The temperature of tungsten alloy material inside shaped charge liners rises from normal temperature to more than 1000℃ and strain rate reaches 1.0×10⁵s^-1. So, we can see that the shaping procedure of EFP (Explosively Formed Penetrator) is happening under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high strain rate. It is not any materials that can shape complete EFP. It has quite a high claims on the dynamic characteristics of materials under the condition of high temperature, high pressure and high strain rate. The ideal materials for shaped charge liners should have the properties of high melting temperature, high density, high elongation and dynamic strength, etc. Tungsten alloy material is ideal material for shape charged liners. Otherwise, engineering application also should considerate the cost and resources of material. Those materials which are important, high price and short resources are not easily utilized for a wide range.

Tungsten copper alloy shaped charge liners recombine metals which have different function so that can exert the complicated advantages of alloy. Compared with those single-metal shaped charge liners, tungsten copper alloy shaped charge liners have more reasonable transformation and absorption mechanism, more excellent penetration and lower cost. So it has wide prospect for development.

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Tungsten alloy is adopted as projectile for EFP (Explosively Formed Penetrator) with its high density, high intensity and high ductility. Terminal sensing submunition can detect and distinguish targets in scanning area. When scanning trajectory of terminal sensing submunition scans the target in scanning area, the computer on the penetrator detonates warhead of EFP duly, forming explosive compacting tungsten alloy EFP projectile and attacks armor vehicles from top. Tungsten alloy EFP projectile flight trajectory is the trajectory that EFP projectile flies to the target.

Tungsten alloy EFP projectile is influenced by gravity and air resistance during flying. Gravity bends tungsten alloy EFP projectile flight trajectory and air resistance decreases the flight speed of tungsten alloy EFP projectile. High density of tungsten alloy can weaken the influence on projectile caused by gravity and air resistance. High density means higher density of energy and greater impact force, improving penetrating power. High ductility contributes to forming longer projectile so that highly increasing the depth of penetration. Because the flight speed of EFP is faster than sound velocity by 5~6times, the distance from detonating to target is no more than caliber by 1000 times. For that, the influence on EFP flight trajectory by gravity can be neglected. So tungsten alloy EFP projectile flight trajectory can be considered as straight line trajectory approximately and also can be described by using equation of motion for particle. 



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Heat resistance tungsten alloy is a kind of alloys which can work long term under the temperature more than 600℃ and definite pressure. It has a series of complicated properties such as excellent hot strength, good anti oxidation and thermal corrosion resistance, good fatigue property and fracture toughness, etc. Heat resistance tungsten alloy has been the irreplaceable key materials for high-temperature components in military and civil gas turbine engine.

The advancement of Taihang aero engine has close relationship with development of heat resistance tungsten alloy High turbine working temperature is the most significant symbol in Taihang aero engine. Improving turbine working temperature is an important measure to improve thrust and increase thrust weight ratio of Taihang aero engine. While the primary factor having influence on the temperature before engine turbine is materials of turbine blade and turntable which have high-temperature resistance. So designers of engine turbine components try their efforts to search a kind of high-temperature resistance materials for turbine turntable and blade. Advanced heat resistance tungsten alloy satisfies with the need of aero engine for materials, and develops rapidly with the advancement of engine.

Heat resistance tungsten alloy powder is a kind of heat resistance tungsten alloy It is indispensable key materials for advanced aero engine turbine turntable. For several years, heat resistance tungsten alloy powder had made great progress, and been utilized in turbine turntable and diversion turntable of Taihang aero engine. The realization of heat resistance tungsten alloy powder applications in aero engine reduces the gap with advanced technology of developed countries in this industry.

The development of Taihang aero engine, also called as WS-10 was begun at the end of 1980’s. The finalization of design was finished at December 28^th, 2005 which had spent 18 years. Taihang aero engine is the first high-performance, high thrust, loading turbofan engine whose intellectual property right is owned by China. Meanwhile, it also fills the gap of advanced turbofan engine in China. Taihan aero engine is the third domestic military turbofan engine which is developed by China Aviation Research Institute 606. The maximum thrust of Taihang aero engine is not more than 12000kg, by adopting high thrust bypass ratio and fully automated digitized control system. At present, Taihang aero engine is mainly equipped in J-10 the third generation high performance fighters in China.


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Tungsten alloy is used as collimator or radiation shielding in the following applications:

Geologging
Geologging is an exploration technique used mainly in the oil and gas industries. It is also known as wireline logging and borehole logging. A gamma ray source is lowered into a borehole and the radiation penetrates the rock strata. This data can then be analysed to determine whether deposits of gas or oil are present. Tungsten alloy is used to shield the radioactive source and to act as a collimator for the gamma beam.

Pipe-line Inspection
Gamma radiation is used to inspect welds and to detect cracks in pipelines. A gamma source is mounted on a remote-controlled wheeled trolley (sometimes called a "pig") and travels inside the length of the pipe. A tungsten collimator is used to direct the radiation onto the target, whilst the radioactive source is housed inside tungsten shielding.

Non Destructive Testing
Industrial radiography uses gamma radiation to detect structural faults in materials such as metal and concrete. As with pipe-line inspection, the equipment uses tungsten shielding, coupled with a tungsten collimator. Thickness, density and level gauging Radioactive sources are used in industrial processes to measure thickness, density or levels of materials during production e.g. paper, plastic film, steel sheet or surface coatings. The material passes between a radioactive source, which is housed in tungsten alloy, and a detector. The strength of the detector signal is used to measure the thickness, density or level of the material.


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