To speed up the application and promotion of cleaner production of rare earth industry advanced technology , improve the industry clean production levels , significantly reduce emissions intensity , the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology recently released the " rare earth industry clean production technology implementation plan " ( hereinafter referred to as " implementation plan" ) , requires the relevant rare earth enterprises should implement cleaner production technology , as a fundamental way to enhance the technical level and core competitiveness, the prevention and reduction of pollutants from the source to achieve clean development.

Cleaner production is imperative

Because many kinds of rare earth minerals , most low -grade , polymetallic symbiosis, complex composition and REE similar nature , and therefore difficult to separate . Meanwhile , China's rare earth mining, processing , separation exists backward production techniques and technology , serious damage to vegetation , causing soil erosion and soil pollution , acidification , making crop production even crops .

In ionic heavy rare earth mine , the past behind using heap leaching , leaching pools , each producing one ton of rare earth oxides to produce about 2,000 tons of tailings, at present, the use of more advanced Although in situ leaching process , but still inevitably produce large amounts of ammonia , heavy metals and other pollutants, destruction of vegetation , polluted surface water, groundwater and farmland. In terms of the light rare earth mine , mostly were associated polymetallic ore, smelting , separation process produces large amounts of toxic and harmful gases, high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen waste , radioactive waste and other pollutants.

In some places because of over-exploitation of rare earth , also caused landslides , river blockage, sudden environmental pollution incidents , and even cause major accidents, disasters , significant loss of life to the public health and the environment . The restoration and management of ecological environment, has become a heavy burden on some of the rare areas , environmental issues are increasingly becoming a bottleneck restricting the development of rare earth industry issues . Rare earth smelting and separation of rare earth industry has become the development process of China's most serious pollution problems in the field , to carry out clean production of rare earth smelting areas is imperative .

Policy landing to be rooting

In recent years, China has become more aware of the importance and necessity of environmental protection, resource conservation are from the extensive development , environment-friendly changes , prevention and control efforts on non-ferrous metals industry and heavy metal contamination is constantly increasing . In the rare side, in April 2011 , the ministry has embarked on corporate environmental verification of rare earth , rare earth enterprises mainly produce safety and emissions standards and other aspects of the requirements made ​​clear , as has been announced the four batches of 87 environmental compliance list of enterprises , of which 58 enterprises with smelting separation ; metal smelting enterprises 15 ; utilization enterprises 4 ; application of rare earth enterprises 4 ; mining enterprises 6 .

To further accelerate the rare earth industry, advanced technology application and promotion of cleaner production , improve the industry clean production level, in February 2014 , the Ministry issued the " implementation plan " to encourage enterprises to technological innovation , in terms of energy saving for a higher rare earth enterprises requirements in order to prevent and reduce pollutants from the source of production to achieve the clean development , the four main propulsion cleaner production technologies , including carbon -containing salt -free ammonia separation and purification technology of rare earth oxides , rare earth concentrate low sulfated dynamic roasting technology, two clean production technology demonstration projects ; non- saponification extraction and separation of rare earth technology , blur / linkage extraction and separation processes , such as two projects to promote cleaner production technologies .

" Implementation plan" requirement , to 2017 , to accelerate low-carbon low-salt -free ammonia separation and purification technology of rare earth oxides pace of industrialization and marketing applications , completed the industrialization demonstration of rare earth concentrates low sulfated dynamic roasting technology to achieve separation of rare earth smelting the process of reduction of the amount of acid , and improve resource utilization efficiency ; achieve non- saponification extraction and separation of rare earth technology penetration rate of 50% ; fuzzy / linkage extraction and separation processes penetration of 85%.

It is understood that four current technology is the key technology of the rare earth industry clean production , through the promotion of these technologies can save hydrochloric acid ( 30% ) 120,000 tons / year , sodium hydroxide ( 30% ) 373,000 tons / year or ammonia 50,000 tons / year of ammonia in wastewater emissions 53,000 tons / year. However, the current non- saponification extraction and separation of rare earth technology penetration is less than 10 %, while the blur / linkage extraction and separation processes penetration is only 40% to 50 % larger and the " implementation plan " requirements gap, which requires government departments strengthen " implementation plan" implementation efforts.

