Has been a year and a half Chinese Rare Earth International Litigation October 26 outgoing messages , allegedly WTO (WTO) dispute settlement mechanism to complete panel ruled that the interim report , supports the United States , Japan and the EU against Chinese rare earth export restrictions policy violation aspirations. Rare international litigation failure means China will be forced on China 's rare earth export quotas of existing policies , rare earth export tariff adjustments , China 's rare earth export controls may have to end .

Media reports said the dispute panel 's interim report on the rare earth (Interimreport) has been distributed to parties to the dispute , the final report may be 6-8 weeks after the formal public . Up to now, the Ministry of Commerce , Ministry of Industry and the China Association of rare earth management departments and industry organizations have not confirmed the news to the outside world .

However, " China Business" reporter learned that , in the face of international litigation unfavorable situation , management has considered more flexible and rational policies instead of across the board, dogged terminal control , such as stress the importance of market allocation of mandatory production plan ways to improve the role, through the financial transfer payment to compensate for the rare earth resources , from the source to abate illegal mining of rare earth resources , overcapacity of power.

Worries losing

March 2012 United States, Japan and the EU to the WTO has brought tripartite trade disputes claims that the Chinese for 17 kinds of rare earth and tungsten, molybdenum export quotas and export taxes imposed restrictive measures . After fruitless bilateral consultations , in September 2012 , set up by the WTO Director-General panel to adjudicate . Prior to the 2011 WTO had ruled China for bauxite, coke ( 1605 , -9.00 , -0.56 % ) , magnesium and other 9 kinds of restrictions on exports of raw materials policy violates WTO rules .

"Once the Chinese really lost, rare earth industry may suffer from ' disaster ', Chinese rare earth export regime will be adjusted quotas and export tariffs will be subject to release under pressure , but the structure confusion, concentration is low , such as smuggling and trafficking phenomenon will rise. " October 31 , the investment adviser metallurgical industry researcher Weiqi Ning told reporters that , in the internal environment has not improved in the case , was forced to open the industry is bound to exacerbate difficulties.

Data show that from January to August this year , China's rare earth mining and smelting industry realized main business income of 45 billion yuan , down 14.9 percent , import and export volume of rare earth products $ 1.4 billion , down by 39.4% . January to August this year , the rare earth mining and smelting industry realized profits of only 3.2 billion yuan , down 62.1 percent .

Once the quota system liberalized, tariffs fall , rare earth export trade is bound to increase , which is partially dependent on the survival of rare earth companies that trade is good , in the framework of China 's rare earth industry and trade enterprises has been questioned , while relying on the existing the breeding of rare earth export quota system corruption are also concentrated in the trade sector , at the end of 2010 to 2011, a period of soaring prices of rare earth , rare earth export quota system rose to 50,000 yuan per ton from 500,000 yuan per ton , with the export quota system gradually inclined to producers , coupled with rare earth market slump , the current quota system basically nobody cares.

According to the Ministry of Industry and Raw Materials Division Office of Rare Jia Yinsong data provided by the country now has 1,594 rare earth companies issuing invoices . Theoretically, industry authorities and tax authorities could keep track of all rare earth production and circulation , thus take control of illegal rare earth industry chain , it can also eliminate some excess capacity .

But the reporter learned that the Chinese enterprises in the register of smelting separation is only 200 , that a large number of business enterprises in the invoices the business listings. This also means that there are a large number of rare earth invoices flowing non- manufacturing enterprises in the book possible.

From Guangdong Dongguan, a rare trader told reporters that they had customers from abroad at the "smell" to change the atmosphere, "Many have a long delay in considering the needs of customers orders, if the export quotas , they there will be many objects of inquiry , the price will certainly be reduced. "

Currently Chinese official did not disclose the progress of rare earth litigation , the dispute settlement procedures , the group will be in two weeks time another open meeting with the parties , review the aforementioned interim report , the panel report if China dissatisfied still have the right to the WTO Appellate Body of Appeal.

