Where Do X-rays Come From?

An x-ray machine, like that used in a doctor's or a dentist's office, is really very simple, but inside the machine is an x-ray tube, then X-rays come from that. An electron gun inside the tube shoots high energy electrons at a target made of heavy atoms, such as tungsten material. X-rays come out because of atomic processes induced by the energetic electrons shot at the target, but tungsten material has good radiation protection ability as its high density raging from 17.0~18.5g/cm3.

As we know, X-ray production whenever electrons of high energy strike a heavy metal target, such as tungsten target. When electrons hit this material, some of the electrons will approach the nucleus of the metal atoms where they are deflected because of there opposite charges (electrons are negative and the nucleus is positive, so the electrons are attracted to the nucleus). This deflection causes the energy of the electron to decrease, and this decrease in energy then results in forming an x-ray, finally reach the wonderful radiation shielding protection.

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