At present, the main methods for preparing zirconium tungstate are solid phase reaction sintering, sol-gel method, hydrothermal method, co precipitation method, microwave synthesis method, combustion method, laser sintering method, spray drying method, etc. Among them, the preparation cycle of sol gel method is too long to be used. The reaction principle of hydrothermal method is complex and the time is long. The coprecipitation process is cumbersome and difficult to control. The solid phase reaction sintering method has the advantages of simple principle, simple operation and limited conditions. Therefore, at present, solid-state reaction sintering method can rapidly and effectively prepare zirconium tungstate.

PM2.5 is an important factor affecting air quality. Coal-fired power plants, oil-fired automobile ships, especially diesel engine automobile ships, are the sources of PM2.5. With the development of China's automotive industry and the increase of car ownership, the treatment technology of automotive exhaust has attracted more and more attention.

At present, the commonly used preparation methods of tungsten trioxide thin films are atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, electrodeposition and so on. However, the tungsten trioxide thin film method developed based on the above methods requires high equipment, complex preparation process, high cost, and can not prepare large-area films.

The traditional preparation of tungsten alloys is mostly based on sintering technology, which leads to a series of problems such as low densification, uneven microstructure and limited composition of tungsten-based alloys. It is mainly reflected in the slow preparation speed, low efficiency and high preparation cost.