The tungsten iridium stream mouth is as a special tungsten heavy alloy with other refractory metals. It mainly uses in rare-earth metal smelting, the induction furnace heating element, the quartz glass smelting and so on, makes the high temperature vessel.

In the glass and the ceramic industry, the tungsten iridium stream mouth is a ceramic micro production very essential part. The tungsten proportion is big, degree of hardness is big, the heat conduction electric conductivity good, heat-resisting, wear-resisting, anti-corrosive, has the low expansibility and the size stability under the high temperature. The tungsten melting point is highest when all metals (reaches as high as 3380 degrees Celsius), the steam tension to be lowest, the tensile strength is highest (1650°C), and its antiseptic property is good, the majority inorganic acid are very small to its corrosion. Therefore it is ideal to manufacture heavy alloy. But the tungsten and the iridium make the alloy, its abrasion resistance, degree of hardness, the intensity, the heatproof quality obtained the further promotion, thus has guaranteed the product uniformity well. Is precisely these precious performance, causes it to become now in the high-tech crystal glass industry the indispensable equipment component.


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Applications which might gain more importance in the future are construction material for the tungsten alloy plasma technique in magneto hydrodynamic power generation (W and W-Cu) and target plates in fusion reactors (W, W-La2O3).

Recent plasma technique and theoretical and numerical studies show that tungsten may be the best, if not the only, material to withstand the extraordinary operating conditions in a nuclear fusion reactor diverter. The diverter, being that part of the vacuum vessel where the tungsten alloy plasma technique particles interact with the first wall, and where a large fraction of the fusion heat is removed, consists of water-cooled copper heat-exchanger element covered with a plasma facing armor. The tungsten alloy plasma techniqueparticles (electrons, protons, and α-particles) are directed by the magnetic field toward the diverter target plates, where they are neutralized and pumped. The convective heat flux reaches 20 MW.m-2 and the attendant surface temperature more than 3000℃. Therefore, a suitable armor material must have a high thermal conductivity (in order to transfer high heat fluxes), low thermal expansion coefficient and low Young’s modulus (in order to keep thermal stresses low), and a high melting point and low sputtering yield (in order to keep erosion low). Although tungsten does not have as high a thermal conductivity and as low a Young’s modulus as carbon-carbon composite materials, which are foreseen for the sections of the diverter with the highest heat flux, many experts believe that, in the long run, reasonable lifetimes will only be achieved by tungsten diverter plates, which have the lowest erosion rates of all materials in sections of the diverter with relatively low plasma temperature but high particle density.

For the technical realization of low-pressure plasma processes, one requires equipment with the following components:
Vacuum system (pump, vessel)
Energy supply
Gas supply
Measurement and control components for the reproducible adjustment of the process parameter
Due to the necessity of a vacuum system in most cases, batch operation method is the easiest solution.

The processes can be flexibly and complexly configured, in order to change the mode of action of the tungsten alloy plasma technique through variation of the process parameters (pressure, gas flow, gas composition, power) and can attain different effects in one process step. So that, i.e. without great expenditure a secondary cleaning can be carried out and immediately thereafter a corrosion protection layer becomes deposited, without having to aerate in between.


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In 2012 India International Defense Exhibition, Israel revealed two new 125 mm tank shells, namely the multi-purpose M710 tracer grenades tungsten alloy penetrator (HE-MP-T) and MK-2 tracer APFSDS (OF APFSDS-T) tungsten alloy penetrator, R & Dproviders Israel Military Industries Ltd. These two types of shells to enhance the operational viability of the Indian Army main battle tanks.

M710 can be used to as a typical asymmetric warfare and urban combat environment, 125 mm tank gun fired multipurpose tracer grenades, designed for T-90 T-80 and T-72 main battle tanks, the Israeli militarythe industry's latest multi-purpose tank shells. M710 electronic fuze system, there are three different modes of action: delay detonation (PDD), touched deep-fried (PD) and air-burst (AB). Target information provided by the tank fire control system, fire control system can be programmed via a wireless data link electronic fuzes when tank shells in the gun bore.

Israel Military Industries, R & D, another known as the 125 mm tank shells MK-2 tracer APFSDS tungsten alloy penetrator, second-generation high-speed kinetic energy penetrators. When using the 125 mm tank gun fired, MK-2 tungsten alloy penetrator improved accuracy, within the scope of the full range of reducing the wear and tear on the barrel and enhances the penetration of armored targets.


