Recently, a netizen , Fujian Provincial Party Secretary Quan to comments reported Liancheng County Qu Village Makengshan illegal mining of rare earth . Friends say that severe environmental pollution , we dare not water .

Liancheng County Land Resources Bureau of users reflect the situation investigated , responded that the song Village Makengshan rare early mining sites have been destroyed banned in uniform enforcement May 26, 2011 by the County Office of Rare remediation organization in recent years County and township regulators repeatedly inspections , has not found the resurgence of former mining sites . Judging from field surveys , rare earth mining sites Makengshan untapped for several years , the original point of the rare earth mining has grown Masson pine vegetation, its original soaking tub also covered the loss of soil, investigators have not found the site sheds and mining equipment , the surrounding environment is also no evidence of new rare earth mining .


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RE market continues deserted , demand is low, no rare earth downstream buyers into the market purchasing plans, providers have to wait and see , in the case of the implementation of pre- orders will ship no cheap .

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 170-180 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 180-190 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-23,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 325,000-335,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 425000-435,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,100-4,300 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,300-3,500 yuan / kg.


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Nihon Keizai Shimbun reported that for the so-called "China 's rare earth export restrictions " caused by the United States, Europe and China trade litigation, the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement Body of the expert group report will be released on the 24th of this month , which will officially recognized prosecution content Japan, U.S., Europe . WTO will require China 's rare earth export restrictions revoked . Reported that this is the first instance ruling made ​​by the dispute settlement mechanism , China will appeal , the Appellate Body to make a final conclusion within 90 days after the appeal, but are less likely to overturn the first instance ruling . According to the WTO agreement , the Member States shall protect the natural resources on grounds other than certain restrictions export goods . The first trial dispute settlement panel report noted that " for the purpose of rare earth resources in terms of protection , China should adopt alternative measures to limit domestic production ." The team will identify , China 's rare earth export restrictions are arbitrary acts to protect domestic industries . The report also said , according to the WTO Agreement , divided as to the purposes of environmental protection , Member States prohibit export taxes on exported goods , the dispute panel will report noted that " China 's export tax is not for the purpose of environmental conservation ." ( Commercial Office Embassy in Japan )


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Light rare earth lanthanum, cerium and praseodymium and other elements 4f electron shell has a unique structure , with good co- catalytic properties in a chemical reaction , so it is used as an excellent catalytic materials . Has entered the industrial production of rare earth catalytic materials , including rare earth catalytic molecular sieve materials, rare earth perovskite catalytic materials, and ceria-zirconia solid solution catalytic materials , mainly used in oil catalytic cracking (FCC catalyst ) , motor vehicle exhaust purification, industrial organic waste gas purification , catalytic combustion , and solid oxide fuel cells and so on . 2011 Chinese rare earth catalytic materials yield 29,200 tons, 4,380 tons of rare earth consumption ( Chinese Rare Earth Society estimates ) . We expect the Chinese government to strengthen environmental governance , especially for urban waste gas treatment , 2013 - 2015 rare earth catalytic materials market size is expected to maintain a 20% compound annual growth rate .

Since 2013 the eastern part of the north of Guangzhou -Shenzhen and other major cities in China continued to encounter fog and haze , increased vehicle exhaust emissions is an important factor . 2002 Chinese private car ownership 9,689,800 , 2012 has reached 88.386 million , 10 -year compound growth rate of 25 percent between . Rapid growth in private car ownership makes exhaust become the main source of air pollution in cities .

September 2013 the Chinese government issued a " Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Action Plan ," referring to moves to strengthen pollution control, strengthen motor vehicle environmental management: environmental protection and other agencies to strengthen environmental regulation of new production vehicles to crack down on the production and sale of environmental non-compliance of the vehicle violations ; strengthening the annual inspection of motor vehicles in use , for non-compliance of the vehicle shall not be granted environmental approval mark shall not be driven on the road ; encourage taxi to replace the exhaust gas purification device annually. United States, Japan and European countries through the implementation of stringent vehicle emissions standards to control exhaust pollution. China also began in 2000 on car exhaust emissions control ( I implement national standards ) , in 2011 began the implementation of the national IV standard ( equivalent to Euro IV). Ministry of Environmental Protection plans before the end of 2014 to implement national IV diesel vehicles are also standard , Beijing, Tianjin , the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta gasoline and diesel vehicles for the country to improve the standard V to 2017 extended to the whole country.

