Characteristics and Classification of China’s Tungsten Deposits

The first tungsten deposit in China was discovered in 1908, and since the end of 1920s, the annual output of tungsten in China has averagely made up 40 percent of the total annual tungsten output of the world.

The basic geological characteristics of China’s tungsten deposits might be summarized as wide in distribution ,numerous in production place, large in size ,rich in grade, complex in associated components and varied in ore deposit types. In addition, China’s tungsten resources are famous in the world for its highly developed quartz vein type tungsten deposits.

The classification of tungsten deposits depends mainly on the research level of their geneses. Polynary metallogenic should serve as the major basis for this classification, and whether the ore-prospecting prognostic information can be provided or not is also a principle for classification.

China’s tungsten deposits can be classified into rock-controlled tungsten deposits and stratabound ones. The former is further divided into two subclasses, i.e., crust-derived tungsten deposits and tungsten deposits from mixed crust-mantle sources, and the latter also into two subclasses , namely, reworked tungsten deposits and superimposed ones, with the addition of modern supergene tungsten deposits. Finally, these deposits are divided into a number of types according to ore-forming process. A simplified classification is given in the paper.

Tungsten deposits are distributed all over 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of China. With 30° north latitude as the boundary, this paper divides China into North China and South China and differentiates sixteen metallogenic belts which are described in detail.

 

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