoting the recovery and utilization of the rare earths, quicken the steps of recycle economy of rare earth, thereby promoting resource-conserving and environment-friendly society to move forward.

3, adjust the rare earths industry policy, promote the sustainable development of the rare earth industry in China

The Chinese government is drafting a rare earth collection and storage system, this is a can alleviate the current crisis is relatively appropriate industrial policy, rare earth in addition to this, the author puts forward some Suggestions for industrial policy for your reference.

(1) set up a rare earths industry alliance. China's rare earth industry is "overall excess capacity, industry concentration degree is low, disorderly competition, integration is difficult" the ills, strengthen industry alliance is imperative. On April 8, 2012 established China's rare earth industry association, has a certain influence, but limited role. According to the international and domestic development situation, we should consider standing on rare earth country overall strategy should be established specifications higher, more powerful "China's rare earth industry strategic alliance", by the national related ministries and commissions, scientific research institutes, rare earth industry association and the size of production enterprises all over the country for its members, and directly into the system of "national security", become a part of it. Is the role of "China's rare earth industry strategic alliance", implement the national macroeconomic regulation and control policy; Study and establish the national rare earths strategy ideology; Research and develop the rare earth industry strategic countermeasures and steps; Set up the communication mechanism between government and enterprises, to promote environmental protection and saving energy and reducing consumption, reflecting the Suggestions and requests of industries and enterprises; Promote the industry information exchange, negotiated prices, strengthen self-discipline, and union for the conservation of the whole operation; To establish a national system of technological innovation, technology research and optimization combination, a clear division of responsibilities, to promote industrial technology innovation, maintenance of union members in their own intellectual property rights and other legitimate rights and interests; Promote win-win cooperation between enterprises, in such aspects as raw material supply and market equilibrium to strengthen cooperation between enterprises, eliminate the malignant competition.

(2) rare earth science and technology research and application of independent innovation. The world production of rare earth resources in our country, research and development and application of the rare earths in foreign countries, this is not normal phenomenon. Rare earth industry to adjust strategic development direction, should be from exports to domestic demand, actively encourage rare earth science and technology independent innovation, promote the organic combination of "production, study and research" three, introduce a batch of talents with high technical level, strong innovation consciousness, the applications of rare earth science and innovation technology and concept in time to production and consumption, speed up the rare earth science and technology innovation and development, the rapid transformation of scientific and technological achievements, develop actively the application of rare earth industry chain. Scientists in the world every three and a half years you will find a new use of the rare earths, improve resource utilization, in particular, this is the main characteristic of rare earth of modern science and technology progress. Current our country independent research and development of science and technology of rare earth should stand behind the technology development and application of synchronous development, independent innovation and research and application of rare earth science and technology independent innovation is to promote the development of rare earth a extremely important link, the national strategy determines the strategic height of rare earths. As a result, support and promote the development of independent research and technology of science and technology industry, development of new products to adapt to the market demand, in particular, in the rare earth permanent magnet, luminous, hydrogen storage and other rare earth functional materials to extend industrial chain, conquers the highest position in the future high technology and new technology industry development.

(3) to develop rare earth industrial policy. According to relevant materials, and rare earth resources in China can also be 20 to 50 years, and in 20 to 50 years, our country will be taken from rare earth powers into small ones. To this, should be formulated as soon as possible to protect China's rare earth policy and strategic planning, strictly control the gate of the export products, strengthen primary export restrictions of rare earth products, to promote research and development and application of rare earth high-tech products, enhancing the added value of the end products. Domestic calls for a ban on rare earth export in our country, there are many well-known scholars from long-term interests of the country and people, the most effective and easy to implement, was immediately banned exports, only to maintain domestic production and research and development the required output size, or just buy from the international market. This opinion is worth reference.