The main vehicle exhaust emissions of harmful ingredients include carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) , etc. The main principle is to purify exhaust gas through the oxidation and reduction reactions to these contaminants into carbon dioxide , water and nitrogen harmless substances. The effect of exhaust gas purification catalyst is a key factor . Autocatalyst currently the most widely used of the three way catalyst (TWC), the structure of the active ingredients, carriers , adjuvants , and the coating composition, wherein the noble metals platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh) and palladium (Pd ) is the most important component of the catalytic activity of rare earth ( mainly cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium ) role in the catalytic process from the series : replace part of the precious metal as an active ingredient to enhance the activity of the catalytic conversion of CO and HC ; vehicle exhaust Pb and S catalyst poisoning and thus prone to cause failure , after adding rare earth catalysts can improve the ability of anti-poisoning ; coating material used to prevent the carrier γ-Al2O3 into α-Al2O3 resulting in reduced surface area ; cerium oxide oxidation / price change by the reduction reaction of oxygen storage and release , better control of air-fuel ratio (A / F) and improvement of catalytic effect .

According to the Chinese domestic market size calculations catalyst , the rapid development of China 's auto market , rapid increases in the domestic market share of automobile exhaust catalysts and catalyst , such as updating the failure will promote the continued rapid growth in demand .

2014 / 2015 China passenger car production is expected to increase by 12 % and 10 %, respectively , heavy truck commercial vehicle growth 0% and 5 %, respectively. According to Wind statistics, the average displacement of 1.74 liters Chinese passenger car exhaust catalyst loading amount of experience with engine displacement ratio of 0.9:1 ( your research Platinum 2013 rights issue prospectus ) , the average per The catalyst to be 1.57 l passenger . Assuming commercial vehicle emissions an average of 5 liters, 4.5 liters of catalyst that is required per vehicle . 2013-2015 domestic market share is expected catalyst gradually increased from 20% to 30% ( previous market share in China autocatalysts basic occupied by Umicore , Johnson Matthey and BASF three international giants ) . Obtain new cars in 2014 and 2015 purification catalyst market will reach 12.896 million liters and 16,727,000 liters respectively .

In addition, with the growth of car ownership in China , the update will also increase demand for autocatalyst demand . "Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Action Plan ," stressed vehicle inspection strengthen environmental testing, to encourage taxi efficient exhaust gas purification device replaced annually . Assuming 2014 and 2015 , respectively, 1.5 % and 2 % of the car after the failure of the catalyst to be updated , which estimates the domestic car demand purification catalyst update was 1,336,000 liters and 2,468,000 liters . Overall, China in 2014 and 2015, domestic demand for automotive catalysts will reach 14.231 million liters and 19,195,000 liters , respectively, an increase of 39 % and 35 %.

Another major source of urban emissions of industrial production ( petrochemicals, paints and coatings , etc. ) toxic and harmful exhaust emissions , particularly volatile organic emissions (VOC). According to " China Rare Earth " reported ( RE purification catalysis applications -2009/01/16 ) , rare earth catalytic materials because of the unique nature of the catalytic oxidation , can in high concentrations of organic waste to purify the environment . In addition , rare earth better level structure and spectral characteristics can be mixed with nano- TiO2 photocatalytic when effectively improve the efficiency of catalysis at room temperature to eliminate CO, O3 and other harmful gases. China is still less current application of rare earth in the industrial waste gas , but the size of the U.S. market in 1997 has reached $ 1 billion . With the Chinese government is expected to gradually industrial emissions stringent requirements will drive demand for rare earths in the field of growth.

Application of rare earth catalytic material in the petrochemical industry (FCC catalyst ) is currently in the most used areas of rare earth catalytic materials, the global consumption of about 3-4 million tonnes of lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide annually. China 's large-scale enterprises, including FCC catalyst Catalyst Company , Sinopec , PetroChina Lanzhou catalytic Company , Leshan Run and rare earth catalyst , Inc. ( a subsidiary of Sheng and resources ), etc. According to the company the scale of the production line under construction , FCC catalyst production capacity of over 50,000 tons / year in 2015 , it is considered FCC capacity growth is expected to drive demand for rare earths continue to grow.


