Fear of further development of rare earth industry, graphite footsteps

The survey found that in Heilongjiang Province as the representative of the graphite industry is experiencing the same dilemma with the rare earth industry : irrational industrial structure, low level of resource utilization , lack of technological innovation , market disorder , etc. , resulting in lower graphite mineral resources of this strategy price lost overseas , causing damage to the national interest .

Graphite is a strategic non-metallic mineral resources, can be widely used in new materials , machinery, energy , defense, aerospace industry and other fields , is China's second outside another advantage of rare earth minerals . China, as the graphite reserves the richest countries , proven ore reserves of about 20 million tons, accounting for 72% of world reserves of graphite ; graphite resources in Heilongjiang Province over 60% of the country's total reserves .

Some experts worry that , according to current mining methods and speed of the country after decades of proven graphite resources will be depleted , when China imported from abroad high graphite graphite graphite great country into poor countries .

"low high intake " and " to purchase on behalf of mining "

Insiders, although graphite resource more precious, the future market prospects, but the overall development of our country graphite industry in poor condition, a large number of high-quality natural graphite exporting primary products at lower prices , than developed countries in the implementation of the reserve will be processed into high -end and then sold back to the domestic graphite products .

Foreigners put our graphite raw materials processed into high-end products and then sell at high prices to come back a few times , people really very sad . Liujin Zhu said that more than half of their products directly or indirectly sold abroad, these graphite primary products around three or four thousand one ton price to exit after being processed into 120,000 yuan a membrane artificial heart valve or other high-end graphite fluoride graphite products , domestic and imported again .

Heilongjiang Province, Graphite Industry Association Secretary-General Chen Yu Qun , graphite is China's traditional export commodities , China has about nearly a thousand graphite enterprises, mainly produces middle and low carbon graphite , high purity graphite , micronized graphite and expandable graphite and other products. These graphite products are mainly exported to the U.S. , Japan, EU, ​​South Korea and other countries. Currently selling price of 2,000 yuan per ton -4000 yuan, but after re-imported Chinese foreign purification process , the price per ton $ 100,000 -20 million .

Heilongjiang Province, Graphite Industry Association statistics show that the world's major graphite producing countries , India , Pakistan , Canada, North Korea and other countries , accounting for over 90% of world production . United States, Japan , Germany, Britain and other developed countries is the world's major consumer of graphite , graphite demand accounts for about 80% of total world demand .

Science and Technology Department of Heilongjiang Province , Suzhou Sinoma Non-metallic Minerals Industry Design and Research Institute experts, some developed countries have graphite deposits , but taking into account its importance , rarity and the exploitation of environmental costs , are taking their own resources as a strategic resource graphite for reserves , limiting exploitation in favor of China and other countries from cheap imports of graphite primary products used in the production or reserves .

Chinese Academy of Engineering Zhou believes that because China did not have the graphite processing core technology and advanced processing technique of graphite few countries such as United States, Japan EU monopoly led to China's graphite resources "low high into the " foreign " to purchase on behalf of mining " the long-term existence of the state .

Low disorderly development seriously

Insiders pointed out that , as the representative of Heilongjiang graphite industry is facing irrational industrial structure, lack of technological innovation , low-end products vicious competition , low utilization of mineral resources issues, such as not regulated and managed , after decades may so that our great country into graphite from graphite poor countries .

Irrational industrial structure of graphite , vicious competition in the low-end products more prominent . Heilongjiang Province, Han Yufeng Industry Association, said graphite , graphite enterprise of the irrational , the production concentration is low, small-scale enterprises , the primary low-grade product yield, lower prices among the enterprises , market disorder . In particular graphite products through 2010 , 2011 stir-fried , Henan, Hebei , Shandong, Shanxi and other provinces capacity rapid and disorderly growth , low- price products began to seize the domestic market share.

Reporters in the " China Graphite Capital" Jixi , " Chinese graphite City" Luobei other places to see , where some companies use graphite mining is still twenty or thirty years ago, equipment and technology, high energy consumption, heavy pollution and low productivity .

Jixi Municipal Development and Reform Commission deputy director Huang Zuwen , the domestic enterprises graphite mining, beneficiation process for decades without major changes , many graphite companies in a " small, scattered , chaotic," the production, processing conditions and environmental protection issues outstanding. The technology and equipment behind , causing the graphite flotation recovery is not high, there are still a lot of tailings discharged graphite , resulting in a waste of resources .

Heilongjiang Province graphite producing some grassroots cadres and the masses , the local graphite resources indiscriminate chaos dig , abandoning the poor to the rich mining , extensive management, low management level, the phenomenon is relatively common, mining and processing of rendered disordered state. Even in resource exploitation luobei unified planning , there are also graphite beneficiation production line low-level redundant construction of the phenomenon.

In addition , by the lack of funds , personnel shortages and monopoly of foreign technology and other factors, lack of innovative capacity of the graphite industry , high-tech applications slow product development , product technology content is not high, the industry advantage is not strong. As the main body of graphite product technology research and development enterprise , the lack of awareness of technological research and innovation , research and serious shortage of investment capital . In Jixi , for example, participation in Association survey of 37 graphite enterprises, investment in R & D expenses only four , all R & D expenses of only the main business income of 3.8%.