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Most of tungsten granules present transcrystalline cleavage fracture. Binder phase presents ductile fracture and shows better mechanical properties. Remaining organics are not deprived completely during thermal derosination. So, precious few parts in sample have foreign impurities. Those foreign impurities are the key factors for influencing mechanical properties. For that, compared with tensile strength detection result of standard tensile sample, tensile strength of matter sample is low.

Most of tungsten granules present transcrystalline cleavage fracture. Interface of tungsten granules breach and tungsten granules are smashed. What is different is that individual white foreign impurities exist in fracture pattern. Because of large sizes of samples, previously few high polymer organics are not deprived completely and produce carbon inclusions. For that, impact ductility of matter samples is low.


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A tungsten kinetic energy penetrator (also known as a KE weapon) is a type of ammunition that, like a bullet, does not contain explosives and uses kinetic energy to penetrate the target.

The term can apply to any type of armor-piercing shot but typically refers to a modern type of armor piercing weapon, the armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS), a type of long-rod penetrator (LRP), and not to small arms bullets.

The 'Fin' round travels at around 975 m/s (3200 ft/s), resulting in the generation of three and a half tones of force when it comes in contact with a weighted and/or fixed object. Energy, and therefore speed, inevitably decreases during flight, however it is still very deadly at ranges up to six kilometers.

The opposite technique to tungsten kinetic energy penetrator uses chemical energy penetrators. There are two types of these shells in use: high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) and high explosive squash head (HESH). They have been widely used against armor in the past and still have a role but are less effective against modern composite armor such as Chobham as used on main battle tanks today.

The principle of the tungsten kinetic energy penetrator is that it uses its kinetic energy, which is a function of mass and velocity, to force its way through armor. The modern KE weapon maximizes KE and minimizes the area over which it is delivered by:
being fired with a very high muzzle velocity
concentrating the force in a small impact area while still retaining a relatively large mass
maximizing the mass of whatever (albeit small) volume is occupied by the projectile—that is, using the densest metals practical, which is one of the reasons depleted uranium is often used.

Tungsten kinetic energy penetrator has led to the current designs that resemble a long metal arrow.Concentration of force into a smaller area was attained by replacing the single metal (usually steel) shot with a composite shot using two metals, a heavy core (based on tungsten) inside a lighter metal outer shell. These designs were known as Armour Piercing Composite Rigid (APCR). On impact, the core had a much more concentrated effect than plain metal shot of the same weight and size.To maximize the amount of kinetic energy released on the target, the penetrator must be made of a dense material, such as tungsten carbide or depleted uranium (DU) alloy (Staballoy).

The hardness of the penetrator is of less importance, but is still a factor as abrasion is a major component of the penetrator defeat mechanism.A common misconception is that, during impact, fractures along these bands cause the tip of the penetrator to continuously shed material, maintaining the tip's conical shape, whereas other materials such as unjacketed tungsten tend to deform into a less effective rounded profile, an effect called "mushrooming". Actually, the formation of adiabatic shear bands means that the sides of the "mushroom" tend to break away earlier, leading to a smaller head on impact, though it will still be significantly "mushroomed".

Tests have shown that the hole bored by a DU projectile is of a narrower diameter than for a similar tungsten projectile.That is one of the reasons why tungsten kinetic energy penetrator is better than the DU tungsten kinetic energy penetrator is.


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Military tungsten alloy swaging rod is increasingly adopted in tungsten alloy defense as the raw material to make parts of military products, such as bullet, armor and shells, shrapnel head, grenade, hunting gun, bullet warheads, bulletproof vehicles, tank panzers, cannons, firearms, etc. A major use for tungsten heavy alloy is in kinetic energy penetrators, where they are in direct competition with depleted uranium (DU). Recent investigations conducted at the Army Research Laboratory show that DU’s superior properties resulted from its ability to localize shear during ballistic penetration events.

Military tungsten alloy swaging rod is produced by pressing and sintering into billets, which are worked by rolling or swaging into rod. Smaller sizes are produced by subsequent drawing. Tungsten rod is produced in straight random lengths with a smooth swaged surface at diameters 3mm and larger, and with a smooth drawn finish below 3mm. A center less-ground finish can also be furnished. Specific lengths and special fabrications can be supplied upon request.