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Recently , after Longyan Liancheng County People's Court decided that even the County Public Security Bureau of Criminal Investigation Brigade of the law on illegal mining a suspect Teng , painted a seven suspects , such as the arrest.

It is understood that , since 2012 , a Teng , who painted a suspected violation of state law, without obtaining a mining permit unauthorized in Liancheng County town Juxi illegal excavation of rare earth ore.


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Natural graphite is a strategic mineral resources

1 graphite and products have become high-tech industry base material

Natural graphite and rare earths , as the " Industrial MSG " in the title , graphite new materials have become an important part of the emerging industry , a strong industrial relevance , expanded graphite , isotropic graphite , graphite fluoride , lithium-ion battery graphite anode material, metal - graphite composite materials have been widely used in energy-saving and environmental protection, new energy, new generation of information technology, new energy vehicles , high-end equipment manufacturing , new materials industry and other emerging industries. 2010 , the European Commission as one of the graphite " vital raw materials for the EU " 14 kinds . 2013 , graphene and the human brain works selected for the EU " Future Emerging Technology Flagship Project " , a special development program each receive 1 billion euros of funding .

2 natural graphite mineral resources of oligopolies

Graphite materials into natural flake graphite ( crystalline graphite ) , natural amorphous graphite ( graphite Aphanitic ), artificial graphite ( mainly raw petroleum coke and pitch coke ) three kinds . According to USGS data , the world's reserves of 71 million tons of natural graphite , Chinese reserves of 55 million tons , accounting for 77 % of the world , which accounts for crystalline graphite reserves worldwide 2 / 3 Aphanitic graphite resource accounting World 1 /10.

Although in many areas , natural graphite and artificial graphite is not very different . However, because of its excellent natural graphite characteristics , a certain irreplaceable. For example , Aphanitic graphite due to its own physical properties , is doing the best isotropic graphite materials ; in terms of expanded graphite , artificial graphite crystalline graphite can not be replaced ; in flame , the stability is not only the physical properties of natural graphite products , also not like other phosphorus-based flame retardants , chlorine , bromine-based and other harmful substances.

3 . Strategic value of natural graphite with technological advances constantly improve

Such as metal - graphite composite material not only has the properties of metal matrix, but also full of graphite , especially high purity graphite self-lubricating , high chemical stability , good shock absorption , thermal conductivity , low coefficient of linear thermal expansion characteristics, in aerospace, metallurgy, machinery , and other fields have a wide range of uses . The latest development of future applications of graphene even greater space , graphene can replace silicon material used in chips , the chip speed to THZ level. According to the agency estimated that the global annual demand for semiconductor crystal silicon is about 2500 tons , if the alternative to crystalline silicon graphene 1/10 made ​​of high-end integrated circuit , the market capacity of at least 5,000 billion yuan. Graphene is made of super- capacitors, charging time of just 1 ms. 2010 global ultracapacitor market size of 50 billion dollars, and maintain 20% growth rate .

Graphite industry is repeating the mistakes of the rare earth

1
obtain short-term gains by low-value applications and export
Overall, based on our deep processing and high- purity graphite materials preparation technology is still lagging behind , the majority of graphite products , low-grade raw material products . Of graphite or graphite products are the main consumer areas , 26 percent of total consumption of refractories , foundry 15% , lubricant 14% 13% brake linings , pencil 7% , other ( carbon brushes , batteries, swelling graphite, etc. ) 25%.

In the case of back-end application is difficult to open , graphite and rare earths as low as mineral resources export supply worldwide. In 1954 our exports to Europe began casting flake graphite, carbon-containing refractories Since 1980 the steel industry makes extensive use of graphite export volume increasing rapidly. Since the 1990s , China has become the world's largest supplier of natural graphite , graphite due to the excessive export market from 1993 to 2004 international prices hovering at the bottom of graphite , natural graphite, during which 90% of the international market from China . Graphite export prices rebounded after emergence in 2005 , China's export volume has increased steadily in recent years, stabilizing at 40 million tons.