On October 26 at the " 2013 China Rare Earth Forum", the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association vice president, China Rare Earth Industry Association vice president Wang Qin said that , "WTO litigation involving rare earth nearing the end , the abolition of exports of rare earths quota management will also be on the agenda after the end of the case , it is recommended first began to consider a lighter rare earths . "

Excess " ills "

Beginning in 1998 as the policies implemented in rare earth export quota management in the eyes of many people in the industry are considered a temporary arrangement , they believe that when the domestic production order specifications, environmental remediation is complete, it can be canceled.

It is understood that after nearly five years after integration , China's rare earth enterprises of the top ten companies , mineral production capacity has accounted for 81% of the country's total capacity , smelting separation capacity accounted for 61.5% .

But unfortunately, not enough to make the treatment results and export quota policy after 15 years in the implementation of the conditions have quit because of rare black chain is still popular , so that national annual mandatory production plans are not implemented , rare earth oversupply the situation has been difficult to change.

Wang Qin available data show that China's rare earth smelting and separation capacity of 40 million metric tons, global demand is 12 million tons, according to the static figures to count, less than 30% operating rate . In general, rare earth materials , permanent magnet alloy production capacity of 250,000 tons , production is only 80,000 tons ; hydrogen storage alloy production capacity 30,000 tons , production is only 12,500 tons ; NdFeB enterprises in the field of new materials with nearly 200 , the annual production reached 1,000 tons , only more than 20.

Previously these traders from engaging in Dongguan earth downstream industries, because the market is in the doldrums career change , he said the reporter , rare earth prices fell after 2011 , the original " hungry " downstream industries will soon be "eat & rdquo ; into a surplus . Both upstream and downstream of this excess , so that rare earth prices in the past year and a half are maintained at low levels .

Wang Qin believes that rare earth price volatility is an important factor in the breeding of black chain repeatedly , she said, the illegal exploitation of rare earth mine is 4 million tons, smelting separation production of super- index or no index at 50,000 tons so, the amount of smuggling of rare earth in about 20,000 tons , seriously interfere with the normal production and distribution of rare earth order. And China Rare Earth Industry Association, Ma Rongzhang in August this year that the South separated ion ore smelting enterprises to obtain more than 70% of unknown origin .

Source control

In the past five years, rare earth consolidation , Minmetals , Chinalco , the color of mining, research and other Chinese steel strengthened with Shandong, Hunan and other places , and cooperation between enterprises at the provincial level level, Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Sichuan and other regions and enterprises , and increased merger and reorganization efforts, and achieved initial results .

In the event, as it involves the central and local , regional coordination with regional interests , rare earth resources has become the focus of the parties to compete , but also become a lot of local governments and tenant companies "negotiate" chips , and this delicate game for illegal mining, ultra- planned production of repeated planted the "seed" , overcapacity is difficult to resolve is also reasonable.

Jia Yinsong October 26 Speaking of deep-seated problems of rare earth industry , pointed out that part of the enterprise of illegal mining, in order to select iron , recycling of rare earth in the name of election " in some areas is not responsible for monitoring the implementation of the super- exploitation of indicators , taking acquiescence attitude. "

Wang Qin said that as China's rare earth resources distribution characteristics were located in poor and remote areas , economic development is relatively backward, overcapacity is the local government hopes to develop rare earth resources development and utilization of the local economy as a consequence .

" In developing countries, the development of rare earth resources and industrial development policy, should pay attention to the rational distribution area , central and local governments to properly handle the current and long-term relationship , to explore the establishment of mechanisms for the protection of rare earth resources and supporting the interests of the compensation mechanism , the use of transfer payments , etc. on resource protection area involved and corporate compensation. " Wang Qin said.


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Recently, some residents Lichuan to the newspaper reflected someone in Lichuan County Township of a mountain lake secretly exploitation of rare earth , resulting in sewage without any treatment directly discharged , serious damage to the local environment .

