Russian media: China's rare earth export policy from their own strategic considerations

According to Russian media reports, China 's WTO requires its not on the rare earth export quota system " ignored ." China announced the first half of the year 2014 the quota situation , then, will the international market supply 15,110 tons of rare earth materials. And ( 2013 ) in the second half compared to a decrease of 2.5% in quantity .

China controls 95% of the world's rare earth market . November , when , and its largest importer in - the U.S., EU , and Japan 's defeat in World Trade lawsuit . WTO to support these countries against China 's rare earth export restrictions complaint . WTO believes that the quota system violated the free trade regime.

This case has a sensational effect . In the history of the WTO , the first time a player wins three geopolitical monopoly lawsuit against the rare countries in the arbitration court. Everyone is waiting for China's counterclaim , but not limited to counterclaims. China has made to reduce the reverse quotas, quotas and all of a sudden decrease of 2.5 %. World metal market experts believe that this percentage is quite huge. This decision will lead to rare or scarce supply , prices rise.

In this way, China once again so that we understand , will continue to implement its own rules of conduct in this area. Asia-Pacific Research Center Director Sergei ? Luke Ning believes that China's move from their own strategy. He said: " China 's rare earth export restrictions in full compliance with the relevant government strategy to modernize the economy . This decision will force foreign companies to move to China's domestic high-tech production capacity . In addition, through this initiative , China can win a favorable position in the EU, U.S. and Japan on WTO negotiations on aspects of the complaint . It appears that China will conduct negotiations on the issue of its products into the U.S. and European markets . The use of rare earth export quota for the way China is trying in these negotiations Ringside ' terrain ' . Furthermore, Chinese companies use those rare because quotas can not enter the international market , can produce a more competitive high-tech equipment . Then, smoothly into the U.S., EU and Japan markets. "

China introduced new quota of rare earth , even to reduce its supply , it is not unexpected for the experts . Between the major competitors in this trade war or other platforms are periodically increase the number of revolutions . Moreover , the WTO from the essence of reality is there is no effect of leverage. Decisions made ​​by the agency , the most they can become a piece of paper on the table officials , Luke Ning think so.

He said: " Perhaps, the WTO will take some supplementary response measures . For example, you can implement the new tariffs on Chinese exports of equipment. But I think that , in this respect , the WTO may not be able to win anything. Such as the production of rare earth resources needed for electronic goods , almost all concentrated in China . These products accounted for 70-80 % of the world market. Europe can not refuse imports of computer and telephone from China . WTO does not take serious measures against China restrictive . You know, these measures will the company's interests to those engaged in this business a blow . China's export tariff measures utilized complementary , will the United States , European Union and Japan assembled in China these products company profits will cause harm. "

It is worth mentioning that Chinese competitors will continue to keep a close eye to take hold of all aspects of its strategy . Moreover, this pressure will be more severe and more coordinated. Exports of rare earths used to be , the future will be one of the major political and economic leverage China . Designer of China's reform Deng Xiaoping once said that the Middle East has oil , China has rare earths. Now, China 's opponents tried to let it lose this advantage. That is, the trade war will dusty field .


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December 18 rare earth products price quotes

