Electrochromic Tungsten Trioxide Film

It has been reported that some researchers prepared electrochromic tungsten trioxide film by spray pyrolysis under various conditions using tungsten chloride (WCl6) to dissolve in 50% ethanol–50% water. And it was found that all the as-deposited electrochromic tungsten trioxide films were amorphous and dark. When annealed, they became crystallized and transparent. In the preparation process, the researchers also studied the structure and the composition of these films, before and after annealing.

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The X-ray diffraction diagrams revealed that all the annealed films consisted of the monoclinic WO3 phase. The electron probe microanalysis revealed an over stoichiometry of oxygen for the unannealed films. The optical properties as well as the structure of the annealed films prepared at different spray rates were also determined. The optical gap was determined from reflection and transmission spectra. All annealed samples exhibited a reversible electrochromic effect in the presence of an acid electrolyte as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry and optical transmission measurements.

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