2 . Developed using natural graphite resource grab high profits

There are more than 60 countries and regions in the world imports of graphite , imports more than tons , mainly Japan , the United States , South Korea, the Netherlands , Germany, Italy , United Kingdom, Singapore and Indonesia . Currently , Germany, France , USA, Switzerland , Japan and other developed countries have their own domestic resources of natural graphite closed , not exploitation, but never graphite mineral exporting cheap products purchased after the initial processing of graphite deep processing back to sell at high prices , earn huge profits . For example , often the price of 5,000 yuan / ton export natural flake graphite , but were to 25,000 yuan / ton , more than 2 million yuan / ton price of imports from abroad, thus producing spherical graphite graphite and graphite fluoride . The United States has 90 companies graphite products , natural graphite totally dependent on imports.

Enterprises in developed countries are often formed in the downstream industry oligopoly situation. Such as graphite fluoride mainly produced by the United States, Japan, Russia ; expanded graphite , the United States , Japan, Germany , France and other countries industry leading position , only Japan but also the production of high purity expanded graphite . Foreign companies have done in many areas covered by the patent , for example, a U.S. company as flexible graphite thermal conductivity of the material related patents for full coverage , it is difficult to break .

The main factors restricting the development of China's high-end of the graphite industry

1 . Technological innovation capacity is insufficient

Although aspects of the mining obvious technical advantages, but over the years the mining , beneficiation process no major breakthrough and change, the traditional acid method, high temperature purification methods such as there is a more serious environmental , energy issues . Meanwhile, the back-end application level chain of technological innovation is clearly insufficient. Sulfur expandable technology , flexible graphite series, ball cladding modified metal - a number of key technologies , such as graphite composite material is also still a breakthrough. Does not match the level of equipment and the development needs of the industry . While in the field of flexible graphite, fuel cells, artificial diamond , graphite composite materials , has made some progress, but is severely constrained related equipment .

2 there is a structural defect
innovative organization
Currently graphite industry enterprises are concentrated in the industrial chain front , a small amount of the distribution in the field of battery cathode materials. Enterprises, especially the front end of the industry chain enterprises , technological innovation activities is still less than normal, the level is not high. Front-end enterprise homogeneity is more serious, often into a price war - profits decline - weakness in R & D - the vicious cycle continues imitate.

In the field of graphite , universities and research institutes are currently the main bearer of technological innovation, but the construction of graphite materials science and research strength is still relatively weak , only a handful of universities have set up specialized carbon , no special natural graphite research institutions. While graphite is obviously insufficient basic research on mineralogical characteristics of different types of graphite were not enough, the forward-looking strong emphasis on research and development of new materials and graphite new concepts, new principles and new methods are inadequate.

3 . Government regulation on the industry is not yet in place

At present, China is also smaller overall size of the graphite industry , mineral resources are widely distributed , broadly related to the industrial sector and scattered . Government's industrial controls are not in place , there is no competition in order to improve through effective policy measures , encourage enterprises to carry out technological innovation. Overall competitive graphite industry, especially upstream competition among enterprises is still relatively extensive . Many SMEs sewage , smoke, excessive dust emissions free . Only 60% -80 % recovery of graphite flotation tailings discharge still contain a relatively large amount of the graphite , resulting in a serious waste of resources.

Relevant policy recommendations

1 . Strengthen industry regulation, protective development

Development of related technical standards. Accelerate the development of graphite mining, processing and other aspects of technical standards , to encourage the development of green manufacturing technologies and processes, eliminate backward as soon as possible , technical and technological pollution , gradually guide graphite mineral resources to higher value-added , high-tech enterprise , product configuration . Encourage industry and business to promote the application of new technological processes of graphite , the amount of energy savings through indicators before and after evaluation of the application , given the appropriate tax incentives , continue to enjoy optimal adjustment of export tax rebate graphite product offerings , and guide the development of the domestic high -tech companies , such as expanded graphite products .

