Tungsten (W) metal and its alloys are amongst the hardest of all metals and tungsten itself has the highest melting point of all pure metals. The combination of its hardness and high temperature capabilities make it desirable for many commercial and industrial applications. Tungsten's range of properties also makes it difficult to substitute with other metals. It occurs as wolframite, which is an iron manganese tungstate mineral ([Fe, Mg]WO₄), and scheelite (CaWO₄). The major use for tungsten is within cemented carbides, which are also called hard metals. Tungsten carbide has a hardness approaching that of diamond and is used for cutting and in wear-resistant materials, primarily in the metalworking, mining, oil drilling and construction industries. Tungsten alloys are used also in electrodes, filaments (light bulbs), wires and components for electrical, heating, lighting and welding applications. Tungsten is used also in chemical applications, including as catalysts, as well as pigments for paints. Ferrotungsten (FeW) is a high value-added intermediate product and is used in steels and alloys where hardness and heat resistance are required. Tungsten is commonly supplied as mineral concentrates typically with 65% or more contained tungsten trioxide (WO₃). A number of secondary tungsten compounds are also important. These include ammonium paratungstate (APT), tungsten trioxide (WO₃), ferrotungsten (FeW), tungsten carbide (WC), as well as tungsten metal.

 

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With the demands of chemical fiber products increasing, as its essential part, nozzle plays an important role in the quality, lifespan and efficiency of the products. Although pottery nozzle has long lifespan, it cost too much. And tungsten carbide nozzle has lower cost, but its lifespan is shorter than pottery nozzle. Therefore, deep cryogenic improves tungsten carbide nozzle, enhances the hardness and toughness, and extends the lifespan of nozzle. For chemical fiber tungsten carbide nozzle, its main failure mode is erosion, which because of the impact of chemical fiber under external mechanical force. So-called deep cryogenic is a kind of technology that put the material in -190℃-230℃, which applies to carbides, plastic, aluminum, tungsten carbide and pottery, etc.























Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
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The principle of deep cryogenic technology is that when the metal and hard to cool down in the heat treatment process, which alloy dissolves in carbon and combines with it for forming austenite. In the cooling process, due to the low temperature and suppression, martensite come into being, whose final transition point is very low. Austenite is very unstable at low temperature and easy to break down so that the original defects (pores and internal stress concentration portion) into a plastic flow and structure refinement, which leads austenite turn into martensite and internal stress relief under ultra-low temperature.

Martensitic matrix separates out the large number of ultra-fine carbide precipitation, which increases the strength and the wear resistance of materials. In the 1980s, the United States, Japan and other countries have emerged a number of specialized cryogenic processing company, which covers tools, gear, abrasives, high-speed steel, tungsten carbide, cobalt-based alloys and extends the lifespan up to 5-10 times.























Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email:  sales@chinatungsten.com
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YG cemented carbide traditional sintering and new microwave sintering has a similarity that both methods are based on the angular WC grains skeleton embedded in Co as binder phase matrix. Difference between them can be observed by a scanning electron microscope, which uses microwave sintering technology YG cement carbide bonded phase sintering almost no presence of W. However, using traditional sintering, which YG tungsten carbide bonded phase sintering of W up to 20%. Meanwhile, microwave sintering using new technology and making WC grains smaller, distribute more uniformly than traditional sintering.

Therefore, the material by microwave is harder and tougher, whose anti-corrosion is 6 times better than the nozzle by traditional sintering. In addition, microwave sintering temperature is lower than traditional sintering, which prevent grains from growing up.























Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email:  sales@chinatungsten.com
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
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