U.S., EU, Japan sued China rare earth, tungsten, molybdenum export restrictions , China has put forward " protecting the environment " is a very Western way of saying to the defense , and the final stand of the U.S. side of the WTO . WTO ( World Trade Organization ) ruled against China . British " Financial Times" said, " This is a major victory for the U.S. , EU and Japan made ​​", while Japanese media is unashamedly commented , "China 's strategy failed completely ." Indeed, the Chinese rare earth export restrictions has once again been cut violations, gave a great deal of good in Europe and America and other countries, this is the entry point , China's exports of strategic resource management system may face shocks.

In accordance with the usual Western view, the development of high-tech is a rare indispensable strategic resource , from smart phones to missile guidance are inseparable "industrial vitamins ." But over the years, China has to account for only 23 percent of the world's total reserves reserve supply 95% of the world 's rare earth production , not only low prices was like " selling gold potatoes price" , there is a huge environmental cost to pay . When China began to realize that the problem is serious restrictions of rare earth exports , the United States and Japan has shown impatience , one after another to say "no ."

Why WTO restrictions on U.S. and European strategic resource policy blind - Europe and the United States understands the road win . In general, WTO members must comply with the freedom of trade , the treatment of undifferentiated rules. But in terms of Section 21 of the WTO GATT has proposed : Allow members for reasons of national security, as a trade exception handling ( referred to security exceptions ) . It is based on the security exception to the rule , in 1996 , in the United States -led Western countries to develop a " Wassenaar Agreement ", " Wassenaar Agreement " communications mechanism aims to improve conventional weapons and sensitive dual-use transparency items and technology transfer to assist member States regulate the export control laws and regulations, to prevent the proliferation of sensitive items and technologies related . Member States, including the world's major arms-producing and exporting countries , including the United States, Britain , Japan, France, Germany , Russia and other 34 countries.

Ukrainian military in close cooperation , in addition to the transfer of large projects outside the " Varyag" No. This is a landmark in ships, tanks, aircraft power system, especially the engine , the performance of the most prominent. Currently many gas turbine DN/DA-80 Chinese surface ships , including the "Varyag " was included, as well as " Chinese Aegis " destroyers used by the Chinese for the development of Pakistan , " Khalid " Main battle tanks used for diesel engine 6TD-2E, the new generation advanced trainer aircraft used by the Falcons -15 engine AI-222, as well as suitable plateaus helicopter engines are from Ukraine. But Ukraine is also a member of Wagner agreement . Americans may be needed to prevent some of the weapons and ordnance Ukrainian exports to China .

Since China has been excluded under the guidance of the "Wassenaar Agreement " important to master the world of military technology and products developed countries have been severely restricted Chinese imports, " Control List " of scarce resources , advanced technology and equipment. For example, some foreign high-end five-axis machine tools critical software on limiting exports to China , and even the installation site using department also has limitations .

Practice tells us that China should learn from the experience of developed countries , the use of good safety exception WTO rules , the early establishment of strategic resource management and control systems in line with the core interests of our country in order to prevent a similar situation from happening again passive .

In addition, we must clearly realize that involve core national interests of technology can not be obtained from the normal economic and trade , and a great and self-esteem of the nation also must not fantasy gifts of others , otherwise sooner or controlled by others , and ultimately trampled. So, today and in the future , China will continue core technology areas also staged a " break the foreign monopoly" amazing miracle. ( Pictured Merkel of Germany 1735 Mini China Map drawn to Xi Jinping .)

WTO preliminary ruling against China's rare earth litigation , litigation in the last two years , we see that part of the country -

By the name of "fairness " and seeking their own interests

By the end of March , the U.S. and Japan on the EU lawsuit against Chinese export quota of rare earth and other management measures related products filed with the preliminary results , the World Trade Organization (WTO) ruled against China . The ruling received a US-Japan EU welcomed before they complain that China 's export restrictions enable Chinese enterprises to gain an unfair advantage. However , in this two-year litigation, we see it is part of the country in the name of fairness , abuse of international rules , a double standard , seeking their own interests.