December 18 rare earth products price quotes

Name Specifications Origin / Mark Reference Price Average Change
Rare earth carbonate REO 42.0-45.0% Domestic 26000-27000 yuan / ton 26500 -1000
Lanthanum oxide La2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 22000-23000 yuan / ton 22500 0
Cerium oxide CeO2/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 23000-25000 yuan / ton 24000 0
Praseodymium oxide Pr6O11/TREO 99.0-99.9% Domestic 560000-580000 yuan / ton 570000 0
Neodymium oxide Nd2O3/TREO 99.0-99.9% Domestic 315000-325000 yuan / ton 320000 0
Samarium oxide Sm2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 18000-19000 yuan / ton 18500 0
Europium oxide Eu2O3/TREO 99.95-99.99% Domestic 4500-4700 yuan / kg 4600 0
Gadolinium oxide Gd2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 164000-169000 yuan / ton 166500 -1000
Terbium oxide Tb4O7/TREO 99.95-99.99% Domestic 3300-3500 yuan / kg 3400 -50
Dysprosium oxide Dy2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 1700-1800 yuan / kg 1750 -50
Erbium oxide Er2O3/TREO 99.5-99.9% Domestic 340000-350000 yuan / ton 345000 -2500
Yttria Y2O3/TREO 99.995-99.999% Domestic 55000-65000 yuan / ton 60000 0
Praseodymium , neodymium oxide (Nd2O3 + Pr6O11) / TREO ≥ 75.0% Domestic 310000-320000 yuan / ton 315000 0
Metal lanthanum La / TREM ≥ 99.0% Domestic 53000-55000 yuan / ton 54000 0
Metal cerium Ce / TREM ≥ 99.0% Domestic 58000-62000 yuan / ton 60000 0
Metal Pr Pr / TREM 96.0-99.0% Domestic 590000-610000 yuan / ton 600000 0
Neodymium Nd / TREM 99.0-99.9% Domestic 410000-420000 yuan / ton 415000 0
Metal terbium Tb / TREM ≥ 99.9% Domestic 4800-4900 yuan / kg 4850 0
Dysprosium Dy / TREM ≥ 99% Domestic 2800-3000 yuan / kg 2900 0
Metal yttrium Y / TREM 99.9-99.95% Domestic 270-290 yuan / kg 280 0
Lanthanum cerium metal Ce / TREM ≥ 65.0% TREM ≥ 98.5% Domestic 45000-47000 yuan / ton 46000 0
Praseodymium neodymium metal Pr / TREM 20-25% Nd / TREM 75-80% TREM ≥ 98.5% Domestic 390000-400000 yuan / ton 395000 0
Praseodymium , neodymium and dysprosium metal TREM ≥ 99.0% Domestic 425000-435000 yuan / ton 430000 0
Battery grade mixed rare earth TREM ≥ 99.0% Nd / TREM ≥ 15% Domestic 135000-145000 yuan / ton 140000 0
Dy alloy Dy80% Domestic 1950000-2050000 yuan / ton 2000000 0



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Launched the National Movement Yang Huang Yan rare earth plant shut off do not go home without

Green Gathering Chairman Huang said it will launch a national movement off the Lynas rare earth plant , rare plants and threatened to do if he will not go home. He said , reaching millions of people in the anti- rare earth plant after signing his anti- rare earth plant to bring the sport to another level . He hoped that the people support the Lynas rare earth plant shut campaign , let this anti- pollution campaign a success.

Huang Taiping this afternoon, when the sun and the Pacific Shared Services team members for lunch , said he traveled to Australia recently anti- Lynas , two members of Congress to get the country 's support for him in just 36 days , was able to raise one million signatures surprised. He thanked the public to give him cooperation on anti- Lynas rare earth plant movement , which shows the national anti- pollution awareness has improved.


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December 18 rare earth market price quotes

RE market downturn, a downward trend in prices of some products . Downstream market orders scarce, actually lukewarm . Watching the market atmosphere .

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 170-180 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 195-205 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 560,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 22,000-23,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 23,000-25,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 310,000-320,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 390,000-400,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,500-4,700 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade tax price of mainstream manufacturers 3,400-3,500 yuan / kg.


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Development of rare earth industry or for environmental benefit

In 2013 , the rare earth industry as a whole is still in a downturn cycle. The industry is facing pressure from the three areas , firstly, the global economic slowdown , sluggish demand ; Second , diversified global supply of rare earth gradually formed ; Third , alternative technologies and the reduction of rare earth technology came into being . 2014 , under the aura of energy saving policy , China 's rare earth industry will usher in new opportunities to promote the application is an important driving force for sustainable development of the industry .

2013 , the global economy there are many uncertainties . In the United States as the representative of the world economy is recovering slowly and with difficulty . European debt crisis , high unemployment rate , the market is likely to have been structural damage , is expected before mid-2014 is difficult to pick up. China 's GDP growth will continue to drop . IMF latest report predicts that in 2013 , China 's economic growth will slow to 7.6 % in 2014 will continue to decline to 7.3 %. Lack of support from the rare earth industry, the macroeconomic level.