October 31 , the reporter went to the residents of said rare earth mining sites , found in a small pond formed by a number of venues , there are two men were working , reporters estimate there are more than thirty mouth reservoirs, above some pipes. See reporters after the shooting , two men immediately left the scene. The reporter then found along the direction of water not far from a mountain farm , and saw three men in a pit next to being busy. When a reporter approached, they prepared to leave the scene.

Reporters asked one of the men are doing , the other said cautiously : "It was to carry out his point soil . " Immediately, three men on a motorcycle away. Reporters on the scene saw this little hill was dug into a length of about ten meters , a width of six meters , two meters high pit , there is also a water pit stacked next to hundreds of packages of ammonium sulfate .

Villagers told reporters that the pit is actually used to extract the rare earths , theft , first in the pit filled with water inside , forming a pond , and then some of the ammonium sulfate, oxalic acid into the water , forming a chemical solution , the the initial screening of the soil solution and react , we can extract the rare earths. Such a simple process , without any environmental protection measures , to nearby villagers worry. Yang told the villagers that such a large number of rare earth mining , sewage flows to the fields , and then flows into the river , where the river upstream , will seriously pollute the water , damage to everyone 's health.

Soon, a cross-country drive to the pit next to a man to get off in the distance observation . Reporter then went over to ask if they work here , they say no, soon left the scene. In the small pond next to the original , the man stopped reporters and asked reporters come from. Reporters asked him whether this mining , the other denied . Reporters saw at 100 meters away, also stopped a few cars, there are several men are watching .

The reporter then left the scene , came Lichuan County Land Resources Bureau to understand the situation , the council law enforcement battalion , said Li Feng , Tan Township belongs to this illegal mining of rare earth mining sites point , without any formalities . Poached were mostly from Ganzhou , they are extracted using immersion methods of rare earth mining . Because stealing point source of drinking water in the county's beaches Li River , mining wastewater generated if the flow into the Li River Beach , will affect water quality . The county government attaches great importance pledged to resolutely ban illegal mining this point . Brigade had banned a number of illegal excavation of another rare earth dens , and seized a large number of multiple rare earth excavation equipment and finished or semi-finished products .

Li Feng told reporters, because at that point the county planning stealing ceramic industrial park , many people think they are leveling out construction , it is difficult to find . These two talented brigade also received reports from the public , and to the site been processed. Law enforcement officers also provided to reporters on October 30 for a period of their combined local forestry , public security , safety supervision , environmental protection, law enforcement and other departments to the scene of the video . This reporter saw a large pit that law enforcement officers will be destroyed , and the destruction of the pipes . For still illegal mining phenomenon , Li Feng said that brigade did not know. Subsequently, the reporter and the Land Law enforcement officers came to the scene .

Upon checking in the field , Li Feng said, and now the face of this situation , the group will increase inspections daily density . Next, prepare with the public security bureau , safety supervision, environmental protection and other departments joint action. If you find illegal mining personnel will immediately transferred to public security departments ; if found to have large-scale equipment , etc., will be the first time resolutely confiscated , and other equipment destroyed .


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This rare earth market prices remain unchanged from last week announced the listing price Baotou Steel Rare Earth after some companies that rare earth Shouchu or approaches, and thus most of them choose to not offer , but there are also some companies are not optimistic about the market outlook due to weak demand , still quote normally take the goods .

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 560,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 340,000-350,000 yuan / ton.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers incl 180-190 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 190-200 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 26,000-27,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 25,000-27,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 325,000-335,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 425,000-435,000 yuan / ton.

Europium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,600-4,800 yuan / kg . Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,700-3,900 yuan / kg .


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Gold and silver prices, gold stocks overseas callback

The dollar index rebounded , precious metals prices down . This week the international price of gold fell 2.56% ; silver prices week down 2.95 percent ; domestic gold and silver weekly decline 0.84% ​​, respectively , 3.19% . Overseas gold mining stocks callback , HSBC North America Gold Mining Stocks Index fell 8.87 percent this week . The world's largest gold ETF gold holding this week to continue to reduce from 5.7 to 866.32 tons . Long term exit QE expectations remain, precious chances are not great .