Indicator system to boost implementation of the program

Enterprise technology funding pressures facing real problems , in addition to technology transfer fee , the new production line using new technology also requires a large investment. To promote the implementation of the " implementation plan" to mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises , the Ministry of Energy Saving Division said the officer , has been enshrined in the program four clean production technology as energy conservation , technological innovation , cleaner production, recycling economy and other financial guide the focus of financial support . Specific financial support but also by way of demonstration and promotion of cleaner production technologies project is divided into two types of technology in demonstration projects , companies will be able to apply before the project construction , through the audit of the project grant funds must be obtained , in principle, more than the amount 15% ; later and diffusion of technology projects, will run for a period of time to complete and implement projects in the enterprise , vetted through after a certain grant funds available . In addition , given the intensity of the demonstration project funding compared to the promotion of the project will be greater.

Meanwhile, the reporter learned from the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association , Development and Reform Commission , Ministry of Environmental Protection , the Ministry will jointly issued the " rare earth industry clean production evaluation index system " ( hereinafter referred to as the " index system " ) in the near future , has now entered the comment period . The " index system " will be used as the separation of rare earth smelting enterprises clean production evaluation of the level of analysis to determine the potential of cleaner production , cleaner production audits and related work to create advanced clean production enterprises an important basis , but also to better promote the " implementation plan" implementation .

According to the introduction , index evaluation system is based on the principles of cleaner production requirements and measurable indicators of selection , quantitative and qualitative indicators divided into two categories. Quantitative indicators selected are representative indicators reflect the "energy ", " saving" , " abatement " and " efficiency " and the ultimate goal of clean production and comprehensive evaluation of enterprises to implement cleaner cleaner production conditions and production levels ; while qualitative indicators based on national development and technological progress on the implementation of cleaner production in industry policy , resources, environmental policy and industry development planning selected for case assessment of the implementation of the relevant laws, regulations and corporate standards policy .

Meanwhile, the level of corporate cleaner production will eventually gotta score based on " index system " comprehensive evaluation index is divided into three levels, on behalf of the domestic leading level of clean production , two representatives of the domestic advanced level of clean production , three representatives of national cleaner production general level . Meanwhile, with the continued progress and development of rare earth industry, production processes, technology , equipment , and new policies and new requirements proposed by the state , the index system revised every three to five years time .

In addition, China's rare earth industry for pollution control , and related industry insiders have two proposals, one to combat rare earth mining , production and circulation of illegal activities , establish a fair market environment ; Second, to further improve the preparation of rare earth industry standards system , For example , smelting wastewater engineering specifications and standards to limit energy consumption . At the same time , strengthen the supporting role of existing standards , and strengthen standards and inspection efforts to ensure that companies fully meet the standard requirements.


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In recent years, Ganzhou Xunwu County increase the project construction , the central , provincial and municipal support , " Shek Pai abandoned mine geological environment management demonstration project " as an opportunity , according to the "professional build gardens , intensive construction of parks, ecological construction garden , park built to high standards , "the idea , efforts to promote rare earth new materials industry base construction , the base current land leveling and infrastructure construction phase has completed more than 80% , land leveling , drainage, roads , water, electricity and other infrastructure construction has been completed .

It is understood that the rare earth new materials industry XUNWU County Wenfeng Township xunwu base in the county, planning a total area of ​​about 7700 acres, a total investment of 760 million yuan , plans to build two rare and mechanical and electrical machinery industrial park , mainly settled in rare earth permanent magnet , light, hydrogen storage and other rare earth deep-processing enterprises , after the completion of the project can be realized total industrial output value of 100 billion yuan .


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Today, the rare earth market prices stable , prices were little changed , suppliers now needs to reflect more light , the market traded slightly prefer the class aspects of praseodymium , neodymium , because a larger amount . Dysprosium, gadolinium products demand drop, less turnover . Europium, terbium market Ganzhou suppliers reflect current prices relatively stable, reflecting the business transactions in general or poor.

Praseodymium , neodymium , dysprosium products, some prices stable for two days , offer not much adjustment . According to industry suppliers , said it praseodymium , neodymium prices fell sharply relative to pre- existing , less likelihood of the recent decline to 40 yuan / ton is unlikely. According to the Guangdong region with NdFeB manufacturers to understand , though , praseodymium , neodymium metal prices decline more obvious in recent days , but the current prices of processed products NdFeB not much lower , the terminal needs to change is not large . According to Ningbo area NdFeB manufacturers understand , because the majority of export -oriented enterprises , the demand is more stable, less domestic raw material price fluctuations on product pricing . In addition , praseodymium , neodymium , dysprosium and other rare-earth magnetic materials prices fell markedly , the metal neodymium stable market prices slightly lower in recent weeks , according to Ganzhou manufacturers said that the current price of the metal neodymium shipped more than 410,000 , 420,000 compared to the previous two weeks yuan / ton have been significantly reduced. Orders are still less dysprosium oxide week , traders said there is a lot you can accept the 1.7 million shipments .