2 to create innovative enterprises, promote intensive and graphite industry cluster development

Promote R & D system construction companies and new product development by major technology projects or demonstration projects to accelerate the formation of a number of leading enterprises of graphite with strong innovation capability and core competitiveness. Improve key aspects of the industry chain , relying on resources , accelerate the formation is characterized by a high degree of intensive primary products processing sectors , multi- batch , small batch , custom manufacturing is characterized by deep- processing sectors to high-end applications for the characteristics of the application areas, to the advantage of resource-based industry clusters, composed on the basis of multi-level chain. Relying on high-tech industrial development zones, industrial base and other areas in the mine location or with a research and production advantages of regions, forming a number of prominent features, well-known , internationally competitive industrial clusters .

3 R & D organization and management mechanisms to promote the commercialization of new technologies

Support the development of graphite industrial technology innovation and strategic alliances , and enhance trade associations function in collecting technical requirements , such as the preparation of the technology roadmap . Relying on national science and technology program , interdisciplinary , cross- organizational implementation of a number of planned major innovations graphite products ( engineering) demonstration , led graphite products to high-end development . Graphite industry to develop patent strategy . Continued support to carry out research graphite industry patent map , in key areas such as the anode material , graphite industry patent layout clear direction , building a patent pool . Author: Chinese Academy of Science and Technology Development


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Between the southern provinces of Jiangxi, Fujian , Hunan, Guangdong , Guangxi, Yunnan and other mountains, rich in ionic heavy rare earth resources, this is a special rare earth deposits only a few countries , such as our own, which has proven reserves , representing the world's proven ionic heavy rare earth resources in more than 90% .

In recent years , the South -ionic heavy rare earth mine commonly used in-situ leaching process development of rare earth . In this regard, the rare earth industry stakeholders in an interview with our correspondents pointed out that although the recovery compared with the past ionic heavy rare earth ore leaching pool , in-situ leaching of heavy rare earth ionic technology in mining and other environmental indicators have been considerable progress , but the use of this technology to develop ionic heavy rare earth resources , easy to destroy mine geological structure , triggering landslides . Meanwhile, since the mine design defects , some chemicals used in the leaching process also rare risk of leakage .

They called on relevant departments to be able to give attention to the potential security risks and take preventive measures targeted .

Rare is a valuable strategic resource, because of its unique magnetic, optical, electrical and other physical and chemical properties , are widely used in high-tech fields of aerospace , electronic information, the nuclear industry , new energy, advanced manufacturing , development of emerging industries of strategic important strategic significance.

Engaged in research work of production safety in Ganzhou Rare Earth Mining Co.黄紫彬, who said ionic heavy rare earth ore was discovered in the South in the 1970s , it was in the chemical weathering and other natural effects , rich in rare earth elements from the parent rock rare earth ions formed first and then the clay was adsorbed into an aqueous solution formed . And enrichment of rare earth mine in the north of a small piece of mine in a different , lower ore grade heavy rare earth south , but particularly wide distribution area. For example , in the global distribution of heavy rare earth mines in Ganzhou richest Long County and other places, the mountains and plains are dotted with almost ionic heavy rare earth resources.

" Rare is the general term lanthanum, cerium , praseodymium , neodymium, terbium , dysprosium and other 17 kinds of elements ," Zhang Anwen , deputy secretary general of China Society of Rare Earths , said , " lanthanum , cerium and other five kinds of rare earth elements are called light rare earths ; scandium is generally not symbiosis with other rare earth elements , known as dispersion element , promethium are radioactive elements in the rare earth minerals so far have not found ; other 11 kinds of rare earth elements terbium , dysprosium , etc. are called heavy rare earth elements. "

Nature reserves of heavy rare earth deposit in the form of industrial rarely . Zhang Anwen told reporters , heavy rare earth known as the "King of rare earth ," is the scarcity of rare species , China's proven ore reserves of heavy rare earth ion type , only a few hundred tons, mainly for defense and other cutting-edge combined science and technology , so a greater strategic importance than light rare earths , and the price is much higher than the light rare earths .

For example , in July 2012 the best rare earth prices , the most popular varieties in the light rare earth praseodymium, neodymium metal per ton price of 100 yuan up and down , but terbium , dysprosium heavy rare earth prices 20 million yuan per ton , respectively , 1300 million or so , you can see from the price , LREE far on strategic value.