Rare Shouchu coming, prices stabilized starting up

RE : the Baotou Rare Earth International Trade raised the listing price , the market for rare earths is expected to increase purchasing and storage ; Rare Exchange is expected to recently after years of preparation for trial operation ; week LREE oxide composite price rose 1.03% and 0.92%. We believe that purchasing and storage of rare earth point in time coming, eventually scale may be more than 20 billion , the price will be higher than the current market price or , which will stimulate a new round of rising prices of rare earth ( heavy rare earth prices are expected to rise over 60% ) , lithium carbonate , Panasonic said the next four years as the tesla battery cells for 2 billion , is expected to assemble tesla modelS25 million. Equivalent to annual production Tesla 62500 , 20000 in the current basis increased significantly. Recommendations concern Jinrui Technology , Tian Qi Li industry , Ganfeng Lithium .


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Recently, Guangxi sixth geological team to assume the " County of Guangxi six rare earth ore mining Chan census " project through the regional Department of Land and Resources geological exploration expert wild acceptance.

It is reported that Chen County of Guangxi six rare earth ore mining survey began in August last year , Guangxi sixth geological team after hard work, completed drilling of 6510 m , 107 m shallow wells , gathering all kinds of relevant samples over 4800 , delineation of weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth ore body 5 , the initial estimate of rare earth resources in all phases of large scale deposits exceeded . This is the team following the probe is in Pingnan continents rare earth mine , the exploration was the second major rare earth deposits .


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Today, the market prices of some varieties of rare earth significant change in the price rebound. But the market also has some businesses keep watching the market , temporarily offer . Current market price of dysprosium class more chaos, but overall is a sign of recovery . Rare temporarily no significant change in the demand side , not the business reflects the significant improvement in market transactions .

Praseodymium neodymium market today quotes from suppliers generally rise , price rises were mixed. According to the supplier of Ganzhou , praseodymium neodymium metal band ticket prices are now raised to 430,000 yuan / ton or more, according to the Shanghai area with suppliers to understand , praseodymium neodymium currently quoted at 42 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide, praseodymium market , some businesses on the market today, temporarily offer , there are quotations raised 340,000 yuan / ton.

Dysprosium products market , the price of dysprosium oxide and dysprosium iron were significantly callback. Currently dysprosium oxide and dysprosium iron market quotations with votes in the 185-190 yuan / ton or so, a higher offer of 200 yuan / ton , the current offer significantly higher levels than last weekend 10-20 yuan / ton . Despite the higher offer , the demand side of the rising acceptance of a lower price , insiders said, and now the basic purchase price of dysprosium oxide at 180 million or less, still below the market quotations from suppliers .

Gadolinium products market , according to industry suppliers , said the market now has a slight increase in price , the market 's demand for transactions in general , the supplier can accept the current shipping prices of 17 yuan / ton or so. Gadolinium iron market, the current offer with a vote in the 185,000 yuan / ton.


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Steel Research ng Testing Technology Co. developed the " rapid identification of rare instrument" by experts , was awarded the 2013 Gold Medal BCEIA .

Rapid identification of rare earth rare earth elements analysis instrument is a dedicated handheld XRF analyzer , which can meet important Chinese customs rapid detection of rare earth demand for healthy and sustainable development of China's rare earth industry has practical significance. The product is made ​​using multivariate calibration methods to identify and deal with L band spectral information , in solving complex spectral overlap between the qualitative identification and quantification of rare earth interference issues with innovation . In the use of data processing techniques to improve performance levels of domestic instrument also has a successful enlightenment .


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Regional Department of Finance , Inland Revenue Department for Baotou and Baotou Steel Rare earth resources of some enterprises ad valorem tax reform to carry out preparatory work to conduct research.

