Solid acid catalysts (SACs) have a widely and valuable industrial applications such as petroleum, biodiesel, and chemical industries. SACS are considered as the most important categories of catalysts that serve the petroleum industry. Thus, SACs promote environmentally benign heterogeneous catalysts that assist wide industrial applications.

The low-temperature ductility of the tungsten wire is the main factor affecting the winding performance. The main influencing factors are the purity of raw materials, additives and the surface condition of the wire.

There are four preparation methods of tungsten alloy balls, namely compression molding, disc pelletizing, squeeze-cut rotation and injection molding.

Molybdenum (Mo) and molybdenum alloy materials have wide applications in the manufacturing industry, aerospace industry, steel smelting, petrochemical industry, medical devices, national defense construction and other industrial fields. In the field of medicine, the most widely known and closely relevant to our lives is molybdenum target.