Nano Cesium Doped Tungsten Oxide Applied for Thermal Insulation Paper

Nano cesium doped tungsten oxide may be applied for preparing thermal insulation paper - a new type of environmentally friendly transparent heat insulation film. As you may have known, the chemical formula of cesium doped tungsten oxide is CsxWO3 (0<x<0.33). According to its chemical formula, the valence state of tungsten in the Cs doped tungsten oxide system is in a reduced state, and with the increase of cesium ions, the tungsten ions of low valence state increase, which indicates that a certain reducing atmosphere is required for the synthesis of cesium doped tungsten oxide powder. And as the doping amount of cesium ion increases, the requirement for the reducing atmosphere is higher.

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http://www.tungsten-powder.com/cesium-tungsten-bronze-chinatungsten.html

In this regard, experts say that citric acid and ethanol are used as reducing atmosphere. Carboxyl or hydroxyl groups in citric acid and ethanol can be oxidized to carbon dioxide or carboxyl groups at higher temperatures and pressures, while W6+ is reduced to W4+ or W5+. And the cesium ions are doped into the tungsten bronze structure to form cesium doped tungsten oxide powder.

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