In TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding, an arc is drawn between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and the work piece. The electrode, the arc and the weld pool are protected from the atmosphere with an inert shielding gas. For manual welding the hardfacing material is in the form of a rod. Advantages of the TIG process include simple manual operation and good control of the welding arc. The process can also be mechanised, in which case a manipulator is used to move the work piece in relation to the welding torch and the hardfacing rod.

Rods are also used for hardfacing with the Oxy Acetylene welding process. With the correct operation, a very low level of iron dilution can be achieved in the overlay.
Benefits of TIG Welding:
• Manual Operation
• Can Be Mechanised
• Low Dilution

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By running a roughing end mill at a desired speed and feed rate, you can save time and assure that the mill will not break under pressure.

1. Insert the roughing end mill into the holder. On a CNC machine, the holder will be large and will have an adjustable screw on the side. Line the flat area on the shaft with the crew and use an Allen wrench to tighten. When using a manual mill, insert into the collet that most closely fits the end mill.

2. Teach the roughing end mill according to the procedure that your CNC uses. Many CNC machines allow you to go into a teach mode, in which the spindle grabs the tool to be teached and lowers it slowly onto a probe.

3. On a manual mill, start the spindle at a slow speed and lower the roughing mill with the Z axis handle to the desired location. Depending on the material you are cutting, you want to adjust the speed accordingly.

4. Start the roughing process on a CNC mill. The machine will grab the roughing end mill from the tool turret and slowly bring it to s start position above and beyond the metal to be cut. Watch as the machine makes the first pass to make sure that it is roughing properly and that there is not excess pressure on the tool, because it may break if it is spinning too slowly while being fed too quickly.


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In this process an arc is drawn between a coated consumable electrode and the work piece. The metallic core-wire is melted by the arc and is transferred to the weld pool as molten drops. The electrode coating also melts to form a gas shield around the arc and the weld pool as well as slag on the surface of the weld pool, thus protecting the cooling weld pool from the atmosphere. The slag must be removed after each layer.

Manual Metal Arc welding is still a widely used hardfacing process. Due to the low cost of the equipment, the low operating costs of the process and the ease of transporting the equipment, this flexible process is ideally suited to repair work.

Benefits of MMA Welding are:
Flexible
Low Cost
Mobile
Ideal for Repairs 

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While tungsten carbide is noted for its remarkable durability, a tungsten carbide tool may need occasional sharpening if it is used regularly.

1. Determine if your tool needs sharpening. One easy way to decide if your tool is becoming dull is to see if it reflects light well. Shine is an indication of wear. You can also gently scrape a fingernail on a blade and see if it shaves off a sliver; if it does not, the blade is dull. Touch is not necessarily a good way to determine if a blade is sharp, as a dull tungsten carbide tool may still feel sharp.

2. Find a professional sharpening service. Sharpening tungsten carbide is not recommended for non-professionals, as it requires skill and specific sharpening machinery. Imprecise sharpening can ruin a tool, and a professional can restore a blade to like-new condition.

3. If you are interested in learning how to sharpen blades yourself, it is recommended that you locate a teacher.

4. Tungsten carbide tools require diamond for sharpening, due to their hardness. Wet grinding using an abrasive wheel on an automatic grinder is a very precise method of sharpening. It is also possible to sharpen a tool by using a diamond lap, but this is very imprecise and time-consuming.


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