Recently, Zhejiang Province, the first in Zhejiang Northwest Geological Brigade discovered a large polymetallic deposit initially proven scandium scandium resources more than 70 tons worth about 70 billion yuan, it is learned, including scandium and other 17 kinds of rare earth metals including scandium primarily for defense, military, aerospace, nuclear energy and superconductors and other cutting-edge technology strategic reserves of rare earth metals belong to the state.

Japan's rare earth supply diversification strategy is bearing fruit, 4 mesh 30, Japan and India to expand its exports of rare earths to reach a consensus in Japan one day after it was rumored that a new single rare earth gains Kazakhstan message count has been finalized before the Vietnam cooperation and Australia Japan from next year there will be 50% rare earth supply from countries outside China.In addition to the sea to find resources, Japan also through the establishment of national reserves of rare earth, waste recycling and other means to actively reduce its dependence on foreign rare earths.

From Shenzhen Huanggang Customs was informed before the customs seized a shipping channel in the first case of smuggling of rare earth shut case for exporting goods abroad rare earth oxides and rare earth fluorides weighing 700 kilograms, which is the disclosure of Huanggang Customs held in shipping channel first case of smuggled goods seized rare earth outbound cases.

Japan: The supply of rare earth resources in diverse developing central and south Asian.

In recent years , China's rare earth industry management regulation has intensified, received remarkable results. But the correspondents learned that rare "black industry chain ," the problems are long-standing rule is not absolute , and often in the special regulation, after the end of combat operations , illegal mining and production, processing , sales and export of rare earth products of the phenomenon and active up , even very rampant.

Some industry insiders pointed out that the recent adoption of the " movement" lack of sustained effectiveness of remedial measures recommended in the future to carry out special operations to combat the same time, as soon as possible to solve imperfect laws and regulations , law enforcement body is unknown, the law enforcement system is not established a series of problems explore the establishment of combating illegal production and sales of long-term mechanism of rare earth behavior in order to achieve tackling the problem.

"black chain" staggering scale

"Every year several tons of black earth hit the market , if this situation continues, China's rare earth resources will be a huge loss , the healthy development of rare earth industry will also aim to naught ! " chatted about the current existence of rare "black chain " , Baotou rare Earth Research Institute since former president MA Peng worried.

Bayan Obo in Inner Mongolia Baotou polymetallic Ore mining area of 48 square kilometers , is the world's most resource-rich light rare earth region. The mine area is also dotted with a number of neighboring mines , some rare earth mine grade is very high. Lured by profits , criminals eyeing here , some to the point of potential illegal small-scale mining of ore , and some even inside the mine ore theft .

In order to prevent criminals , Baotou Steel Group in recent years, the main ore along the boundary of the Bayan Obo , dug 3 meters wide, 2 meters deep trenches, repair played a total length of nearly 70 km , about 2.5 meters high walls , fences . In addition, some sections are still exporting Baotou Steel Group established checkpoints monitoring facilities installed , configured vehicles, personnel , in mines and tailings surrounding areas patrolled day and night , even so, this year, there are still stealing mine incidents.

"In the Baotou City and surrounding areas , some companies simply have no legal separation of rare earth ore smelting production plan targets in the current round of combat illegal production and sales of rare earths special action before the start , but in the production and processing of rare earth, if not the acquisition of the black ore , they can not explain their sources of raw materials . " a person in charge of rare earth companies said angrily .

Dispersion of rare earth resources in Jiangxi and other southern provinces , private dug rare earth mine and processing and sales of illegal mining of rare earth products is the phenomenon despite repeated prohibitions . China Rare Earth Industry Association Marong Zhang said that last year the South ionic rare earth ore mining production was 13,400 tons mandatory plan , but industry associations statistical analysis of the data show that last year the South at least mine produced 37,000 tons , nearly 70 percent of unknown origin .

From a national perspective, the relevant government departments and enterprises responsible agencies estimate that in 2012 the country illegally amount of rare earth minerals estimated more than 40,000 tons , illegal smelting and separation products are more than 50,000 tons .

By contrast, last year China's rare earth mandatory production plans were only production of rare earth minerals business , smelting and separation products 76,000 tons , 82,000 tons .

Zhang and many other rare earth enterprises generally believe that the person in charge , illegal mining, processing and sale of rare earth activities that affect China's rare earth industry healthy development of a malignant tumor , since 2012, rare earth prices continued to slump, "black earth " substantial impact on the market is a big reason.