(4) strict implementation of the access system of rare earth industry. First, strictly banned foreign investment and foreign enterprises in rare earth and rare earth resources of production and business operation activities. Banned foreign establish rare earth mining enterprises in China, ban on foreign investment in rare earth smelting separation projects (limited to the joint venture, cooperation, and qualified foreign stake, to limit foreign merchandise), all the deep processing of rare earth mineral development, smelting separation project approved by the national related department, shall not delegate approval authority. At the same time, strict control of foreign investment in rare earth deep processing and application field. Second, solve the problem of excess production capacity of rare earth enterprises. The central government shall formulate strict industrial policy, reduce the rare earth enterprise capacity; Increase of rare earth enterprises admittance threshold, strictly no qualification and standard enterprise into the rare earth industry, including environmental assessment, technology assessment indicators, etc.

(5) improve the rare earth circular economy system. Widely in the rare earth enterprise to implement clean production, reduce the production of material and energy use, source from the production process and make full use of resources, make the enterprise to achieve waste minimization, recycling and harmless. To learn and absorb foreign advanced rare earth recovery technology and management experience, to develop rare earth renewable resources, actively improve the rare earth independent recycling system, promote the rare earth industry circulation economy forward. Especially dealing with mining, smelting process on the "three wastes" comprehensive treatment, and waste. To promote recycling enterprise's sustainable development, the state formulates policies to guide and support recycling enterprises technical innovation, improve the level of technology and equipment, waste water, waste gas, waste residue comprehensive recycling, improve the environmental protection facilities, enhance the level of use and environmental governance.


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December 20 rare earth products price quotes

December 20 rare earth products price quotes

Name Specifications Origin / Mark Reference Price Average Change
Rare earth carbonate REO 42.0-45.0% Domestic 26000-27000 yuan / ton 26500 0
Lanthanum oxide La2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 22000-23000 yuan / ton 22500 0
Cerium oxide CeO2/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 23000-25000 yuan / ton 24000 0
Praseodymium oxide Pr6O11/TREO 99.0-99.9% Domestic 560000-580000 yuan / ton 570000 0
Neodymium oxide Nd2O3/TREO 99.0-99.9% Domestic 315000-325000 yuan / ton 320000 0
Samarium oxide Sm2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 18000-19000 yuan / ton 18500 0
Europium oxide Eu2O3/TREO 99.95-99.99% Domestic 4500-4700 yuan / kg 4600 0
Gadolinium oxide Gd2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 164000-169000 yuan / ton 165500 -1000
Terbium oxide Tb4O7/TREO 99.95-99.99% Domestic 3300-3500 yuan / kg 3400 0
Dysprosium oxide Dy2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 1700-1800 yuan / kg 1750 0
Erbium oxide Er2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 340000-350000 yuan / ton 345000 0
Yttria Y2O3/TREO 99.995-99.999% Domestic 55000-65000 yuan / ton 60000 0
Praseodymium , neodymium oxide (Nd2O3 + Pr6O11) / TREO ≥ 75.0% Domestic 310000-320000 yuan / ton 315000 0
Metal lanthanum La / TREM ≥ 99.0% Domestic 53000-55000 yuan / ton 54000 0
Metal cerium Ce / TREM ≥ 99.0% Domestic 58000-62000 yuan / ton 60000 0
Metal Pr Pr / TREM 96.0-99.0% Domestic 590000-610000 yuan / ton 600000 0
Neodymium Nd / TREM 99.0-99.9% Domestic 410000-420000 yuan / ton 415000 0
Metal terbium Tb / TREM ≥ 99.9% Domestic 4800-4900 yuan / kg 4850 0
Dysprosium Dy / TREM ≥ 99% Domestic 2800-3000 yuan / kg 2900 0
Metal yttrium Y / TREM 99.9-99.95% Domestic 270-290 yuan / kg 280 0
Lanthanum cerium metal Ce / TREM ≥ 65.0% TREM ≥ 98.5% Domestic 45000-47000 yuan / ton 46000 0
Praseodymium neodymium metal Pr / TREM 20-25% Nd / TREM 75-80% TREM ≥ 98.5% Domestic 390000-400000 yuan / ton 395000 0
Praseodymium , neodymium and dysprosium metal TREM ≥ 99.0% Domestic 425000-435000 yuan / ton 430000 0
Battery grade mixed rare earth TREM ≥ 99.0% Nd / TREM ≥ 15% Domestic 135000-145000 yuan / ton 140000 0
Dy alloy Dy80% Domestic 1950000-2050000 yuan / ton 2000000 0



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December 20 rare earth market price quotes

RE market stability maintenance . Shouchu yet to see the shadow , rare earth prices will continue to bear the sell-off from the early traders hoard goods , the overall market is not optimistic.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 170-180 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 195-205 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 560,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 22,000-23,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 23,000-25,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 310,000-320,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 390,000-400,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,500-4,700 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade tax price of mainstream manufacturers 3,400-3,500 yuan / kg.