Over the years, there are rare earth industry , " gold" , in the field of cutting-edge technology and defense are widely used. If the 20th century was the century of oil , then the 21st century is the century of rare earths . However, due to other reasons related technology , environmental technology as a key raw material in the rare earth mining process has caused great environmental damage .

In fact , the U.S. reserves of rare earth -rich, rare earth mining was once a big country , but recognizing the high environmental cost of rare earth mining after the United States adopted a series of measures to halt the rare earth mining . In China, more than 90% of long-term supply of rare earths to the global market , has paid a heavy environmental price . To this end, China has adopted a series of policies and measures remediation rare earth industry , which is completely out of the need to protect resources, environment and sustainable development. Rising prices of rare earth , rare earth goodbye to the West " cabbage price " era , they shouted unfair . While China 's share of global long-term to 36% of the total rare earth reserves , supply the world market with more than 90% of the rare earths , which is fair? For them this quiet , " fairness" is undoubtedly fair to call pseudo : only focus on their own economic interests , but they ignore the environmental costs of other countries.

Formulation of international rules is to make between countries to peaceful coexistence and common development. But in today's world , some countries are not only self-restraint rule , but the abuse of the rules , a double standard in order to safeguard their own interests . The lawsuit initiated by the United States against the EU is China 's rare earth export restrictions policy , but it is ironic that they also take such measures. The EU was trying to be a similar policy Naruduoha Round negotiations on non-agricultural market access framework , natural gas and other resources for the United States to adopt similar policies . After the outcome of the proceedings out of the U.S. " Foreign Policy " magazine for American policy tucao a lot , claiming that if the "rare earth " with " natural ", " Chinese enterprises" replaced " U.S. companies ", then Washington will find that their future will also be subject to this ruling .

The reason why some countries by the name of "fairness" , the abuse of the rule , the reason lies in the formulation of the rules they are dominant . Such a rule itself has limitations and can not achieve true justice. As a developing country , how to better protect their own interests in international trade, the rare case of losing to us sounded the alarm.


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Those who oppose the enemy , we will support ; whatever the enemy supports , we will oppose it.

In a recent rare public battle , we can easily see similar expressions . We see the British media said China Rare failure is a major victory for the West achieved , we see Japanese media said China 's strategy failed completely , we often thwarted by a great mood and annoyed , brain rising from strong nationalist sentiments , while lost calmly .

For example, we are that this is a conspiracy Europe and other Western countries to China , is China 's encirclement ; such as we are considered , WTO is a tool for Western countries to implement the strategic encirclement of China , to escape encirclement way is completely out of the WTO, self-reliance , their own play your own . Some people even suspect the existence of some degree of losing diving ingredients. These specious argument is not entirely without factual support , will become more confusing .

These include the fact that , the appellant is the rare case indeed in Europe and America , is the cause of their complaints preliminary WTO ruling against China . But the solution is not emotional nationalism, and should be replaced by self-examination , to find their own problems and shortcomings . Since joined the WTO, recognized its framework, we must learn to adapt to the rules and use the rules to resolve the crisis itself , rather than relying on the tragic sense of rendering nationalist sentiment , and then cover up the problem solving and accountability .

Logical source of tragic consciousness , our rare earths from the world's highest storage capacity of a sharp decline in the world's first relegated to third in the world ( the most common argument is that from 80% to 23% ) , a result like cabbage price Like cheap sale and disorderly exploitation , and when we realize that these restrictions ( quotas ) , the Western countries not to accept a trade war from open play . This time we failed even sit real judgment being bullied .

But tragic consciousness without contributing rare case in our favor . Reasons leading to this decision is made ​​WTO , China's rare earth export quotas imposed , this practice is a violation of WTO rules . Although the practice of WTO members , there are many restrictions and export quota system to take precedent , and even lack of certain commodities lock-up measures will be taken , but returned rare cases , these cases may not be able to as an example . It is also connected to a lot of Chinese trade experts hope for a successful appeal is not the reason.

