The refractory and corrosion resistant tungsten metal is often used as cathode in the production of rare earth metals by molten salt electrolysis. Tungsten cathode usually works at the electrolyte temperature of 1000 ~ 1100 ℃, the electrolytic current of 5500 ~ 6000 A and the electrolytic voltage of 10V. The service life of a tungsten cathode with 80 mm x 780 mm is 6 to 7 months. The most serious loss of tungsten cathode is the middle part above molten salt level, which is mainly related to the oxidation of electrodes at high temperature.

Calcium tungstate (CaWO₄) is a self-excited phosphor, which is an effective luminescent material under X-ray, electron and ultraviolet excitation. Blue fluorescence was observed under 253.7 nm ultraviolet irradiation. The peak wavelength of emission spectrum was 423 nm and the half width was 120 nm. It emits blue light under the excitation of cathode rays. Because of its excellent blue fluorescence, it has been widely used in luminescent coatings, fluorescent lamps, neon lights, X-ray fluorescent screens, scintillation counters and lasers.

Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most widely used methods to treat cancer in clinic. Its main principle is to inhibit the proliferation of cancer by using high intensity ionizing radiation (X-ray or gamma-ray) with very strong penetrating force.

Pearlescent pigments consist of metal oxide coated mica. Because of their excellent chemical corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, pearlescent pigments have been widely used in building decoration, ink, automotive paint, textile printing and other fields. So far, the mature pearlescent pigments are titanium oxide (titanium dioxide) / tin oxide (SnO₂) / iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) - mica pearlescent pigments.

Nitrogen oxides (NO_x) are toxic and harmful gases that cause environmental problems such as acid rain and photochemical smog and pose a great threat to human beings. It is very important for human health to study high performance gas sensitive materials and devices for accurate detection and monitoring of nitrogen oxides.

Heteropoly acids with Keggin structure generally refer to inorganic compounds expressed in the following general chemical formulas. They are one of the most active catalysts used in acid catalytic reactions and redox reactions. It has good catalytic properties for the hydration and esterification of olefins, etherification of epoxides, alkylation of olefins and aldehydes, epoxidation of olefins and alkyl aromatization, etc. It has wide applications in petrochemical industry.

China's tungsten reserves are the first in the world, but with wolframite resources becoming scarce, the mining focus has gradually shifted to scheelite. How to develop efficient scheelite smelting process has become an important subject of tungsten metallurgy.

In 1993, the advent of LED brought a significant revolution in the field of lighting. Then in 1996, the first white LED solid light source was developed by using GaN-LED chip and YAG: Ce³⁺ phosphor to emit white light. Since then, white LED has surpassed incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp and other lighting sources with the advantages of small size, low calorific value, low power consumption, long life, fast reaction speed, environmental protection and planar packaging.

With the rapid development of automotive industry, sulfur pollution caused by combustion of automotive fuels is becoming more and more serious. Strict sulfur content standards for gasoline and diesel have been formulated in various countries and regions of the world. Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is usually used in industry to remove sulfides from gasoline and diesel.

Health is one of the most concerned topics. With the improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for antimicrobial materials and antimicrobial products will continue to increase.