Nano-semiconductor materials have been widely studied and applied due to their excellent properties such as quantum size effect, surface effect and unique optical properties. Tungstate, as an important oxide semiconductor, has been widely studied and applied in recent years.

Tungsten oxide is a transition metal oxide widely studied because of its unique properties. It has been widely used in electrochromic devices, sensors, separation materials and so on. In recent years, great progress has been made in the synthesis of nanoparticles, and the focus of research has shifted to the study of anisotropic nanoparticles.

At present, silver-tungsten electrical contact alloys have been widely used as contact materials in low-voltage electrical appliances due to their excellent wear resistance, welding resistance and arc erosion resistance.

Nitrogen oxides (NO_x) are known to be harmful to the environment. It is necessary to process gases containing these oxides or gases originating from motor vehicles or fixed engines to convert them into nitrogen. One known treatment is SCR selective reduction.