China's rare earth industry development bottleneck problem faced

Rare is an important strategic resource , known as " industrial vitamins " , widely used in the new energy , new materials , electronic information , aerospace and other fields. At present , China's rare earth production accounted for an absolute position , more than 90% of global annual demand . But the rare earth industry big but not strong , exports hit U.S. and European complaints side , the other side due to environmental pollution , resource utilization is low, the lack of core technology and low excess capacity and other issues have long plagued the healthy development of the industry .

( A ) serious environmental pollution problems , the high cost of governance

Direct contamination of rare earth mining mountains, rivers , green vegetation , soil , so rich in the United States , Australia and rare earth resources , over the years has been to limit exploitation by low-priced imports to meet domestic demand for rare earths , which is mainly based on the consideration of resource extraction over environmental damage.

China's rare earth resource distribution has a " South Ganzhou , north of Baotou ," said. Rich in heavy rare earth resources in Ganzhou , pool leaching of heavy rare earth mining have been used , resulting in vegetation, soil destruction , ammonia leaching, acid precipitation and other processes as well as heavy metal wastewater generated easily lead to serious environmental damage and the mountain water pollution . Although in recent years began to use in-situ leaching process , but still exists geological structural damage and chemical spills and other risks. In the light rare earth -based Baotou , light rare earth mining and smelting mineral separation process as easily lead to environmental pollution problems , such as the Bayan Obo ore containing uranium thorium 0.04% to 0.01% , in the development and utilization process, prone to waste water, waste gas, waste , " industrial waste " has become more prominent in Baotou environmental problems .

The high cost of environmental pollution , and even far more revenue . 2012 , the Ministry said , "the price paid by the mining of rare earth shocking , preliminary estimates, environmental pollution is only one place because Ganzhou rare earth mining caused environmental restoration governance costs as high as 38 billion yuan ." And in 2011 the province of Jiangxi Rare main revenue 32.9 billion yuan , the profit was only 6.4 billion yuan , the high cost of environmental pollution , making the rare earth mining outweigh the benefits.

Low ( two ) resource efficiency , tax regulation limited

Exploitation of rare earth resources, low efficiency , there is a private mining digging and so on. At present , China's state-owned enterprises tons of rare earth mining recovery rate of only 60 % recovery of large private enterprises is only 40% , while the number of private mining digging small business or even less than 5%.

At present, China's rare earth resources in the overall tax burden is too low to give full play to the tax policy should be the role of protected resources . Rare earth ore resources tax , the light rare earths including bastnaesite , monazite , $ 60 per ton ; heavy rare earth including xenotime , ionic rare earth ore per ton to $ 30. The measure, from the rare earth ore into rare earth oxides, such as light rare earth, rare earth oxides tonne resource valuation allowances between 1200-1500 yuan . The RE has an important strategic value that the current market downturn , cerium oxide, praseodymium and other light rare earth products in the market price of 20,000 yuan to 570,000 yuan / ton. This calculation, praseodymium oxide resource tax valuation at 0.2%. China's dependence on imports up to 60% of the iron ore resource tax valuation of about 2.5% ( the amount of first-class resource taxes paid into the furnace open pit mine is about 25 yuan / ton ) , ten times the praseodymium oxide , iron ore resources tax burden is much higher than rare .

(C ) the lack of core technology of high-end and low-end products overcapacity

Although after years of development, but the majority of our rare earth enterprises to master technology is still in the low-end , due to the lack of core technology , processing enterprises homogeneity , mainly in NdFeB , luminescent materials and nickel- metal hydride batteries, other high-tech industrial applications few aspects involved , resulting in a large number of China's rare earth export of primary products on the one hand , and the need to import expensive deep- processed products . Meanwhile, foreign companies monopolize high-end core technology, European countries set up technical barriers to trade , China's deep-processing enterprises is difficult to introduce cutting-edge technology , leading to the rare earth deep-processing industry and international standards China has a large gap .

In addition , the low-end product homogeneity rare capacity expansion too fast , some areas have been signs of excess product . China's rare earth permanent magnet materials accounted for over 80 % of the national production of rare earth new materials , but high -quality magnetic materials only 10 % of its production . According to statistics , China's rare earth permanent magnet materials production capacity of 30 million metric tons, while the annual production only in 1989 when tons of capacity utilization is less than 30%.


Rare Earth Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.chinatungsten.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email:  sales@chinatungsten.com
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

• < Prev
• Next >