Many factors combat effectiveness

2011 and 2012 , the Ministry in conjunction with relevant departments to carry twice the rare earth industry order rectification action . The published data show that in the past two years , have been punished behavior of rare earth exploration and exploitation of more than 600 , destroyed 14 illegal mining sites , ordered nearly 90 separation of rare earth mines and smelters rectification. In order to further regulate rare earth production and sales order, this year August 15 to November 15 , the Ministry and other eight departments have jointly implemented a new round of combat illegal production and sale of rare earth special action .

Some industry insiders said the implementation of special rectification activities indeed achieved a great deal in the short term , but China's rare earth distribution area is very wide, often special events over, criminals began to perk up , some illegal mining, smelting and separation plant are & ldquo ; limelight "after the resurgence .


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Shanghai Rare Earth Society insiders said that Shanghai began in September in the fight against rare earth mining , production, circulation of illegal special action , involving 113 enterprises in Shanghai , according to the sources, the majority of rare earth enterprises Shanghai enterprises downstream applications , have not yet discovered irregularities.

It is understood that the earth hitting special action led by the Shanghai Municipal Commission by letter , Municipal Public Security Bureau , Shanghai Customs and other eight departments with related work , listed in Shanghai check list 113 rare earth enterprises according to law to conduct joint inspection, illegal rare earth enterprises , will be strictly punished , ordered rectification, conducted by the Shanghai Association statistics of rare earth and other specific operations.


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Currently temporarily remain stable rare earth market , offer little change , some businesses purchase gadolinium oxide enthusiasm high . Praseodymium neodymium market, according to local businesses to understand with Ganzhou , vendors shipped price acceptable 42.5-43.5 yuan / ton or so , a small part of the merchant shipping price at 42 yuan / ton, demand remains relatively flat.

Erbium oxide market, the current price was essentially flat with last weekend , Ganzhou traders quoted in 34.5-35 yuan / ton or so. According to local suppliers , said Monday market is more deserted, yet have received a quote.

Gadolinium products market , some traders find on the market today gadolinium oxide enthusiasm high , the current vendor pricing and gadolinium oxide stable or slightly higher than last week . According to Jiangsu and Ganzhou region represents some of the suppliers of gadolinium oxide with a ticket price 175,000 yuan / ton, Ganzhou a local trader reflect recent gadolinium oxide without a single ticket purchase price of 140,000 yuan / ton, the recent No shipment plan . Comparison of gadolinium oxide , the supplier is more willing to be processed into gadolinium iron shipment to chart a higher profit. Gadolinium iron market , recently with ticket prices maintained at 18.3-18.5 yuan / ton , the price volatility is not.


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November 11 news Hohhot Customs recently cracked the case value exceeds $ 10 million rare earth smuggling case , arresting five suspects and seized 130 tons of rare earth involved .

Industry data show that in recent years , Chinese exports of rare earth rampant smuggling , smuggling more than the normal amount of export volume more than doubled. Average of 2-3 million tons. Because names are more rare earth products , different colors , recognition and identification difficult, at present , China's rare earth smuggling tricks, supervision difficult, smuggling is spreading to the ore . Insiders call the state has increased efforts to combat smuggling and curb rare valuable strategic resources such loss.


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November 11, 2013 Price of rare earth products

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In response to the WTO may come against difficulties, China Rare Earth hands ready to do enterprise level , on the one hand to expand the scale of restructuring and integration to form BaoTuan force, on the other hand the development of diversification. At the national level, a number of New Deal response is brewing export change in the situation , including the crackdown private mines and so on.

According to foreign media recently reported that the WTO Disputes Settlement Subcommittee on the United States, Japan, Europe and the needle since early 2012 on the Chinese rare earth export controls have already made a preliminary ruling proceedings , basically agreed plaintiff 's argument that China has in the rare earth export restrictions imposed export taxes in violation of commitments. Although this news has not been the World Trade Organization (WTO) for official confirmation , but this insiders believe that China lost within expectations , the future China will expand or rare earth export quotas. So, this decision will be China's rare earth enterprises and what impact ? Chinese enterprises will be how to deal with ? To this end, China Business Times reporter interviewed some of the rare earth enterprises and experts.

Perhaps the situation is not so bad

Reporters learned in the interview , because the message without official confirmed that the current prevalence of academia but also all kinds of speculation and controversy, Foreign Trade University, China WTO Research Institute , said Tu Xinquan , the current WTO is only relevant issue of a provisional state judgment given notice , from the final ruling is still some time, but almost no hope to win the future China will have to cease the levying of rare earth export taxes , but export quotas might be able to fight .