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Rare gold price, LED floodlights weak demand continues to hold

LED floodlights at the mall under the price rise of raw materials resulting in cost saving lighting products under the premise of progress , LED floodlights malls requirements also showed continued upward trend. So in the next two years , energy-efficient lighting funded shopping mall is still the greatest demand, energy-efficient lighting is estimated to save the mall this year will exceed 40 billion yuan of total funding .

According to reports, because the principles and shopping malls , and many other reasons, in 2010 , China LED general lighting mall size increased beyond 150% , became the fastest growing LED (LED floodlights, LED High Bay , LED lights, explosion proof flashlight , portable explosion-proof searchlight ) applications.

In LED lighting , driven to 2015 , the size of the global LED mall will stick more than the average annual increase rate of 30% .

China Rare Earth 2011 was presented discontinued crisis , resulting in rare earth prices continue to climb , breaking the previous history of the critical point. Out of strategic materials such transactions Rare maintenance considerations, the state will further severe constraints on tungsten ore, the total amount of rare earth mining and export quotas , which will help secure rare earth prices. But together also shows that rare earth prices will still continue to increase in the stable , the difficult situation presented previously expected to fall .

In the energy conservation and promotion of low-carbon economy , energy saving lamps malls throughout the country fast . More traditional incandescent and fluorescent , LED energy-saving lamps (LED floodlights , LED High Bay , LED lights, explosion proof flashlights, portable explosion-proof searchlight ) have good lighting effects, high security features , low-carbon , energy-saving and other outstanding advantages.

Together , under the effect of various favorable factors , several large domestic energy-efficient lighting listed company's share price showed a different level rise.


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Rare Exchange Trading Rules "dystocia"

August 8 , the fifth Baotou Rare Earth Industry Forum held as scheduled , but the Baotou Rare Earth exchanges with industry stood me up . A year ago, as the first high-profile national rare earth trading platform listed in Baotou , Baotou Steel Rare Earth , represented to investors that it will run as soon as possible to the outside world , but after a year , even the basic trading rules are not finalized .

Reporters learned that, on the one hand there is a big differences between the north and south boundaries of rare earth rare earth exchange trading patterns , the parties did not agree on how to avoid price rises and falls ; the other hand, due to the illegal exploitation and illicit circulation is still rampant , Exchange run hard to dominate the market.


August 8 , the Ministry Secretary on the Baotou Rare Earth Materials陈燕海forum, said the first half of this year, smelting and separation of rare earth minerals and products production was 41,000 tons and 3.5 million tons, 87% and 78% in the first half plan achieve industry profit of about 20 million. This is the second since 2011 , rare earth production plan targets third consecutive finish the task .

Data show that in 2011 to 2012 were the rare earth industry realized profits of 15.9 billion yuan , 10.8 billion yuan , an increase of 288% and 163 % higher than in 2010 .

In this context , has been a year of Baotou Rare Earth Exchange listed concern, from the preparation to the exchange listing are seeking pricing, market stability as the goal. Scheduled for August 8 this year, announced trading rules and industry stood me up .

Zhang Zhong , general manager of Baotou Steel Rare Earth , told reporters that the company is due to delayed construction of hardware facilities , while the number of members is also yet to be determined , " members of management is still under study , the exchange operators will consider professional managers manner, but did not make the trip . "

Reporters learned that, in addition to objective reasons hardware running Exchange main reason lies in extension of 10 main sponsors are not on the critical operating agreement , such as rare species, a different category , the transaction price system is how to develop and operate a puzzle .