Research group has been to Bayan Obo iron ore, Baiyun Bo Yu branches, earth homes, companies such as China and the United States tax on rare earth resources relevant circumstances discussion. It is understood , Baotou Bayan Obo ore mining 12 million tons per year , from 4.5 million tons of iron ore concentrates first elected , the remaining 7.5 million tons in about 3 million tons for sale to the Baotou Steel Rare- earth mineral processing , in addition to 4.5 million tons emissions to tailings . Since April 1, 2011 60 yuan per ton countries began to impose rare earth resource tax year, Baotou Steel Rare Earth about 3 million tons per year using only the pulp , but the burden of 12 million tons of ore , about 7.2 billion rare earth resource tax, especially in this year's rare earth market downturn , heavier burden on enterprises . To submit a research group will research rare earth resources tax reform proposals and reported to the State Treasury .


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Information platform set up to report on the implementation of key controls illegal poaching point , inspected once every 10 days ...... This year, Hezhou Babu within their jurisdiction , Zhongshan , Bucheon comprehensive surveillance key mining of rare earth , take block sparse combined with the long-term management of special combat combination to crack down on illegal poaching of rare earth and other mineral resources violations , maintaining orderly exploration and exploitation of mineral resources .

Hezhou Guangxi is an important rare earth mine . July 2012 nine provinces ( area ) 20 City ( United States ) RE development since the convening of the joint meeting regulatory linkage , the city's rare earth resources in the fight against illegal poaching work in a prominent position, with eight months in the city carried out within the organization blow special action. As of now, the city cracked down on illegal rare earth mines 9 , blow up pool 52 RE leaching , destroyed shed about 5,400 square meters , the confiscation of illegal poaching of about 40 tons of rare earth minerals , severance illegal mining personnel more than 60 people , the transfer of judicial organs be held criminally accountable 8 people. Illegal poaching of rare earth have been effectively curbed.

The city in the efforts to build long-term management mechanism , to further establish and improve the coordinators , including films regulatory inspections , prize-winning reporting , accountability and other systems. Ping Gui Management District set up a " 12336 " report information platform , the implementation of key personnel to implement a comprehensive monitoring illegal mining areas ; Bucheon Yao Autonomous County inspected once every 10 days to prevent the resurgence of illegal mining sites ; Babu District illegal mining of rare earth will be 25 points and three suspected illegal mining points included in the book list , focus on monitoring the implementation of comprehensive , effectively inhibited the illegal poaching behavior rebound .

For the construction of the ( male ) Canton ( state ) high-speed rail , Wing ( state ) HE ( state ) highway through the territory of Hezhou , pressure overlying Zhongshan - Bucheon Zhou Huashan rare earth mine ore mine safety segment and two segments of Zhongshan 8 rare earth ore blocks situation , the city launched a cover on the pressure recovery of rare earth resources, rescue work . This year in September , recycling projects have been approved by the Ministry of Land , clear aluminum GXNF recycling of rare earth development companies as the main body, the preparatory work is currently being conducted in an orderly .


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October 28, 2013 , the Commerce Department announced the 2014 rare earth export quota reporting conditions and reporting procedures . If launched from 1998 rare earth export quota license system date, this model has more than 15 years.


Now, the earth is facing a change in the quota system . Foreign media recently reported that Chinese exports of rare earths regulation triggered America, Europe and China trade litigation, WTO WTO has basically endorsed the idea of ​​America, Europe , and has issued a tentative judgment relevant national notice , finds a violation of China 2001 WTO accession agreement commitments.

October 30 , learned from authoritative sources , at present, government departments have already commenced discussions on the news , "message should be true ." The official said China is very difficult to restore the situation .

Chinese Ministry of Commerce and Ministry of Industry and so had repeatedly stressed that China adopt a quota system for rare earth and make industry consolidation , the purpose is to protect resources and the environment and achieve sustainable development , in line with WTO rules . The Chinese government has no intention of trade-distorting way to protect domestic industries .

Preliminary ruling unfavorable to China

Last March , the United States on China for rare earths , tungsten and molybdenum export controls imposed questioned that these restrictive measures on these raw materials in the international market on the supply chain caused huge distortions and harmful interference. EU and Japan also made the request for consultations with China .

