Tungsten Oxide Small Size Effect

When the size of the tungsten oxide material is as small as nanometers, the tungsten oxide material exhibits different physical and chemical properties from those of conventional materials. Nano-sized tungsten oxide materials will produce small size effects, surface effects, quantum size effects and tunneling effects, resulting in new properties of acoustic, optical, electrical, magnetic and thermal properties.

The small size effect of tungsten oxide means that when the size of the tungsten oxide particles is equal to or smaller than the light wavelength, the de Broglie wavelength and the physical characteristics such as the coherence length or the transmission depth of the superconducting state, the atomic density near the particle surface layer decreases. Resulting in new physical properties such as light, electricity, and heat. For ultrafine particles, the size becomes smaller and the specific surface area also increases significantly, resulting in a series of novel properties as follows.

The solid of large size has a fixed melting point, and when it is ultrafine it is found that its melting point will be significantly reduced. For example, silver has a conventional melting point of 670 ° C. When the silver particles are micronized, the melting point is reduced below 100 ° C. Nanomaterials have a large interface. The atomic arrangement of interfaces is quite chaotic. It is possible to control the arrangement of the lattice at the atomic or molecular level. Therefore, nanomaterials can exhibit better toughness and strength in terms of mechanical properties. The nanocrystalline ceramic material compacted from nanosized ultrafine particles has better toughness than the average ceramic material.。

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