In addition , the Exchange seeking pricing , market stability control aspect has also been questioned. A local official involved in the formation of the exchange told this reporter that the motion is to allow the exchange of rare earth return value , then get rid of the "cabbage price" , but in exchange the construction process, rare earth prices experienced " roller coaster "wave style , on-line transaction in this context outdated , " and other commodities compared to the rare earth usage and transaction volume is very small , how to avoid capital speculation, how to control fluctuations in the price is a problem. "

According to customs statistics, in April China 's rare earth export volume of 2,196 tons , an increase of 6 times more than exports in March increased by 28% . Data show that in 2011 and 2012, Chinese exports of rare earth products were 18,600 tons and 16,800 tons , compared with 2010 decreased by 53% and 58% , respectively, but the average export prices increased about 1 and 5 times .

Secretary-General of the 8th China Baotou Rare Earth Society马荣璋said in the first half of this year, the majority of the rare earth industry, business losses , some companies have ceased , semi-shutdown state , the industry generally reflect a lack of confidence. Suggested there are other ways in the future to take the severity of Critical Control heavy rare earth exports , the gradual liberalization of the light rare earth production mandatory planning and introduction of appropriate complementary management measures.

Heavy rare earth and rare earth is divided into light rare earth , where heavy rare earths is currently unique to China , mainly distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other southern provinces , mining and heavy rare earth separation greater impact on the environment . Light rare earths in the world, many countries and regions have been found before the 1980s , the U.S. long-term production of light rare earth ranks first in the world . After China 's rare earth export quota system was introduced , the industry will continue to appeal to the elimination of export quotas lanthanum , cerium and other light rare earths .

Ma Rongzhang The above statement was interpreted as business people , China 's rare earth policy will be gradually relaxed, which differ from the continued strict ideas since 2009 , but a company official from Jiangxi Rare expressed the hope that deregulation in order to eradicate illegal acts as a precondition.

This is true , on the day after the August 7 , Ministry of Public Security , the Ministry of Land and Resources , Ministry of Environmental Protection , Customs, State Administration of Taxation , the State Administration for Industry and Commerce , the State Administration of Production Safety Supervision and eight departments jointly issued the "Combating rare earth mining , production and circulation of illegal conduct special action program ", the time is from 2013 August 15 to November 15 . It is reported that the focus of this action include : combating the illegal exploitation of rare earth, rectify illegal production , combating illegal circulation , recovery and clean-up of waste products utilization of rare earth enterprises against black interests of the chain , check the implementation of regulatory responsibilities , such as rare earths .

According Ma Rongzhang introduction , south separating ore smelting enterprises to obtain more than 70% of the ion source is unknown. June this year, has organized a Ganzhou against illegal mining and production campaigns , because the source of disruption , rare earth smuggling situation has improved, but the price has gone up along with heavy rare earths .


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"Black chain" invasion of China Rare Earth Industry

China's largest rare earth production base in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region , the customs authorities after nearly a year of investigation monitoring, together with the recent detection of a rare earth smuggling cases , involving more than 130 tons of rare earth products , the value of the total amount involved in the case and reached more than 1,400 yuan of tax evasion .

Survey shows that from December 2011 , Baotou , a private enterprise in the case of Vietnam KAD foresee the company you want to buy rare earth products smuggled out of the country , still do not issue VAT invoice prices reached a sale and purchase agreement with the latter , has the 6 batches of rare earth products illegally sold to KAD companies.

And this phenomenon of illegal production and sale of rare earth products in the current Chinese rare earth industry is not uncommon , Qingdao and Shenzhen customs authorities cracked several times in recent years, the amount of rare earth billion on major smuggling .

" black industry chain is the invasion of China 's rare earth industry . " person in charge of a number of rare earth enterprises generally believe that illegal mining, processing and sale of rare earth export activity is rampant , is a cancer affecting the healthy development of China 's rare earth industry , since 2012, the rare earth prices continued to slump, " Black RE " a large impact on the market is a big reason .

In the southern provinces of Jiangxi , rare earth mines scattered, private dug illegal mining of rare earth ore processing and sale of rare earth products, the phenomenon is repeatedly played without a break.

