What Are the Chemical Properties of Tungsten Diiodide(III)?

Tungsten diiodide is a class of inorganic compounds with a black powdery appearance that has the following chemical properties.

Toxicity

Tungsten diiodide is not harmful to the human body when it is low in air circulation, but in high concentrations, it can damage the lungs and pose a risk of poisoning. The toxicity of tungsten diiodide is evaluated by its chemical activity, oxidation, and reducibility as well as solid particle size. Tungsten diiodide is stable at room temperature, and based on the valency of tungsten element +2 at this time, it has the possibility of REDOX reaction. At the same time, tungsten diiodide appears as a solid powder, which is easy to inhale and irritates the respiratory tract and eyes, resulting in throat swelling and shortness of breath. Long-term exposure can lead to lung disease and thyroid problems. If the concentration is too high, there is a risk of poisoning.

Complexation

As a transition metal, tungsten has strong complexation ability and can generate various types of complexes. In the process of combining tungsten and iodine into tungsten diiodide, several molecules gather together and gradually form a new state of matter. This transition structure from atoms and molecules to bulk objects is called clusters, which is a special material level between macro and micro. Most of the clusters formed by tungsten diiodide are octahedral, and the molecular formula can be seen as W₆I₁₂. Thanks to the stability of the W-W bond, tungsten diiodide clusters tend to be stable at water or high temperatures (800 °C). In addition, tungsten diiodide clusters also have special photophysical properties. In the absence of oxygen, it shows long-life phosphorescence and a high quantum yield of excited triplet. In the presence of oxygen (air), these clusters can produce singlet oxygen with very high quantum yields.

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