Special Term for Dart Game(I)

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 16:12

There are some special term for dart game as follow:

Term Meaning
ARROWS Means dart.
BABY TON score is 95,usually means the point is 5×19.
BAG O' NUTS score is 95,
Barn Dart Third darts without hit two darts when aim at the objective in the first round.
BARREL It is means the later pinpoint of dart when you scratch  
BASEMENT Twofold of three
BREAKFAST Continue achieve the score of 5,20,1 in the number one dart game.
Bombs/Bombers Bigger or heaver dart
BUCKET OF NAILS Three dart heat the 1 zone.
BUCKSHOT Dart hit everywhere without any direction.
BULL The central of dartboard
BULLSEYE The central of dartboard
BUST In this round cannot record the score for too much points in the first round.
C There is a one time to record point in the Cricket match. such as T20-S20-S20,its called C-5，for it hit five times
CHUCKER Throw the dart without aiming at the bull's eye.
CIRCLE IT If one people just got point within 10,his teammate can call the record keeper to lock up.
CLOCK dartboard
CORK The central of dartboard
DIDDLE FOR MIDDLE Throw a dart, if close to the bulls eye, then can begin first.
DOUBLE The outside of dartboard have a rung ,if hit there, we can record double points.
DOUBLE IN We need hit the double zone, then we can record the points
DOUBLE OUT If we want win the game we need to hit the double zone.
DOUBLE TOP Hit the double of the area of 20.
DOUBLE TROUBLE Cannot hit the double zone.
DOWNSTAIRS The beside part of dartboard. it is means the zone of 19 points.
EASY IN We cannot throw darts extra when dart game begins.
FEATHERS The tail of darts.

 

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Violet Tungsten Oxide

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 11:13
Violet tungsten oxide (VTO) is a kind of tungsten oxide. Violet tungsten oxide is a finely divided violet crystalline powder. It is produced by rotary calcining ammonium paratungstate at closely controlled temperatures in a reducing atmosphere. Violet tungsten oxide is used primarily for the production of tungsten metal powder and tungsten carbide.
 
 
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Tungsten Blue Oxide Uses

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 11:10
Blue tungsten oxide (BTO) is also called tungsten blue oxide (TBO). Tungsten blue oxide is one of the most important, highly pure intermediates for the production of other tungsten compounds including tungsten metal powder.
 
Tungsten blue oxides are finely divided blue-violet powders.They are produced by heating ammonium paratungstate at closely controlled temperatures in a reducing atmosphere. GTP produces two standard grades differing mainly in oxygen content. Tungsten blue oxide is used primarily for the production of tungsten metal powder and fine tungsten carbide as well as wire products.
 
 
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Partial Thermal Reduction of Ammonium Paratungstate Tetrahydrate

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 11:05

Thermal decomposition of ammonium paratungstate tetrahydrate, (NH4)10[H2W12O42]·4H2O has been followed by simultaneous TG/DTA and online evolved gas analysis (TG/DTA-MS) in flowing 10% H2/Ar directly up to 900°C. Solid intermediate products have been structurally evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). A previously unexplained exothermic heat effect has been detected at 700–750°C. On the basis of TG/DTA as well as H2O and NH3 evolution curves and XRD patterns, it has been assigned to the formation and crystallization heat of γ-tungsten-oxide (WO2.72/W18O49) from β-tungsten-oxide (WO2.9/W20O58) and residual ammonium tungsten bronze.

 

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Tungsten Oxide Nanowires

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 11:03
Tungsten oxide nanowires were prepared by a vapor transport method using yellow tungsten oxide powder as a raw material. The crystal structure and morphology of WO3 nanowires were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained nanowires were hexagonal WO3.
 
The major factors that influenced the morphology were the furnace temperature and the substrate position. The diameter of the nanowires decreased as the distance of the substrate from the raw material increased. Sensors were fabricated by pouring a few drops of nanowire-suspended ethanol onto oxidized Silicon substrates equipped with a pair of interdigitated Pt electrodes. The sensor made of the nanowires as thin as 50 nm showed the highest response to NO2 at a low operating temperature of 100 °C. The temperature dependence of the response was discussed in relation to the formation of NO2− and NO3− ions on the surface of WO3. The response slightly increased with decreasing diameter if the nanowires are regional depleted in NO2, while it largely increased if the nanowires are in volume depletion. A theoretical calculations based on assumptions were proposed in order to clarify the correlation between the nanowire response and their diameter.
 
 
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A Re-investigation of Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Paratungstate

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 11:02

The thermal decomposition of monoclinic ammonium paratungstate (APT) and amorphous ammonium metatungstate (AMT) has been studied over the temperature range 20 to 500° C using thermogravimetry, evolved gas analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. A mechanism of decomposition which postulates the formation and subsequent decomposition of various lower ratio tungstates is proposed and substantiated by the experimental data.

 

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Yellow Tungsten Oxide

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 10:56
Yellow tungsten oxide (WO3) is a chemical compound containing the transition metal tungsten and oxygen. It is obtained as an intermediate in the recovery of tungsten from its minerals. To a large extent, exact time and temperature control determines the physical characteristics of the tungsten oxide. Yellow tungsten oxide is a finely divided yellow crystalline powder.
 
Tungsten oxide is used for the production of tungsten metal powder or as a pigment for ceramics and paints due to its rich yellow color. Yellow tungsten oxide (WO3) is also used as material for tungsten oxide nanowires. Tungsten oxide nanowires were prepared by a vapor transport method using yellow tungsten oxide powder as a raw material.
 
Two commercial grades are available:
1. Tungsten blue oxide WO2.97 has a deep blue colour.
2. Tungsten yellow oxide WO3 has a yellow to bright green colour.
 
 
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Influence of Synthesis Conditions on Tungsten Oxide Functional Properties

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 10:51
Knowledge of the relation between the synthesis conditions of specific metal oxide and its functional properties is important for the possible application of metal oxides in advanced technologies. The chemical and physical properties of tungsten oxide are generally dependent on the route of their synthesis.
 
Tungsten oxide and its hydrates can be synthesized using various chemical methods, such as ‘wet’ chemical precipitation, hydrolysis of tungsten alkoxide or thermal decomposition of tungsten salts. The WO3 films on various substrates can also be prepared using various vacuum techniques. Modification of the chemical or physical route within the same method also influences the resulting properties of the synthesized material.
 
 
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Where Is Tungsten Oxide From?

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 10:43
Tungsten oxide is obtained from the minerals scheelite, wolframite, ferberite. It is insoluble in H2O and acids, but soluble in hot alkalis.
 
Intermediates, such as tungsten trioxide, tungsten blue oxide, tungstic acid, and ammonium metatungstate can be derived from APT, either by partial or complete thermal decomposition or by chemical attack.
 
Stoichiometric compounds such as W20O58, W18O49 or WO2 are formed intermediately during the reduction process and can be isolated by interrupting the reduction process at the selected reduction state.
 
 
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MSDS of Tungsten Bar(d)

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Category: Tungsten Information
Published on Thursday, 05 February 2015 09:01

REACTIVITY DATA

Stability:

Unstable

 

Conditions to Avoid: N/A

Stable

X

    Incompatibility: Contact with dust with strong oxidizers may cause fire or explosions.

Materials to Avoid: Strong Acids

Hazardous Decomposition Products: None

Hazardous Polymerization:

May Occur

 

Conditions to Avoid: N/A

Will not Occur

X


 

SPILL OR LEAKS PROCEDURES

 Steps to be Taken In Case Material is Released or Spilled: Ventilate area of spill. Clean up using methods which avoid dust  generation such as vacuum (with appropriate filter to prevent airborne dust levels which exceed the PEL or TLV), wet dust mop  or wet clean-up. If airborne dust is generated, use appropriate NIOSH approved respirator.

 Waste Disposal Method: Dispose of in accordance with appropriate government regulations. May be sold as scrap for reclaim.


tungsten-bar


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