Some experts worry that even though China is the world 's most abundant resources of graphite countries, but graphite is a non-renewable resources , according to the current mining methods and speed of up to 20 years , China has proven graphite resources will be depleted , when China priced imports from abroad, graphite, graphite graphite great country into poor countries .

Overcapacity issues highlighted

Han Yufeng as graphite Industry Association of Heilongjiang Province , Heilongjiang Province is also deputies. In recent years, she used her identity in these different occasions , in various ways to the higher authorities reported on "Protection of graphite mineral resources , the regulation capacity production , to maintain market stability ," the proposal.

Currently the country has a serious surplus production capacity of graphite , Heilongjiang Province is no exception. Han Yufeng said that although graphite is an important strategic resource , extremely versatile , but the current market is still unable to achieve unlimited expansion , resulting in the graphite market situation showed a cyclical changes . Namely the market demand increases , prices of graphite products , investment inflows , graphite production capacity , production increases, followed by supply and demand imbalance , prices fell , the market downturn , output prices both fell , efficiency of the sector in the doldrums, the market competition intensifies, companies fall into the abyss . Then as demand improved , they began a new cycle is basically a period of 3-5 years .

According to the Heilongjiang Provincial graphite industry association statistics analysis, due to sluggish world economic situation , market demand , graphite some products in the two years of product demand, prices skyrocket after the brilliant , began to decline in the second half of 2011 .

Analysis of the industry , the future industrial development will be graphite efficient use of resources , intensive processing trends , mainly in the following areas: development of industrial clusters more obvious characteristics , the main producing areas of the government increasing emphasis on the development of the graphite industry is to promote industry accelerate the development of important factors ; accelerate the pace of industrial restructuring , fostering large enterprise , eliminate backward small businesses, achieve economies of scale , industrialization, toward the direction of deep processing products and products development ; new products, new technology research and development will be to promote the industry development of the fundamental driving force, deep processing of high-end graphite , graphite core technology will become the center of the industrial core companies compete battlefield ; conserve resources, protect the environment will become an important part of industrial development ; export situation will be new changes , restrictions and initial processing ore exports encourage deep processing, higher value added products , will promote the export product structure was further optimized.

Strategic resources to attract global attention

Chen Yu Qun analysis, with the surging and high-tech modern industrial advances, especially developed countries in the world more and more attention on the graphite , the international market demand will maintain rapid growth, making graphite market prospects are very broad.

First, natural graphite resources are unevenly distributed, and medium-sized graphite ore concentrated in a few countries , particularly developing resource development policy shift on graphite , graphite primary products in the international market supply will be affected , graphite may become the international market controlled minerals.

Second , high-tech , strategic emerging field of graphite will create a broader space for development. TIMCAL graphite and carbon chemical company , SGL Carbon Group, and a few other multinational companies have developed a number of high-tech graphite deep processing technology and products. As the world advances in technology, new materials, graphite applied more widely .

Third, the integration of the world economy continue to strengthen the worldwide production factors will accelerate the free flow and optimized allocation , unified world market will further expand the scope and areas for the development of international trade graphite provide convenient conditions .

Especially the emergence of graphene has attracted global research boom , and even become the new technological revolution driven by a popular material .

Chinese Academy of Engineering, Tu Hailing such introduction, there is a voice that graphene could replace silicon in future , become a micro-nano electronics industry supporting material . Graphene used in chip area can be greatly increased speed chip ; made ​​of a lithium -ion battery cathode materials can significantly improve battery performance ; made ​​of super- capacitors , the charging time of only 1 millisecond.

Expert analysis , the current industrial graphene has not yet formed , and once mass production will be the next one trillion industry. Great value upon graphite mining, investment funds will be flocked.

Protective development imperative

The industry believes that the graphite industry to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of rare earth resources also need to draw on national management and control model , from a nationwide regulation graphite production capacity, to encourage scientific and technological research and development, overall planning and graphite industry.

" overall planning graphite industries, Protection and Development of graphite resources is a priority. " Han Yufeng said that government departments deal with the chain of domestic graphite production capacity of rational planning , increase the control of resources , improve profitability and competitiveness of the whole industry , establish a reasonable price of graphite control mechanisms to avoid vicious speculation and price wars . Learn from rare earth resources management and control experience, strict regulation capacity production , maintaining market stability.

Huangzu Wen , Chen Yu Qun that, to put an end to low-level redundant construction, greater efforts in deep processing . Across the country to strictly enforce the " graphite industry access conditions " and " graphite industry access Announcement Interim Measures," graphite mining industry to eliminate low-level redundant construction, high energy consumption , low output , product recovery rate is low , serious environmental pollution enterprises have plans to Guantingbingzhuan . At the same time , encourage strong central enterprises and other large enterprises to adopt acquisition, merger, joint venture and other way to integrate graphite mining enterprises, improve industrial concentration , enhance corporate viability , and enhance industrial development potential.

Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Department , responsible person that should be in the Heilongjiang Provincial Construction domestic first-class scientific and technological innovation service platform, key laboratories and research centers, sharing of information resources , accelerate the transformation and application of graphite industry to continuously improve our capacity for independent innovation . And actively participate in international exchanges and cooperation , and enhancing our graphite industry research level and international status .


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