China has about 23% of the world 's rare earth reserves , but long-term supply more than 90 percent of global rare earth production. Previously few years, China has been in the export of rare earth export quota system perform , that is clearly a year of domestic manufacturing enterprises meet the relevant conditions of export volume and distribution companies , in order to protect resources and the environment and realize sustainable development.

Commerce Department released data show that China's rare earth export quota year 2010 a total of 30,258 tons , compared to 2009 decreased by almost 40% , while in 2004-2009 , rare earth export quotas of 66,000 tons , 66,000 tons , 62,000 tons , 60,000 tons , 47,000 tons , 50,000 tons , the annual amount did not exceed the 10% decrease .

"Foreign mainly aimed at China's quota system , which is not enough to use the problem is for this thing is reasonable . " Baotou a rare corporate executives , said rare earth is just " the beginning , "the lawsuit defeated, will involve numerous resources sector .

The parties, of rare earth quotas actually originated in the year of entry agreement , some of the rare element was not added attention and was not included in the scope of protection included in the negotiations , the Chinese did not realize at that time , and later found out, to come up with a quotas.

In fact, in some specific cases, WTO rules allow members to conduct export control , in which one out of non-renewable natural resources protection. But Europe and the United States put forward , if indeed out of this consideration , China 's restrictive measures should also be applied to China 's domestic production.

Multi- channel display , WTO has basically endorsed the idea of ​​America, Europe , and to notify the relevant national judge issued a tentative , finds a violation of 2001 China joined the WTO agreement commitments.

In the eyes of domestic rare earth enterprises , so that the results may not be an accident. "Even if you can appeal , but also a formality , there is not much practical significance. "These rare earth business people said.

Foregoing authorities also revealed that at present , government departments have already started discussions , but " even if unsuccessful , would not immediately abolish the quota ."

It is reported that the equivalent of first instance verdict WTO panel report will be released in mid- November , if the country refuses to accept the award may be related to the WTO High Commission of Appeal.

RE quota dispute

In the rare case before , someone on the reasonableness of rare earth export quota discussion . Which criticized the quota into a commodity reselling , corruption.

Rare earth prices have soared once around 2010 , engaged in rare earth become one of the shortcut to get rich , but slashed rare earth export quota year , a large number of rare earth production plans to export -oriented enterprises due to lack of quotas , eager to have export quota system trading company purchase , prompting index prices have soared .

China Industry Insight Network research and analysis , rare earth export quota system market, " guidance " has reached 120,000 to 170,000 yuan per ton , and even in some months , rare earth export quotas pushed up to 400,000 to 500,000 yuan per ton .

This year, the rare earth export quota of about 30,000 tons per year , but also create new problems . " quota policy enforcement for many years, but this year , every year remaining , but become a burden . " The authorities said .

The source said that the quota of rare earth has existed in name only , not in line with market rules, after fully liberalized influence is there, "Which products have a market on which products impact ."

Noteworthy that the overall supply of rare earth pattern has been the emergence of new changes , the United States , Australia and other countries were launched, some mining plan , there are currently 30,000 tons of production capacity , the future international market in China will also reduce dependence on light rare earths . " If you lose, China's rare earth industry will be more rudderless , rare earth enterprises with foreign direct shopping prices . " preceding business people said.

China is not without preparation.

May 10, 2011 , the State Council issued " on the promotion of the rare earth industry healthy development of a number of opinions ", the Chinese around the rare earth resource development, smelting separation and circulation market order expand regulation by the Ministry of Industry and the formation of large rare earth industry group programs , now the industry has formed a number of sets resource extraction, smelting separation processing and application technology research and development of rare earth industry in one large group .

However, in view of the business people , the rare earth still not completed the integration of clear pattern. "The government will make use of the time for appeal previously thought to achieve integration purposes to play on the international market picked up a fist fight out effect, but did not expect to be so hard to integrate , local, inter-enterprise , as well as upstream and downstream , etc. are all playing the abacus , each hold the interest . "


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