Today, europium, terbium stable market conditions , there are major changes in the vendor said this week 's quote terbium oxide , in the range of 50-100 yuan / kg , the market traded price on the 3200-3300 yuan / kg. Europium oxide market , businesses that focus on the transaction price 4100 yuan / kg or slightly more difficult to accept the continued price shipping . Europium oxide quoted on the market is still large gaps , some manufacturers offer local Ganzhou still 4,300 yuan / kg.


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Rare demand is still insufficient performance , turnover cool. NdFeB downstream market orders and prices due to instability, mostly semi-finished select purchases , resulting in less turnover praseodymium , neodymium , gadolinium, dysprosium and other products , the price of the following limits based. Supplier side, because there is no good news to support prices, watching the atmosphere continue.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 170-185 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 185-195 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-23,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 325,000-335,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 425000-435,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,100-4,300 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,300-3,500 yuan / kg.


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Recently, when a batch of Inspection and Quarantine staff Baotou weight 1 ton, 20 barrels , the value of $ 16,900 Austrian exports of rare earth lanthanum fluoride product testing , inspection and purity of the goods was 99.65% , and the export contract inconsistent with the provisions of 99.9 % purity , determined to be ineligible. This is the first detection of Baotou Inspection and Quarantine did not meet the export of rare earth products.

Substandard batch of rare earth products for export , the Baotou Inspection and Quarantine not simply deemed to have failed , but with manufacturers repeatedly argued , failed to find the reason , initially identified in the current production technology, production of lanthanum fluoride products when mixed with cerium oxide impurities easy and very difficult to remove the impurities , the impurities may produce raw materials, machinery , packaging issues and human error and other reasons . After consultation with the manufacturer customer, the customer has agreed to amend the contract purity requirements and has been successfully achieved exports.

After the problem occurs, Baotou Inspection and Quarantine Bureau replicability, timely other export products of the company conducted a comprehensive verification and strengthened monitoring quality of export products , increasing the frequency of inspection and monitoring efforts to ensure the quality of export products are no longer occurs . It is also recommended producers when signing export contracts , reasonably determine the actual production process quality requirements , to avoid similar problems.


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Lately , constant reports of U.S. military F-35, B-1B and a series of advanced fighters using Chinese -made parts . Of which a considerable part is manufactured by China 's rare earths . We can say that the West 's advanced weaponry , is inseparable from China 's rare earths. Foreign media said that China is losing its influence on the rare , but rare is very important for the industry concerned .

According to German reports, four years ago , China 's share of the rare earth market share close to 98% , in a monopoly position , but now it encountered some competition. Although China has maintained a strong market power in the production of rare earths , but gradually lost market share.

German Federal Institute for Earth Sciences and Natural Resources , after assessing the current world market data report released in 2010 , 97.6% of the rare earths produced in China by 2013 , this proportion dropped to 92.1% . US-Russian production of rare earths in the world market share respectively of 4.3 % and 2.3 %.

According to reports , atrophy rare earth production in the world . 2009 close to 133,500 tons of global exploitation , and 2013 was only 90,500 tons . Rare are used in mobile phones , flat panel displays and wind power equipment. Extremely dependent on the rare earth industry .

Reported that rare earth prices rose sharply in 2011 , resulting in people looking for rare earth mine outside of China , the world's then newly discovered more than 440 mineral deposits.

The institute noted that the current known reserves of rare earth available in the current production levels 285 years . Chinese rare earth market confusion, disorderly exploitation . Now China 's rare earth reserves has decreased significantly .


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Today, the rare earth market prices were relatively stable , only part of the product offer some fluctuations , adjusted slightly. Dysprosium products market , vendors offer a smooth weaker, some businesses offer high Monday watching the market continues to price pullback to mainstream price , the current price of dysprosium oxide in succession with votes from last week's 1.75 million yuan / ton down to 1.7 million yuan / ton in the vicinity , dysprosium iron market Ganzhou region with votes manufacturers offer in 1.75 million yuan / ton, lower than the day before the 2-3 yuan / ton.

Gadolinium products, today gadolinium oxide and gadolinium iron Quotes adjustment range of about 2,000 / ton , the recent purchase of gadolinium iron market demand is not filled, manufacturers offer a whole in the downturn , according to a factory Ganzhou said now gadolinium iron with votes already down to 163,000 yuan / ton.