Although the reason , we have taken the export quota system has a natural and reasonable : Environmental Protection . Needless to say, the past few decades, we have cheap disorderly exploitation on the environment caused great damage. But the quota system , it is difficult not to become WTO litigation handle, and this handle in recent years have not played a substantial role ( exports under quota ) , some have accordingly called on the opportunity right now to cancel the quota system . From the current reality, a quota system is not really a good idea , we want to take a more clever way to protect the environment .

Another feature of environmental protection for the purpose of the quota system is that it is from the export sector restrictions. We should also think about is why many countries have sufficient storage capacity , but only if we export in large quantity , and only we are forced to adopt export restrictions . Do not restrict mining countries only partly explain the reasons , I believe that a more fundamental reason is that they do not have a very strong urge to sell . Mining process in the past and we are cheap disorder , the destruction of the environment of unbridled process , with the big sale of the corresponding resource . Even today, still difficult to suppress local governments, businesses, and stealing by mining impulse.

This gives us an idea of ​​open - when we export restrictions , or implementing environmental protection objectives , from production processes limit rule more than the limit from the export sector to circumvent the WTO. While we put the rare earth as a national strategy , comprehensive measures from the mining areas to the export sector , but more practical to limit mining areas . From the quota system , in addition to losing the WTO , but also did not play a relevant role . For example, due to the primary products subject to quota restrictions , some countries began to take up plants in China in the guise of resource exports. To strengthen the management of production processes is particularly important .

Behind these measures should still be given full respect of the country 's rare earth strategy. In this rare big debate, another plausible idea that the reason we restrict exports of rare earths because the rapid decline in the proportion of storage capacity in the world , and if it turns out there is no accounting for the decline is not should not continue restrict exports of rare earths ? There is an article also said that China is not the shortage of rare earth reserves of light rare earths and heavy rare earths , are equivalent to the consumption of the world's end in 1000 , the rare earth has become a general resource ; there are many companies to inform the media , rare earth is not in short supply.

Since rare earths have been included in the national strategy , I do not intend to do more to explore the views . I think that , even if the argument is not shortage of establishment , is still just starting arguments with respect to the exploitation and use of capacity in terms of volume , that does not mean we ought to indulge wanton exploitation of cheap exports of rare earth , does not mean that we sell fine roughing machining realistic in relation to international trade buying continues , not the protection and use of strategically .

Strategic protection of rare earths , should continue. If the appeal fails , the quota system was canceled foregone conclusion . Although I believe that the abolition of the quota system is not the end of the world , should not be given too much fear, we still have a few months to take advantage of this grace period , re-adjust strategies to prevent the disorder occurs after the abolition of the quota system industry again and barbaric growth conditions . We must be soberly aware that losing face and blase smell and there are many .


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Some offer rare rose slightly , although the actual demand has not improved significantly lower purchases no improvement , but manufacturers still moderately raise its offer to test the market response. Currently the demand side of the market to wait and see , few purchases , expected short-term steady-based rare-earth prices , temporarily difficult to change significantly.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 165-175 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 170-180 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 410,000-420,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,000-4,200 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,000-3,200 yuan / kg.


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I was on the village of Yongding County or Township , since the beginning of the second half of 2013 our village at the junction with West Township horse Ishiyama foot ( Hill tube attached to our village, private -owned ) someone in the private mining rare earth mine , put us on the village drinking water contaminated ( with the water bath will pockmarked from the body , itching intolerable , think the villagers drank the water that happens ) , raised fish pond , creek where the fish are all dead , mine damage to vegetation .

We reported several times to the government did not completely resolved, the county government leaders have repeatedly sent law enforcement brigade County Land Bureau to regulation , but they are flirtation , nowhere near it, it just hook the PVC pipe break , do not hurt The fundamental , it is not the real thing . Law enforcement unit , the stealing by 2-3 days in advance to know, and then put the equipment moved to other places important to the law enforcement team was gone, who has openly stealing fanfare production .

Perhaps some leaders have been bribed ? Law enforcement officers are in cahoots the team ? Sadly , what a pity Yeah , so do not act, so let malfeasance by stealing more crazy now , and now those who are stealing our villagers openly challenge the " just tell you to go see if you can win the case to me, eggs and stones can touch it? " so arrogant. Hope superiors attention to this situation , but also we a mountains .


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