Zhang Anwen said heavy rare earth mine south of shallow , easy to exploit . Over the past few decades , people continue to improve mining methods to explore in situ leaching out of the process, that is , without stripping and mining of ore , the first hit on a lot of holes in the mountain containing rare earth ore is then injected and recovered for leaching chemical rare earth elements , rare earth elements and further separated by chemical methods. Compared with the initial pool leaching process , rare earth recovery of this process is high, but when you do not have to peel ore mining and destruction of vegetation , labor intensity is also small, simple method has been widely used.

However, in situ leaching , liquid injection drilling drawback of this process is obvious. Zhang Anwen said that , in general, the heavy rare earth mine in the southern part of the hilly terrain topography , altitude generally between 300 meters to 400 meters, the relative height between the mountains is generally between 50 meters to 100 meters . Rock weathered granite mine to the main structure of the mountain rock itself is not strong enough .

In addition , with the in-situ leaching process rare earth mining , need to play a certain amount of liquid injection wells rich in rare earth mine in the mountains . Under normal circumstances , you need to be disposed on the mountain with hundreds of rare earth ore even thousands liquid injection wells , holes on the mountain , combined with the vibration generated in the drilling process , and will destroy the mountain was originally a stable internal structure of the state , resulting in the mountain loose .

Especially so after liquid injection wells , the worker will inject a large amount of leaching solution into the mountain , the mountain due to absorption of a large number of pharmaceutical and become soft, sticky soil mountain also decreased with increasing moisture content , maintain the balance of power structure of the mountain had also been damaged, prone to landslides accident. Adequate rainfall especially in the southern regions , repeatedly washed in the rain , had " drink enough " of the leach solution mining mountain more prone to collapse and landslides phenomenon . Zhang Anwen said that the actual situation also showed that the mountain of rare earth mine collapses, landslides and more hair. This article Source : Lookout Observation Network

Huangzi Bin has done this research expertise . He said that in the actual production , some producers to produce benefits as soon as possible , often used to increase the amount of fluid injected into the leach ore ways to accelerate the speed , a substantial increase in the amount of fluid injection , the change will add to the already saturated loose burden on the mountain , increasing the probability of landslides , some of the rare earth mine in Jiangxi mountain landslide is so produced , which seriously threatened the safety of life and property construction and mining mining area residents.

In general, the injection of ore leaching solution , after some time, will be recycled to the loop processing of the pool, and then precipitation of ammonium bicarbonate or oxalic acid solution obtained by leaching agent treatment , thereby separating the rare earths.

According Huangzi Bin introduction , stope design , in order to make better use of its own gravity leach solution , let gravity in order to save energy and other costs, types of mines hydrometallurgical processing plant mines along the hillside pool often , by the ladder layout, pond liquor pools earlier treatment processes are generally arranged in a workshop on the higher terrain of the platform , the rest of the processing tank process , press down sequentially arranged in the order .

Rare earth mine in South Jiangxi example, mine hydrometallurgical plant generally include liquor transit pool , cleaning tanks, sedimentation tanks , melting tanks and miscellaneous other types of liquid pool with Process pool. Pond based on the actual number of mine production scale , the number ranging from a few to dozens , usually in a single volume 200 cubic meters to 300 cubic meters. These multi- process cement and brick and concrete pools build from , with some compression capability . However , in the actual production process, are open-air hydrometallurgical plant operations, treatment ponds are directly exposed to the sun , Over time, wind and sun, the wall is easy to crack.

Huangzi Bin example , if a treatment tank capacity of 250 m3 , in the case of the pool fills , the wall pressure is great. Once the pond wall collapse collapse phenomenon occurred , two or three tons of liquid mixed with debris flows down from the high slope, staff will bottom , facilities pose a great threat . Thus , process tank collapse in ionic rare earth ore production process is also a source of great danger .