Downturn in the market , the Chinese rare earth export quota system in name only. 2013 , China's rare earth export quotas for the 31,001 tons , 30,996 tons and in 2012 was essentially flat . However , affected by the world economic slowdown and other factors raise the price of rare earth export quotas in recent years can not be exhausted. Chinese Customs statistics data show that in 2012 over rare earth ores, metals and compounds exports 16,265 tons , down 3.5% , completed only 52.5 percent of export quotas . Although Chinese exports of rare earths and their products have increased over last year , due to the rare-earth prices fall, the 2013 export value has shrunk dramatically. As of October , China 's total exports of 377.8 million tons of rare earth and its products , representing an increase of 14.9% ; contrast , exports amounted to $ 1,693,623,000 , down 46.7% .

Development of rare earth supply diversification and alternative technologies may make China Rare Earth face more cold winter.

In recent years, rare earth development within countries the United States, Canada , Australia and South Africa continue to accelerate , diversify rare earth supplies will undoubtedly impact of China 's rare earth industry . The United States has gradually restored reconstruction of rare earth industry chain. In addition to increased exploration and mining of rare earth minerals, other than to resume production of rare earth raw materials , but also to restore and expand the production capacity of some rare earth functional materials. According to the U.S. Congressional Research and Services Center (CRS) estimates that in 2010, the United States accounted for 3.3 % of the U.S. rare earth magnetic total amount of rare earths by 2015 this figure will reach 13%. March 2013 , Japan announced the mud found a large number of rare earth resources in the seabed surrounding the South Bird Island , and will be evaluated in 2015 began to discuss the feasibility of commercial development .

Rare Chinese rare earth supply diversification bring influence is not limited to raw materials . Japan, the United States and other countries have recently launched a new round of patent wars , paving the way for competition in the market under a wide range of rare earth supply , greatly limits the Chinese overseas markets rare earth functional materials.

At the same time , rare earth prices soared in 2011 to promote the development of rare earth direct alternative technologies and minimization techniques. Two years later , part of the technology has begun to mature , the market impact is gradually becoming apparent. Such as neodymium and dysprosium in the amount of more than halved and diminished performance , such as high-end alternative to the high cost of NdFeB ferrite and rare earth polishing materials for low-cost alternative products. In terms of light-emitting materials , technological progress has brought crucial changes . LED light-emitting materials, have significantly reduced the number of applicable than trichromatic fluorescent material. If one gram flour to produce 20 9W LED white LED lights , LED rare earth powder 40% to 50%, while 1 g three-color dye to produce only a 9 watt tricolor lights, europium and other expensive elements of the amount will be significantly reduced. LED light flux is generally 100lm / W or more, and three-color lights generally only 60lm / W or so. With LED lights increased production and lower prices in the future will be more to replace tricolor lights, especially in the heavy rare earth consumption will also reduce the amount of rare earths .

In the weak demand and lower supply of diverse backgrounds, in 2014 , China is expected to greatly benefit from the rare earths energy saving rapid development of related industries .

February 2013 , the National Development and Reform Commission published the " Guiding Catalogue of products and services focused on strategic emerging industries" , which involves a lot of , including new energy, new materials, new energy vehicles , energy saving and other emerging industries using rare earth materials.

Among them, the new energy vehicles will become an important force to promote rare earth permanent magnets . June 2012 introduced the " " five- saving environmental protection industry development plan " ," proposed to demonstrate the promotion of rare earth permanent magnet coreless motors and other energy-efficient motor technology and equipment universities ; required to accelerate the development and demonstration of new vehicles and new power battery hybrid cars electromechanical coupling dynamic system, vehicle dynamic systems and power generation equipment and other technical equipment used . At the same time issued the " energy-saving and new energy automotive industry development plan" further believes that energy-saving and new energy vehicles have become the development direction of the international automotive industry over the next 10 years will usher in the global automotive industry transformation and upgrading of important strategic opportunities . "Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Action Plan " issued in September 2013 is clearly more to speed up the elimination of old vehicles, the promotion of new energy vehicles .

According to the plan , by 2015, China will be the cumulative production of new energy vehicles, 500,000 , in 2020 more than 5 million . About the relative contrast , in 2013 China produced only 10,000 new energy vehicles . This means that the new energy automobile demand for rare earth permanent magnet materials in 2014 could add 20 to 30 times over the next seven years, the average annual demand will reach 5,000 tons.


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