" In 2012, the Southern ionic rare earth ore mining production was 13,400 tons mandatory plan , but the statistical analysis of the data shows that in 2012 the South at least mine produced 37,000 tons , nearly 70 percent of unknown origin . " Secretary-General of China Rare Earth Industry Association马荣璋said.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology , an official at the previous meeting held on to say that the recent Chinese illegal, illegal mining and production is still relatively rare phenomenon seriously , in 2012 the country is expected to have illegal production over 40,000 tons , 5 illegal smelting separation products thousand tons .

"A lot of 'black Rare ' big impact on law-abiding businesses . "President Cui Jiangxi Rare Earth Industry Association , said the source sent to southern Jiangxi heavy rare earth mine , for example, rare earth ore per ton in the current 160,000 to 170,000 yuan per ton processing cost 40,000 to 50,000 yuan per tons environmental costs of 15,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan , count to do mining rights , resources tax and other expenses have been significantly higher than the current 170,000 yuan to 180,000 yuan per ton, the price of minerals integrated , leading it difficult for the law-abiding business following .


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Japan and Vietnam to jointly exploit rare earths

Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan 's recent visit to Vietnam, Naoto Kan, told the media that the decision to cooperate with Vietnam to build a nuclear power plant in Japan , and joint mining of rare earth . He said that cooperation between the two countries means that the two sides maintained close long-term bilateral relations , the two countries also marks a genuine partnership opens . Naoto Kan and Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung attended the signing ceremony of bilateral strategic partnership agreement .


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Lynas rare earth plant tired workers who died fell event

Since the plant out of the fatal accidents in Malaysia news release , Lynas 's stock lost more than 7%. Operations located in Kuantan Lynas LAMP opponents , are now calling on the official investigating the case when closed this plant . The company is located in the Sydney Stock Exchange fell 3.6 percent on Tuesday . This year, the Lynas share price has fallen 55.8% . April 2011 , when the share price reached its highest point Lynas , the market value of nearly $ 5 billion .

Extension workers and local government to allow a reasonable challenge from environmentalists and local residents to track the rare earth projects have been for several years, but LAMP is still only a temporary operating license .

In stark contrast with Linus , some of North America 's rare earth industry is experiencing particularly good day. Foreign occupation together with the Lynas rare earth market most of the U.S. supply of molybdenum company's share price soaring by more than 6% , the market value rose to $ 1.15 billion . Xiyouyuansu Resources and Avalon Rare Metals Company shares were up 7.5% and 5.3% , although the increase is exploring rare earth mining small point , but it reached 2.3%

Colorado company 's CEO recently pointed out , the light rare earth market outside China as long as there is a molybdenum company or companies and Lynas again a little small -scale participants will suffice. Heavy rare earth market , there are twelve projects abroad will be able to meet the demand.


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Rare earth prices temporarily steady turnover generally light

RE market continued dull , according to the manufacturers now reflect rare phenomenon of multiple upstream manufacturers to stop before the end of the period are in digest inventory , while the downstream NdFeB, phosphor material cut-off is widespread, so limited received purchase orders. Praseodymium , neodymium market today , according to Baotou manufacturers now reflect praseodymium neodymium metal prices remained at 395,000 , has accepted 390,000 yuan vendor shipments , but a small number, according to a factory in Ganzhou area , said it temporarily unable to accept 390,000 yuan / ton ship, praseodymium , neodymium metal prices are still 39.5-40 mainstream yuan / ton . Neodymium oxide, praseodymium market this week, prices stable , Baotou suppliers with ticket prices reflect the current in 30.5-30.8 yuan / ton, with no votes remained at 260,000 yuan / ton.

Europium, terbium market price temporarily remain stable for two days , the situation Ganzhou a vendor feedback is europium oxide with ticket prices are still concentrated in the 4,500 yuan / kg , terbium oxide with ticket 3500 yuan / kg , reduced demand due to lower , the actual market transactions stalemate, and more recent orders less dysprosium oxide .

Gadolinium products market , merchants offer no significant changes in individual businesses small adjustments . Currently , according to Baotou and Ganzhou suppliers reflect the current gadolinium iron with ticket prices at 16.5-16.8 yuan / ton , compared with last week's prices slightly down about 2 thousand dollars / ton. Gadolinium oxide market is steady , Ganzhou a supplier for nearly a week price remained at 155,000 yuan / ton, no significant adjustments.


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