Insiders bluntly: " the unsuccessful outcome is Chinese rare earth quotas cancellation policy , open the supply of rare earths , the government can not constrain the export business behavior . " Past experience shows that companies competing prices is inevitable. Because of the quota system disappeared ( without limiting exports ) , the face of the huge benefits , China 's excessive and indiscriminate digging earth , illegal smuggling of exports and other issues, or to re- emerge in the market , while the rare return to the " cabbage price" also increasing the likelihood .

Xiamen University, China Energy Economic Research Center Lin Boqiang but somewhat disdain , he said: "I did not so exaggerated . "On one hand , foreign media reports have not been officially confirmed , including the Ministry of Commerce , Ministry of Industry and other ministries has not released information about the rare earth litigation , WTO also did not release information. Even if true , it would not cause much impact on China's rare earth industry , particularly strategic resources in their own hands , is not wrong ; the other hand, status quo, for their own environmental protection , quotas system should not be canceled short-term .

It is understood , WTO principle, requires the elimination of export restrictions, but provides for two exemptions : "To protect people , animal or plant life or health measures " and " with the protection of exhaustible natural resource-related measures if such measures with restrictions on domestic production or consumption with the implementation . " "Once the results are unfavorable to China , China will certainly be carried out within the framework of the WTO complaint . " litigator Hao Junbo International Business Times said that for China .

In fact, the Commerce Department has repeatedly said that on the rare earth issue, China policy objective is to protect resources and the environment and achieve sustainable development, has no intention of trade-distorting way to protect domestic industries . China has always respected the rules of the WTO , and actively fulfill WTO commitments. Commerce Department had also said, " China will carefully study the prosecution panel filed a request , and according to WTO dispute settlement procedures to be properly addressed. " Last year, the Ministry of the person concerned has publicly said that China will actively responding to, and stressed that" China 's rare earth policy measures taken entirely for the protection of resources, environment and sustainable development, in line with WTO rules . "

China is the world 's rare earth resources most rich countries, while 80 percent of China 's rare earth resources concentrated in the header. In order to understand the current situation of domestic rare earth enterprises , China Business Times reporter interviewed a week a special trip to Baotou Rare Earth some state-owned and private enterprises.

Some large state-owned enterprises generally rare means "not so pessimistic ." Baotou Steel Rare Earth General Department Minister Yang China Business Times said: "The ruling is true even for large state-owned enterprises will not cause too rare serious impact , or no further wait and see . "and some private enterprises are already clearly felt earth pressure . General manager of the North Rare Cattle Shuo told China Business Times interview, said with deep feeling : "loser surprising ! Private SMEs must find ways to deal with ! "

Cattle Shuo that China 's rare earth resources has always been someone else have the final say in pricing, and other aspects of their exports can not grasp the initiative , the " industrial gold" by "cabbage price" to sell, this is the most distressing . Have taken place in the industry currently excess capacity , if the elimination of export quotas will inevitably lead to the next round of vicious price competition , true to time, small businesses like ours, there is no competitiveness will naturally be eliminated. But for the industry is concerned, such competition may be time-consuming , because when the bottom falls when the market sense , actually favors the formation of a benign rule . Within little more than foreign competition will make both inside and outside the same price. Benefit the bottom line , once formed, we are not easily to touch it.

If the long term, the government remediation industry stronger and as cure poison , formal enterprises were limited production, private open Luancai who was " Unforgiven ," the cost of crime is so high , I am afraid there will be no it was to defy the law of this benefit .

"Anyway, my business is already a red heart and prepare for the ! "cow Shuo said he has begun into rare earth waste recycling environmental projects supported by the state is always doing something wonderful .

Countermeasure is there

The reporter learned that the domestic rare earth enterprises in order to cope with the dilemma may come , is quietly pushing into force restructuring to form . It is reported that six months after the suspension of Wei Hua shares recently announced Ganzhou Rare Earth backdoor plan. Restructuring plan shows Ganzhou Rare Earth will listed as rare earth industry development and capital market financing platform to further integrate Ganzhou area of rare earth downstream smelting and separation operations , and gradually developed into a mining and dressing , smelting separation and processing as one of the major rare earth industry group company .

And at the national level by no means without countermeasures. SW researcher Ye Peipei also believes that China is brewing a number of New Deal response to export changing situation , including the crackdown private mine, intends to introduce regulations for rare metals , rare earth brewing different varieties of differentiated management policies . If the WTO ruled that China rare earth export restrictions violations, the policy is also expected to launch .

