Tungsten Carbide Industry Being Developed Deep Processing Tools Area

Metal machinery manufacturing, machining is the most basic and reliable means of precision machining, mechanical, electrical, electronic and other modern industrial sector plays an important role. Machining technology development, the most recent history is the history of the development of the tool material. The new tool materials can greatly improve cutting production rate, improve processing accuracy, surface quality and expand the processing areas, reduce tool consumption, access to a huge economic benefits. The new tool materials for the development of machinery manufacturing plays a huge role in promoting. Therefore, the development, promotion and use of new materials is an important part of the new machinery manufacturing technology revolution.
Tungsten carbide is a new information tool, due to its high hardness, wear resistance and compressive strength, with more chaos chemical resistance, adhesion and heat resistance, excellent performance, and its tools high hardness materials cutting efficiency 5-10 times high speed steel cutting tools and machining speed steel cutting tools can not be processed, and therefore the tool data, according to a large proportion.

Meet the needs of modern science and technology development, to the precision of the direction, to enter since the seventies, in modern machining, cutting tools with carbide cutting inserts dimensional accuracy remarkable progress, therefore, carbide production manufacturers are constantly advances its product precision. For example, in some developed countries have phased out the U grade carbide precision. Many Carbide Die size has reached micron level precision, and even some have reached the end of ultrafine meter level.
Adaptation requirements produce sophisticated products, better technology and production equipment. Late sixties introduced carbide produced in the field of hot isostatic pressing, and seventies migration to Carbide production in the field of spray-drying technique, cemented carbide production process are a big step forward, In recent years, low-pressure hot isostatic clean burning equipment and technology to make carbide products density close to the theoretical value of up to 99.999%, significantly advances the quality of products.

In order to improve processing efficiency and adapt to the new requirements of automated machine tools, we developed a number of new carbide, such as ultra-fine fine carbide, gradient cemented carbide, carbide duplex, self-lubricating alloy, nanoscale hard alloy, super-hard coating layer of hard alloy. Meanwhile tungsten carbide industry forward depth processing tool areas.
Tungsten carbide consumption in our country although Unfettered unfolded after emerging industry, but carried out rapidly, especially after the reform and opening up, the emergence of independent growing trend. Currently, carbide production in the country has been in the forefront of the world, the product brands, models also more fully, and has many product quality has reached the international advanced level, the output value and profits to grow steadily.tungsten carbide cutting tools

 

Tungsten Trioxide in Photoelectric Field

Tungsten oxide has wide range of crystal types and sub-stoichiometric composition, the multi-functional transition metal oxide with innate tunnels and oxygen vacancies. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is a versatile material, and widely used in many important areas because of its flexible structure and cation insertion state, particularly in coloration devices; In addition, tungsten trioxide is also used as a photocatalyst to capture solar energy for environmental purification and fuel production, to provide a new strategy to solve the energy and environmental crises.
 
Recently, researcher of Suzhou Institute of Nano has developed tungsten oxide which can be used in photoelectric field, and published articles about it. 
 
Tungsten oxide uses in photoelectric field, and some of the latest research progress about its applications are as following:
1. Pt-WO3 as a visible driven photocatalyst, its removal rate about gaseous acetaldehyde is higher than both commercial WO3 and N-doped titanium dioxide;
2. The process for preparing Pt loaded WO3 nanotubes diagram is as follows;

preparation diagram of WO3 nanometer carrying Ptyellow tungsten oxide picture
 
3. WO3 octahedral with acidified surface exhibits excellent photocatalytic reduction activity to the heavy metal ions;
4. Tungsten oxide catalysts with different content of oxygen vacancies will result in the large difference of methane yield under the different illumination time, wherein the tungsten trioxide with no oxygen vacancies has no activity in this reaction which indicates that it is oxygen vacancies which cause tungsten trioxide has reduction activity;
5. The energy level alignment of oxygen defects of tungsten oxide nanosheets shows that the enhanced light trapping capability of ultraviolet visible to near-infrared region will cause the increasing of photocurrent of tungsten oxide nanosheets;
6. The ECD coloration efficiency comparison of nano sheet and chunk WO3•2H2O showed that ECD coloration efficiency based on the nano-sheet is much greater than that which based on chunk WO3•2H2O;
7. Al3+ as the inserted ion of the main body--purple tungsten oxide (W18O49), has high contrast and good stability of ECD.

 

Hydrogen Doped WO3 Plasmon Nanostructure

hydrogen tungsten bronze HxWO3 pictureSince the importance of plasmon nanostructure in areas of nano photonics, biochemical sensing and medical diagnostics ect., manufacturing technology of plasma nanostructure has recently caused a lot focus for people researching. By controlling the size, shape and composition of plasma nanostructures, one can adjust its optical and electrical properties over a wide range. With the advent of nanoscience and nanotechnology, plasmon nanostructure has developed rapidly, the coherent oscillations of free electron has on the incident light will cause localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the structure; besides, this phenomenon is associated with optical near field zoom, and has been used in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), biological testing and energy storage and conversion and other aspects.
 