Europium, terbium market this week, two days before the market downturn fortune unchanged , manufacturers and traders have said the recent deal is not good , there is not change in the quotation of prices , europium oxide with votes at about 4100 yuan / kg , smooth or terbium oxide quote slightly down 50 yuan / kg , with tickets currently about 4200 yuan / kg. Lanthanum, cerium market due to chronic oversupply , and the current price has been in near the bottom , up down the space is not too large, the current market is relatively stable .


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Minmetals Rare Earth Group - Minmetals Rare Earth Co., Ltd. Guangzhou Jian Feng Murata joint venture with Japan 's " Precision Materials Co., Ltd. Foshan Murata Minmetals ' in Foshan , Shunde District People's Government 's strong support , longitude calendar year the preparation, March 14, 2014 successfully completed and commissioned in five Sha Industrial Park .

The project is Minmetals thoroughly healthy state on the rare earth industry , sustainable development, high-tech projects to extend the industrial side chain , the project introduced the forefront of the international core technology , to fill the gaps in China's rare earth powder processing and applications.

Murata Manufacturing is a Fortune 500 financial companies , particularly in the field of application of rare earth rare earth ceramic capacitor has a field of cutting-edge technology and extensive and irreplaceable market share in China owned years ago founded the " Wuxi Murata " and " Shenzhen Murata deep rich " and other large enterprises, the cooperation with China Minmetals Group , with industrial advantages Minmetals heavy rare earth resources and Murata superb technical advantages of mutual benefit, complementary advantages, powerful combination of strategic cooperation , the purpose of entry shares will undoubtedly promote the process of production of rare earth applications.

Southland , beautiful spring in March . Leaders Foshan , Shunde District People's Government , the leadership of China Rare Earth Industry Association , CMN , five bars Mine Rare Earth Group and related associations in Japan to visit our factory inspections, Murata president carrying a dozen people taking the time to visit senior congratulations , elaborated joint venture development vision , interpretation of the company at the forefront of high-tech achievements .


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Jiangxi Province will actively promote this year the central enterprises to carry out aid activities aimed at helping the introduction of central enterprises to implement the views Gan South Sioux district revitalization and development , the establishment of central enterprises helping their counterparts in South Sioux Gan District revitalization and development mechanisms to promote Soviet central enterprises layout more big projects .

Open deepen cooperation , make full use of the Fair in Xiamen , Central Fair, Pan and other major investment activities platform, with foreign offices , and vigorously promote the development of Jiangxi South Sioux district revitalization policy, industry , geographical advantages, to further enhance the Central Gannan etc. Soviet visibility and influence of the revitalization and development strategies .

Combined with the Central Soviet Area tungsten , rare earth deep processing and high-end applications , electronic information, biological medicine, and other characteristics of the modern textile industry advantage , linkage way through the provinces , in the coastal thematic industrial investment will introduce a number of large- scale investment , driven by strong pillar of major projects .

Also, make sure 50 other raw Gannan Soviet central focus of leading enterprises in the region , regularly coordinated scheduling to solve real business problems , focus on fostering the growth of enterprises, strengthen the leading role of industry leading enterprises , enhance hematopoietic function and development support.

Focus on a number of industrial restructuring and development platform for building and ionic rare earth tungsten National Engineering Research Center of the South , tungsten new material new industrialization demonstration base , Nankang furniture industry base , Ji'an electronic information, biological medicine, Fuzhou , Ganzhou accelerate large rare major industrial conglomerate , China auto Parts ( Ganzhou ) industrial base , Beidou industrial Park and other restructuring projects, and strive to industrial development to a new level .


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Avalon Rare Metals Company 3 announced it has signed an agreement with Solvay equipment . Under the agreement, Avalon production of rare earth concentrates will be shipped to La Rochelle in France Solvay rare earth separation smelter processed into rare earth oxides. Agreement for a period of ten years from the first transport from . In addition , Solvay will immediately provide technical support for the Avalon company hydrometallurgical plant.

Under the agreement, the company first Avalon Rare Earth Concentrate (98.5% REO) shipped to La Rochelle, France , after the treatment, Solvay provided to Avalon purity of 99.5% to 99.99 % of the separation of the oxide product including praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide, europium oxide, gadolinium oxide, terbium oxide, dysprosium oxide, yttrium oxide and lutetium . The agreement also provides that the company may apply to the Avalon Solvay purchase separated rare earth oxides , and not buy products sold by the company and shipped directly Avalon walk from La Rochelle factory.


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