Tungsten Copper Throat Insert Used For Rocket

Tungsten copper throat insert fabricated by the infiltration process, which not only has high hardness, high density, high strength, high melting point, low coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent wear and corrosion resistance of W, but also has excellent ductility, thermal and electrical conductivity of Cu. What’s more, since there is a great difference in the melting point between W and Cu, at high temperature higher than the melting point of Cu, Cu will evaporate and take away the most of heat and the hard phase W left. So it ensures the stability of throat insert works, and tungsten copper is also known as sweating heat sink material.

Through related experiments the researchers found that coarse grain has better performance in thermal shock resistance and poor in ablation resistance, conversely. Rocket spray tube entrained within particles or liquid phase stream high burning rate will continue to scour throat insert, and this two-phase flow weakly oxidizing, such throat insert constantly ablated, which is a complex physical and chemical process covered by heat conduction, mass conduction, transmission capacity and chemical reactions. According to different ablation principles, it can be specifically divided into thermal ablation, melted ablation and mechanical erosion. When the surface temperature of tungsten copper throat insert is higher, melted copper was deposited on the inner surface, which will cause thermal effect and prevent heat transfer to the inside of the material.

In addition, when the gas temperature below the melting point of tungsten, tungsten skeleton does not melt, ablation occurs at this time of the melting of copper and tungsten substrate by gas particles (such as Al2O3) erosion produced by mechanical erosion. Currently, copper tungsten throat insert prepared have been able to successfully applied to 3600 ℃, 6.88MPa under thermal environment at this temperature above the melting point of W, tungsten skeleton is also possible to melt ablation. From the view point of throat insert structure, improving the roughness and prolonging the length of the straight section can remarkably improve the ablation resistance of throat insert. 

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