Dysprosium (Dy, atomic number 66) was discovered in 1886 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran, but not isolated. The oxide and metal wasn’t available in relative pure form until 1950 when development of ion exchange separation and metallographic reduction techniques were created by Spedding and associates. Dysprosium occurs along with other rare earths in a variety of minerals such as: xenotime, fergusonite, gadolinite, euxenite, polycrase and blomstrandine. Monazite and bastnasite are the most important sources. Dysprosium can be prepared by reduction of the trifluoride with calcium. The metal is a metallic bright silver luster. Dysprosium is relatively stable in air temperature and is readily attacked and dissolved by dilute and concentrated mineral acids to evolve hydrogen. The metal is soft enough to be cut with a knife and can be machined without sparking if overheating is avoided. Small amounts of impurities can greatly affect its physical properties. Dysprosium is very reactive and therefore is stored in foil. Its thermal neutron absorption cross section and high melting point suggest metallurgical uses in nuclear control applications for alloying with special stainless steels.

                   

Some known uses for Dysprosium are as follows:
Strong, Permanent Magnets- dysprosium along with neodymium is used in the production of the world’s strongest permanent magnets. The magnets have high magnetic strength but lower weight. Such magnets are used in electronic motors to produce higher power and torque with much lower size and weight.
Hybrid/Electric Vehicles use these magnets.
Miniaturization of hard disk drives and many electronic devises also use these magnets.
Nuclear fuel rods- due to its ability to capture neutrons. It modulates how hot a nuclear reaction is getting. It is used in power stations to prevent nuclear reactions from getting out of control.
If mixed with cadmium and sulfur it can be used in devices that use infrared. Chemists use infrared quite often, when a sample/compound is radiated with infrared absorbance will occur. This is specific to stretching or bending. It is a way of scanning molecules and getting information about their composition and structure.
A dysprosium oxide-nickel cement can be used in cooling nuclear reactor rods. The cement absorbs neutrons readily without swelling or contracting under prolonged neutron bombardment.
Laser materials-in combination with other rare earths and vanadium, dysprosium has been used for laser materials.


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China’s rare earth matters to the world. Ganzhou which enjoy the fame as “the kingdom of rare earth”, has developed into the distributing and producing center for rare earth raw material and smelt process from a mere resource base in recent years, making Ganzhou rare earth industry  a one-stop industrial pattern. Yan Chunhua, a NPC delegate and the dean of National Key Lab has been in the research of rare earth for 30 year.

Yan suggested that laboratory of Key Universities and relevant department of Ganzhou should work together in constructing a National-class research center, and further accelerate innovation and enhance the added value of the products meanwhile he recommend to form a reserve system for rare earth resources. “rare earth is of strategic meaning to our country, our country should exploit rare earth resources rationally and buy then back at a reasonable price.

Yan confess that although our country is an important rare earth exporting country, we are still lag behind in high-end technology, our voice in the international market is pretty weak actually, the situation could undermine our national interests. “I propose to build a rare earth futures transaction platform in Ganzhou, that will be of great help in strengthening the price-setting power of our country.”

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In order to make the activity of preventing and combating illegal exploitation of rare earth and maintain a  good order in mining industry. Recently, the Authority of the County mine and Public Security Bureau in Dingnan have taken the approach of the combination of sentinel and mobile publicities to fight against on illegal mining rare earth for  two weeks .

The sentinel publicity: In the the county downtown and Weizhen set point public the special laws and regulations and policies about rare earth, accept masses consulting this activity.And then hand out more than 2,000 promotional copies of the fight against illegal rare earth mining to passers.

The mobile publicity: Pubilc rare earth mining laws and regulations ,which is in Mineral Resources Law of the People's Republic of China.And  public the stringent measures to combat illegal mining rare earth and report incentives, which is from the  Authority of the County mine and Public Security Bureau  . Through promotional vehicles with the  words "fight against on illegal mining rare earth" public the information and knowledge along the county to towns and villages repeatedly.


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On March 11th, Jiangsu Rare Earth Committee released publicly the operating data for provincial enterprices dealing with smelting operation  in January. In Which the total output and sales volume is 602.73 ton and 695.38 ton respectively, rising 29.88% and 36.98% compared with that of last year. export volume increase by 22.42% to 124.13ton on a year-on-year bases. With regard to output value and revenue, however, these enterprices has greatly droped in the two indices. the revenue in January is $28.61577 m, fell by 48.54% compared with last year, export value is $3.7104 m, declined 87.19%. Profit of these enterprises fell at a dramastic rate at 177.49%, the profit margin was $3.24789m.