Recently, Chinese and Japanese researchers have prepared hydrogen doped tungsten trioxide (WO3) and MoO3 which are named hydrogen molybdenum bronze and hydrogen tungsten bronze through a simple process of H-overflow method, the two substances showed strong localized surface plasmon resonance in the visible region. In addition, the researchers found that the adjustable plasmon resonance could be observed in a wide range by varying the stoichiometric composition; furthermore, this phenomenon is directly related with decreasing temperature, type of metal, the property of metal oxide which supports hydrogen reduction reaction and size as well as the oxidation treatment in the synthesis process. This result has provided direct evidence for in a hydrogen-doped metal oxides (such as WO3, etc.) to achieve a semiconductor plasmon resonance, and may allow the large-scale application of cheap and abundant element on Earth.
 
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is a transition metal semiconductor with special N-type structure, the yellow or bright green crystalline powder, which is stable at room temperature, and extensively for preparation of tungsten metal and tungsten carbide powder; because of its special properties, it is widely used in the industry catalyst, photocatalyst, sensor, fireproof fabric, anti-radiation and other aspects.

 

Tungsten Carbide Equipment Solve Partial Wearing Problem

Recently, the Yumen Oilfield Oil Production Plant oil duck children gorge team technical team leader Li Ning serious stare duck K1-10 wellsite conceal his face is delighted: "Since the use of this device, which I often need surgery well made no been ill, and now we can rest assured that in other to promote the use of the well. "
Duck children Gorge Reservoir Oil Production Plant complex geological structure, oil prone eccentric wear phenomenon. Previously, in order to prevent eccentric wear caused by oil bar broken off, oil wells team technical team to install anti-eccentric wear equipment. Employees also use the opportunity well underground work, from a downhole sucker rod section hoop, pump, tubing head thread and other downhole equipment to conduct a comprehensive inspection. However, anti-bias milling equipment still could not really solve the oil well pumping unit section hoop, threaded tubing head appeared eccentric wear problems. Especially in recent years duck children gorge horizontal wells increased, accounting for 70% of new drilling, pump hanging in 1900-2100 meters, displacement of up to 200 meters above the bottom, resulting in serious eccentric wear rod, using up more than 120 days will be break off occurs.

Since the beginning of this year, for the control of oil wells due to the occurrence of breaking off caused by multiple rounds lie well, duck child Gap oil technology group team counting finer benefits account. And repeated the repair and replacement of equipment, is bound to increase costs, affecting the normal production wells.
After then, the duck child Gap oil oil drilling teams to coordinate the Institute of plant and machinery, and the geological structure of the reservoir section hoop, tubing head material such as a comprehensive analysis of the carbide homemade device. Grindability in the well area installed in the underground ring segment added centralizer re-optimize the portfolio by carbide strength and good finish, reduced wear resistance. Duck child Gap oil production crew through an annular segment downhole added centralizer re-optimize the adjustment, prevent breaking off the hoop section, extending well exemption period.

Li Ning said: "We selected four sections hoop and tubing head screw serious eccentric wear wells may be used, the effects were good, especially the duck duck K1-10 and K1-15 well well, since after the equipment installed on the carbide never happened broken off. Tungsten carbide equipment not only solves the problem of partial wear well, but also reduces the cost of repair of oil wells. " Next, duck children gorge on oil production crew will be easy to promote the use of eccentric wear wells carbide devices.

tungsten carbide equipment

 

WO3 Contained Ultra-Low Overpotential Oxygen Evolution Catalyst

oxygen evolution Fe-Co-W catalystHydrogen is an excellent energy carrier, and the way of solar-powered electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is an effective method for energy storage. In the traditional SPEWE, since the high oxygen evolution potential, oxygen will cause serious dissolution to the carrier of carbon; in the oxygen evolution reaction process, dissolution and passivation of anode will occur and to shorten its live when electrode with high oxygen evolution overpotential working under the high potential. The presence of multiple high-energy intermediate state makes the oxygen evolution reaction one of the most difficult steps in the electrolyzed water. Thus, the preparation of ultra-low overpotential oxygen evolution catalyst will help to achieve efficient electrolysis of water.
 
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) as the photolysis of water oxygen evolution catalyst is compelling and some researching success have been made, such as WO3 photolysis aquatic oxygen evolution, and the optimum oxygen production under visible light is about 79.9μmol / (L.h); by controlling chemical potential can significantly improve the stability of WO3’s photocatalytic activity, ect..
 
Not long ago, an international research team of Canada, China and the United States developed a colloidal Fe-Co-W oxyhydroxides multi-metal oxygen evolution catalyst with the lowest oxygen evolution overpotential so far. That oxygen evolution catalyst regulates the electronic structure of iron, cobalt by adding tungsten, and they prepared the catalyst innovatively under room temperature by sol-gel method, since the lower sol each metal atom can achieve a homogeneous mix of different metal oxides to avoid lattice mismatched phase separation. Fe, Co, and WO3 homogeneously disperse in this gel catalyst from the atomic scale to have excellent catalytic performance. In addition, the subsequent heat treatment of catalyst has found that, after 500 ℃ annealing heat treatment, the oxygen evolution potential of colloidal Fe-Co-W oxyhydroxides multi-metal oxygen evolution catalyst will rise and cause its catalytic lower. This research result has found a new direction for further optimization of the oxygen evolution catalyst, and expected to be widely used in energy conversion and storage.

 

 

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