May 10, 2011 , the State Council issued " on the promotion of the rare earth industry healthy development of a number of opinions ", the Chinese around the rare earth resource development, smelting separation and circulation market order expand regulation by the Ministry of Industry and the formation of large rare earth industry group programs , now the industry has formed a number of sets resource extraction, smelting separation processing and application technology research and development of rare earth industry in one large group .

August 2012 , by the Baotou Rare Earth , Xiamen Tungsten and other 12 rare earth production and circulation enterprises invested 10 million yuan each common form of rare earth trading platform - Baotou Rare Earth Products Exchange Limited was established . The company was founded signified by the enterprises themselves, the sponsoring organization of rare earth rare earth products to complete the formation of spot trading platform , the platform will host China's first rare earth products electronic disk operations. Insiders expect the trading platform to be able to play a positive role in stabilizing prices of rare earth .

It is worth mentioning that, in the unity of national strategic planning development, many private enterprises have gradually been rare SOE merger integration , such as Baotou Rare Earth consists essentially of Baotou Rare Earth Group's control . Baotou largest private manufacturer Baotou Rare Earth Rare Earth Co., Ltd. China Magnesium has an equity price , no independent production and management of rare earth .

Another rare in Inner Mongolia eliminated upstream enterprise integration work, 35 were included in the consolidation phase in the enterprise, 13 included in the scope of cooperation restructuring Baotou Steel Rare Earth , 18 to implement compensation off , four were eliminated shut down . This marks the Baotou Steel ( Group ) Corporation mainly light rare earth resources in northern China unified mining, uniform dressing, smelting separation unified , unified operation and management of the franchise initially formed .

The southern provinces are also engaged in the integration of rare earth enterprises , such as explicit by the Guangdong Guangdong Group completed the rare earth industry in Guangdong Province, the existing rare earth mining, smelting separation of enterprise integration . February 27, 2012 , relying Guangdong Rising Assets Management Co., Ltd. of Guangdong Province as the main rare earth industry group was formally established , and strive to become the national focus on the development of the three rare earth enterprise groups.

In addition, the Commerce Department also issued in June invoices earth system as the "national franchise system " technology -based rare earth invoices in Inner Mongolia and Sichuan, the first pilot . This means that , following the salt industry and tobacco industry to adopt national franchise , the rare earth industry will also be included in the "national franchise " range. Industry sources said the franchise system will cover China rare earth rare earth mining , smelting , processing, sale of the entire industrial chain. More specific system designed by rare earth reserves , mining , smelting , consumption of four parts , mining , smelting and consumer enterprises system authentication and network signed a year into the reserves of rare earth mining and consumption of two areas , completely blocking illegal manufacturers to obtain rare earth way . It is foreseeable that the government is bound to accelerate the ongoing process of integration of domestic rare earth enterprises , as soon as the end of the rare earth industry, private mining overdraft excess production , as well as disorderly competition chaos . Currently hundreds of domestic rare earth enterprises will eventually be integrated into two or three . Clear pattern has not yet formed

Nevertheless , the aforementioned Baotou Rare Earth business people still believe that the integration of rare earth clear pattern has not been completed . "The government will make use of the time for appeal previously thought to achieve integration purposes to play on the international market picked up a fist fight out effect, but did not expect to be so hard to integrate , local, inter-enterprise , as well as upstream and downstream , etc. are all playing the abacus , each hold the interest . "

And there is no clear pattern of integration , it means that the market disorder and produce surplus situation will continue to exist, Deputy Secretary-General Chen Zhanheng Chinese Rare Earth Society said, now is oversupply, the annual quota of 30,000 tons , the actual sales 10,000 tons . One can not ignore the background , the current domestic rare earth separation smelting capacity has been severely surplus. Ganzhou Rare Earth Group Qiandong Gong Bin, chairman and managing director , told reporters that the current separation of the South ionic rare earth smelting capacity has exceeded 100,000 tons , and as the boss of the Southern Rare Earth Jiangxi in 2013 the first batch of 3,950 tons production target .

According to the China Rare Earth Industry Association, introduced the Secretary-General Ma Rongzhang Southern separated ion ore smelting enterprises to obtain more than 70% of unknown origin . According to statistics, China 's rare earth more than 200,000 tons , the actual annual production capacity of 15-18 million tons, while the actual global annual demand of 13 million tons, China 's demand of about 100,000 tons .

Chinese Society of Rare Earths expert who requested anonymity said that although the pattern of rare earth supply diversification trends are becoming evident , " but if the abolition of quotas and tariffs , China rare earth prices will plummet , may again squeeze rare in other countries production line. "


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