The environmental issues and health effects by nitrogen oxides (NOx) had caught more attentions in the past decade.  The main source of NOx resulting from human activities is the burning of fossil fuels (coal, gas and oil) especially gasoline used in cars. V2O5-WO3-TiO2 is the most common catalysts applied in industrial field for NOx reduction. Unfortunately, the toxicity of V2O5 limits the applications in some fields. Ce-based (Cerium) catalysts, which exhibit remarkable redox properties and high oxygen storage capacity, have attracted much attention in the NH3-SCR reaction.

Tungsten (W) alloys has been applied in high temperature resistant materials for decades due to its amazing thermal resistance and toughness. W alloys have been applied in plasma-facing materials, solid target in spallation neutron source, electrical contacts, and fuel elements in rockets, etc. These applications have a requirement on higher mechanical properties and higher temperature stability.

The crystallization of ammonium paratungstate (APT) from aqueous ammonium tungstate solutions is a key unit operation in the current production of tungsten powder. The crystal size, crystal size distribution, and degree of agglomeration of ammonium paratungstate tetrahydrate, (NH4)10[H2W12042] ·4H20, (APT·4H20) are all likely to be of importance for its processing to tungsten powder. Both batch and continuous crystallizers are used in industrial practice.

Trimethylamine is a hazardous volatile organic compound that originates from spoiled fishes and sea creatures and has negative effects on air quality and human health. The gas sensing materials based on metal oxide semiconductors have attracted considerable attention due to the advantages on high sensitivity, low-cost synthesis route and compatible with micro-electronic manufacturing technology.