According to different applications, tungsten carbide button producing requires middle or macro tungsten carbide grain size.

Tungsten carbide grain size affects tungsten carbide button properties from the following aspects:

1.Wear resistance and hardness. Tungsten carbide button hardness is related to cobalt content and tungsten carbide grain size. With the increase of cobalt content and tungsten carbide grain size, tungsten carbide button wear resistance and hardness decrease. The finer the tungsten carbide grain size, the better the wear resistance.

2.Bending strength. If the tungsten carbide grain size is 2um, bending strength arises with cobalt content. If tungsten carbide grain size is between 3um-5um, bending strength arises at the beginning along with cobalt content.

3,Fracture toughness. For the tungsten carbide button with the same cobalt content, if the tungsten carbide grain size is larger, then the fracture toughness is higher. On the contrary the smaller the tungsten grain size is, the lower the fracture toughness will be.


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Tungsten carbide carbon content is an important factor that will affect tungsten carbide properties.

1.Bending strength. Normally, bending strength reaches largest where the carbon content is high for the low cobalt content tungsten carbide YG10. For the high cobalt content tungsten carbide YG20, bending strength reaches largest where the carbon content is low. Carbon content too much or less will affects the bending strength of tungsten carbide button.

2.Hardness. The change of carbon content will result in the fluctuation of tungsten carbide phase and cobalt phase. When the carbon content is insufficient, binder phase decreases thus the hardness falls down.

3.Density. If the carbon content decrease, then the density increases. If carbon content increases, tungsten carbide button density decreases.

4.Corrosive resistance. A bit carbon content combines cobalt content will increase the corrosive resistance of tungsten carbide button. On the contrary, exceeded carbon content will lower the corrosive resistance of tungsten carbide button.


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Using scanning electron observed tungsten oxides aggregate exterior morphology and the internal structure found little difference in different tungsten oxides, which have retained the appearance characteristics of raw material APT. But the particle size change largely. Different tungsten oxides surface features are not quite the same which observed by high-powered electron microscope. Including yellow tungsten oxide and blue tungsten oxide which the W₂₀O₅₈ and ATB are main phase large particles have varying degrees fragmentation and full of cracks. The morphology of violet tungsten is different with other three tungsten oxide. Its particles are loose and large which is made up of needle-like or rod-like grains.

Observe the internal structure of tungsten oxide aggregate found all the internal structure of tungsten oxides have a wealth of cracks, on the other hand violet tungsten oxide not only has rich crack and the interior particles are needle or rod shape. This structure making violet tungsten oxide has large particle voids, making its particles more loosely, so it is conducive to the hydrogen get into particle inside and steam escape in reduction process. So that the reduction reaction may take place not only at the surface, can occur simultaneously in the interior, beside the reaction speed is quick and tungsten powder are fine and uniform.

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Tungsten oxide is an important raw material for producing carbide. With the carbide industry development the quality and performance of the products have become more sophisticated. So to understand the performance of tungsten oxide for producing carbide with high performance has a significant advantage. Almost all tungsten oxides are based on APT (ammonium noon) as raw materials and calcined to produce. With different calcine conditions, the tungsten oxide powder is different. For example, using the same batch APT as raw material through different calcination process will produce violet tungsten oxide, blue tungsten oxide and yellow tungsten oxide. Each one has its own unique crystal structure, so they are not quite the same physical properties.

Violet tungsten oxide phase component is WO_2.72 for its unique crystal structures so much use for producing fine tungsten oxide powder and fine tungsten carbide powder. Blue tungsten oxide phase component in theory is WO_2.97. But in the actual blue tungsten oxide is typically a mixture of many tungsten oxides, including yellow or violet tungsten oxide phase. Yellow tungsten oxide has various crystal forms with different calcination temperature will obtain different WO₃ crystal form. At a calcination temperature of 700 ℃ may producing orthorhombic tungsten trioxide.



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