Hazardous chemical reagents owe specification , is another big issue during development of rare earth mine south facing . Huangzi Bin analysts say , the use of in-situ leaching of mining rare earth mine in the removal of impurities link, mining companies tend to use strong acid and other chemicals to recover the residual waste earth, scum first method is generally used strong acid to dissolve and then re- send Metallurgical plant for separation into the water , the use of strong acid is usually concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concentrated sulfuric acid has a strong oxidation and corrosion , but also has dehydration , hard -volatile characteristics, likely to cause harm to the human body, is one of the country 's strict control of hazardous chemicals .黄紫彬said some mining companies to store using metal cans of concentrated sulfuric acid , which has a bottom gate metal cans often , when used to unscrew the valve , concentrated sulfuric acid will flow . Because sulfuric acid tank is generally placed outdoors, wind and sun, easy to rust, above often no safety valve control device , these factors may result in concentrated sulfuric acid leak accident , there are security risks .

In addition , the use of chemicals in accordance with specifications , should dilute the concentrated sulfuric acid is added to water, stirring slowly , otherwise prone to the phenomenon of boiling solution . However, affected by the mine management and the quality of workers , some workers on the nature of the lack of adequate knowledge of concentrated sulfuric acid , concentrated sulfuric acid in the dilution , the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid in the water directly into the mixing phenomenon , likely to cause injury.

For Southern rare earth mining security risks , interview with our correspondents and business experts have suggested :

First, the national authorities should increase South -ionic heavy rare earth mineral exploration investment in the distribution of resources to find out the " real situation" and distribution , thus formulating a unified development plan ; article Source : Lookout Observation Network

Secondly, lack of current mining technology exists , the proposed national scientific and technical personnel and other relevant ministries and departments of geological research organizations , combined with rare earth mine geology south , to further improve and perfect the ionic heavy rare earth mining technology ;

Third, establish and improve mine planning , process, production facilities protection and other safety norms and standards as soon as possible , safety supervision departments to implement the responsibility , through the organization of security checks , etc., and urge enterprises to enhance safety awareness and improve the safety level of production. At the same time , increase the illegal exploitation of rare earth mine south behavior crackdown ;

Fourth, the use of acid and alkali rare earth mines and other dangerous goods , the relevant departments to strengthen management, establish qualification examination and approval system , and urge enterprises to establish and implement related operations , management practices ; operating personnel related positions , to be dedicated job skills , safety awareness training, job evaluation .


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Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Industry Secretary Chen Yanhai recently in the country's industrial raw materials and information work conference that the Ministry will cooperate with relevant departments to increase conservation efforts to establish rare metal reserve system .

China 's tungsten, indium and other rare metals and rare earth reserves in the world , accounted for more than 80 % of the world . Molybdenum , germanium and other rare metals reserves and production in the world and also in the forefront . However , vicious competition and price wars so that China 's rare serious waste of resources .

In this regard, Chen Yanhai said, to promote the precious metals industry consolidation , the formation of large enterprise groups as the leading industry pattern. Relevant research organizations and associations " rare management approach" ( draft ) , improve the management of long-term mechanism of rare metals .

Meanwhile , the Ministry will also cooperate with relevant departments to increase resource conservation efforts to establish rare metal reserve system . To strengthen the management of the country 's rare guidance and supervision, guidance around the need to create a rare and below the provincial level coordination mechanism based on the work .


Rare Earth Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.chinatungsten.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email:  sales@chinatungsten.com
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
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Recently, the U.S. stock market performance of the company due to the significant increase of 300% FutureFuel consecutive rose , FutureFuel is a lithium -ion battery production temperature of the precursor graphite anode materials company, is Tesla's potential partners ;

Recent media reports also include: Tesla electric car batteries , including the use of graphite as a large number of important raw materials ;

It is said , too deep into the Heilongjiang graphite processing after the price rose to 70,000 yuan from 3,000 yuan , profit margins staggering .

Xinhua News Agency recently issued a document analyzing the graphite industry to guard against becoming the next rare earth industry , describes the use of graphite important role in the new technology and the natural graphite resource for our oligopoly , similar to the initial year of rare earth, hope and orderly development, the development of deep processing field , good overall graphite chain.


Rare Earth Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.chinatungsten.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email:  sales@chinatungsten.com
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

March 19, 2014 market price of rare earth products

Rare Earth Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.chinatungsten.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email:  sales@chinatungsten.com
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn