Tungsten- rhenium thermocouples is 60 years developed a high-temperature thermocouples, tungsten / ( tungsten- rhenium -26 ) , ( -3 tungsten rhenium ) / ( -25 tungsten rhenium ) , ( tungsten- rhenium -5 ) / ( W - 26 rhenium ) and ( tungsten rhenium -5 ) / ( -20 tungsten rhenium ), etc. Long-term use temperature of 2000 ~ 2400 ℃, short-term use up to 3000 ℃. In the low-temperature thermocouples , ( copper -2.1 cobalt ) / Cu thermocouple, the 10K or more thermoelectric power greater than 10μV / K; gold contains trace amounts ( about 0.07 atomic percent ) alloy of iron and nickel-chromium alloy thermocouples at liquid helium temperature (4K) thermoelectric power greater than 10μV / K, all the better . ( Pt -0.1 Mo ) / ( Pt -5 Mo ) , ( Pt -1 Mo ) / ( Pt -5 Mo ) and tungsten , and 0.5 to 1 ( atomic% ) alloy of osmium and rhenium tungsten alloy thermocouples etc. can be used in the nuclear radiation conditions . In addition to metallic materials, graphite and other non-metallic materials, refractory compounds can also be used as high temperature thermocouples. The advantage of such materials are high melting point , high temperature stability, high thermal potential and thermoelectric power , etc. ; drawback is brittle materials , graphite is easy to absorb moisture and changes in thermal resistance , poor reproducibility , but also in research and development into . Such thermocouples with carbon / graphite , graphite / carbide , carbide / carbide .

Tungsten- rhenium thermocouples ! Generally in a vacuum or reducing atmosphere used , if the transmission distance is long , it requires specialized wire compensation .

Tungsten- rhenium thermocouple as an excellent high-temperature measurement sensor , the maximum temperature can reach 2800 ℃, is currently measured temperature above 1800 ℃ better contact industrial thermocouples, are widely used in aero-engine plume exploration , petrochemical heavy oil cracking furnace, coal gasification , metallurgical atmosphere furnace , nuclear reactor core temperature measurement. tungsten rhenium thermocouple wire in an inert gas and dry hydrogen thermoelectric properties stable, but vulnerable in an oxidizing atmosphere oxidation at different oxygen partial oxidization of the linear , when a very complete oxidation of the material properties which cause a qualitative change , it will lead to fundamental changes in thermoelectric properties .

1 In order to make the tungsten rhenium thermocouple wire used in an oxidizing atmosphere , and foreign scholars have done a lot of research, using a variety of oxidation technology so that it can be applied to an oxidizing atmosphere , for example , the coating protection law, taking the sealing Protection Act , taking the inflatable seal protection law, fill seal protection law.

2 , but on the tungsten rhenium thermocouple wire in nitrogen , high temperature stability of carbon in the environment has not been reported in this study through the tungsten rhenium thermocouples field failure analysis , discussion in nitrogen, high-temperature carbon environment, tungsten failure of rhenium thermocouples , has obvious theoretical significance and practical value !

Are many types of thermocouples , thermocouple domestic industry is widely used for the current product quality and classification of the different manufacturers , product quality and performance has a different problem , as technology continues to improve , the product and quality of life has made ​​great progress !


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High-performance tungsten rhenium alloy project role significance ( direct economic and social benefits )

1 ) Direct Economic Benefits : in 2008 , the production of tungsten rhenium wire 10 million meters or more, thick wire is higher than 75% of total finished goods ; sales income of 200 million yuan, profit of 500,000 yuan ; 2009 , to achieve industrialization.

2 ) Social Significance : Tungsten -3 rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire is mainly used for the electron gun , TCD filament , packaging and testing probe cards , etc., as rhenium alloy element distribution uniformity and processing difficulty is high, products are mostly dependent on imports , the project By improving the level of technology and equipment level , successfully prepared tungsten rhenium alloy wire , and to achieve mass production, downstream manufacturers to meet domestic requirements , to replace imported tungsten rhenium wire , to fill the domestic blank, rich variety of high-end products, tungsten , and promote China development of deep processing power to tungsten .

High-performance tungsten rhenium alloy project promotion prospects

The project has achieved mass production , and achieve good economic returns , the products are mainly used in the electron gun , TCD filament , packaging and testing probe cards. In recent years , China's rapid development of chip production , China's manufacturing base has become the chip packaging and testing requirements of the test probe cards is growing, packaging and testing for the project with a tungsten rhenium wire probe card provides a broad development prospects .

Tungsten- rhenium alloy excellent thermoelectric properties and a high melting point , making it the highest maximum temperature contact method of the material , measurable 2800 ℃ high temperature . As fast thermocouple, use in the metallurgical industry steel and tungsten rhenium thermocouples measure the temperature of molten iron in the chemical industry in the tungsten- rhenium thermocouples used instead of expensive platinum-rhodium thermocouple . This helps greatly reduce costs, but also for the tungsten rhenium alloy explore a wider range of ways to apply . By a combination of a tungsten rhenium alloy wire thermocouple to measure the temperature of the upper electrode is close to the melting point of the rich rhenium . Compare with other thermocouples , tungsten rhenium thermocouple output thermoelectric power maximum , the highest sensitivity , thermoelectric power increases with the rhenium content increased.

Thus, the completion of the project to achieve a tungsten -3 rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire production, in the next phase , the tungsten rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire -3 preparation techniques , based on improved equipment and processes through exploration, accumulated successful experience and data for other types of post- tungsten alloy development and lay a solid technology, tungsten, rhenium and tungsten -26 -20 rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire production, tungsten- rhenium alloy systematically expand the company's product range and product quality, reserves to rely on technology to improve the company's competitiveness and profitability , instead of high-end imported tungsten rhenium wire.


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Tungsten -3 rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire is mainly used for the electron gun , TCD filament , packaging and testing probe card, the alloying element rhenium uniformity and processing difficulty, products are mostly dependent on imports , the project by improving the level of technology and equipment level , successfully prepared tungsten rhenium alloy wire , and to achieve mass production, downstream manufacturers to meet domestic requirements , to replace imported tungsten rhenium wire, mainly used in electronics technology, high-temperature alloy technology and aerospace technology and other aspects :

Tube material often subject to temperature changes and strong vibration , tube filament tungsten rhenium alloy wire used , a wide composition range . Requires high -performance anti- sagging filament , generally doped tungsten -3 rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire , requiring good low temperature ductility filament , usually tungsten -20 -25 rhenium tungsten rhenium and tungsten rhenium alloy wire. Satellite tubes require long life, high reliability , anti- vibration , launch satellites , tubes typically are exposed to 5-8G acceleration of gravity , -3 rhenium tungsten filament material requires tungsten rhenium alloy wire as the filament in order to meet the requirements.

Medical treatment machines and industrial inspection machines accelerated electron gun filament heated tungsten rhenium alloy wire must be used , while ensuring the performance requirements , to meet the long life requirements.

Folding pressure rectifier filament choose tungsten rhenium alloy wire production, not brittle , splitting fracture , rectifier electrical parameters of good consistency.
Tungsten- rhenium alloy is also used in the X-ray tube anode target target surface , the radiation effect, electron impact resistance performance is good , focal path loss, the focus is small, reducing the anode angle , the rotation is an excellent anode material. Tungsten- rhenium alloy target having a tungsten target both high penetration ability, and a molybdenum target and good color characteristics, in practice , the use of low voltage, for different thickness of the soft tissue , light metals and nonmetal soft X radiographs , with good results ; using a high voltage , it has the same effect as the tungsten target , as a target multipurpose .

Many commonly used electrical switch contact material into a car horn contacts and ignition contacts, voltage regulator contacts , telephone contacts and so on. In operation, the friction between each pair of contacts and spark erosion and high frequency characteristics of the contact , the contact material shall satisfy the following requirements, such as materials, contact resistance, arc volt-ampere characteristics and erosion rates of small and small , tungsten- rhenium alloy contact material is used for the development of new products in recent years , its performance can be used with platinum, rhodium and other noble metal contact material comparable.

In short , tungsten rhenium alloys are widely used in resistor technology , thermal control , modern nuclear technology, astronautics technology, high temperature technology , instrumentation , power vacuum , electrical contact and wear-resistant materials.

High-performance tungsten rhenium alloy completion of the project to achieve a tungsten -3 rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire production, but only this one type of tungsten- rhenium wire unable to enter the high-temperature thermocouple industry , in the next phase , rhenium tungsten -3 tungsten- rhenium alloy wire preparation techniques , based on improved equipment and processes through exploration, accumulated successful experience and data , other types of tungsten alloy for late development and lay a solid technology, tungsten, rhenium and tungsten -26 -20 rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire production.


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High-performance tungsten rhenium alloy production must first address the element rhenium alloy homogeneous distribution, which is the production of tungsten rhenium alloy wire preparation of the core technology ; swaged , annealing and drawing process parameters and process selection is tungsten- rhenium alloy wire thermal deformation processing of key technologies.

The Innovation of This Project Is To :

A ) the introduction of the food industry used in the medical use of horizontal mixing pot doping , the use of two solid-liquid doping process , to ensure the amount of rhenium and homogeneous distribution of elements are added at the same time , ensure that potassium alloy , aluminum, sulfur content in a certain range .

2 ) tungsten- rhenium alloys with rhenium solid solution strengthening effect now , alloy hardening speed, using a small compression ratio , the corresponding annealing point selection , the successful introduction of
3.7mm tungsten rod to protect high hydrogen annealing process and protection of the filament is energized hydrogen annealing solution annealing process of oxidation caused by burning and tungsten- rhenium combustion phenomenon.

Doping the second liquid , a liquid doping - pickling process , to ensure potassium alloys , aluminum and sulfur contents of the required range of the alloy ; medical food into the pot as a dopant doped with horizontal , 30kg pickling tungsten powder and the amount of ammonium perrhenate solution was stirred until dry, combination through this process to ensure that the ammonium perrhenate crystals wrapped in each uniform surface tungsten particles precipitated , makes the material in the hydrogen reduction process occurs pre-alloyed for homogeneous distribution of rhenium tungsten rhenium alloy wire to provide an initial ingredients guaranteed.

Tungsten- rhenium alloys with rhenium solid solution strengthening effect now , alloy hardening speed, using a small compression ratio , the corresponding annealing point selection , the successful introduction of hydrogen tungsten rod 3.7mm induction annealing process and the protection of the filament is energized hydrogen annealing protection solution cause oxidation during annealing and tungsten- rhenium burning combustion phenomenon, determined from the whole of 17mm ~ 2mg/200mm tungsten thermal deformation process , a small compression ratio and 7 times the annealing process combination processing to the diameter 0.39mm tungsten single weight of not less than 2.8kg, has reached the international advanced level.


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