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Tungsten alloy cylinder is progressively adopted since the raw substance to create components of army products, which include bullet, armor and shells, shrapnel head, grenade, hunting gun, bullet warheads,bulletproof vehicles, tank panzers, cannons, firearms, etc.

A principal use for tungsten alloy cylinder is in kinetic vitality penetrators, in which they are in instant rivalry with depleted uranium (DU). latest investigations executed in the Army review Laboratory show that DU's excellent components resulted from its ability to localize shear all through ballistic penetration events. Therefore, it absolutely was argued that if localized shear could possibly be imparted to tungsten heavy alloys, these alloys would exhibit penetration ability matching that of depleted uranium (which experienced turn out to be an environmental problem).

In purchase to decrease the adoption of environmental hazardous products all through the army field, tungsten associated options are utilized like a nontoxic substitute for guide and depleted uranium in bullet and shot. High-density metals which include tungsten are now broadly employed; the intention will be to create functional, increased density, non-toxic arms projectiles with controlled result behavior. The different components of tungsten alloy render it probably the most perfect counterweight materials, much extra than at current outlined on our website. Owing to its terrific hardness and resistance to increased temperature, tungsten may be adopted in army defense progressively today.

Main army appliance: tungsten alloy bullet, shrapnel head, balanced ball for missile and plane, core for armor-piercing bullet measurement, kinetic vitality penetrators, armor and shells, grenade,rocket components.


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Transient high heat loads simulations by using the electron beam facility have been performed on two tungsten heavy alloy swaging rod grades at several power loads with a pulse duration of 5 ms. The cracking patterns of the two tungsten heavy alloy swaging rod grades are quite similar. All cracks occurred along the grain boundary and located across the loaded area. The cracks can be distinguished with two levels, major cracks with larger crack width but lower crack density and microcracks with smaller crack width but higher crack density. The higher the deformation level of tungsten heavy alloy swaging rod and heat loading power density, the smaller the major crack density will be, but there is no obvious difference in the microcracks pattern. No melting occurred for both tungsten heavy alloy swaging rod grades after transient heat loading at power density of 0.88 GW m−2.

Tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile which is made of tungsten heavy alloy swaging rod comprising a high density penetrator core with a tapered front end and a multi-part outer case in partial contact with the core. This kind of tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile is made from tungsten heavy alloy swaging rod and will not penetrate because the multi-part jointed case is not as strong as a single-piece, monolithic case. Also, since the hard core is loose and not bonded to the case, then the core can not provide additional structural support. In addition, the tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile does not have the ability to either explosively damage the target after penetration, or take data from an instrumentation package during or after penetration.

Tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile comprising an axial core, a continuous strip of metallic glass wound about said core, and bonding means for joining the adjacent laminated surfaces. Tungsten heavy alloy swaging rod describes an outer case with a hole at its tip. This "hollow-point" design results in radial expansion of the jacket into "petals" as the tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile travels through the target. Such "flowering" of the case upon impact severely limits the depth of penetration into hardened targets.

Tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile comprising a heavy metal core and a segmented sabot with both right-handed and left-handed threads that separates from the core after exiting the gun's nozzle. This tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile will not penetrate deeply because the nose end is made of a brittle heavy metal alloy, rather than high-strength steel. Also, this tungsten alloy armor piercing projectile requires the use of a discarding sabot carrier.


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A few years ago, people just have a general understanding of tungsten metal, but didn't focus on its value. With the development of science and technology, people began to realize that it is the magnetic material which is hard to be replaced, then people connect tungsten metal with value. Al last, tungsten metal became popolar in the market.

Unlike oil, pork,steel, tungsten metal is not often seen in our daily life and it has a sense of mistery. The value of small metals like tungsten metal is revealed with the development of science and technology. The more advanced of science, the more requiements for material. The requirements for airplanes in the past is just the ability of high and fast flying. Now we need anti-radar radiation to be used for airplanes. These requirements can not be meeted by ordaniry materials except rare materials. Nowadays, we are advocate innovation of science and technology, high-tech industry is developping very fast, so more and more small metals will be excavated.


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Tungsten weights are an ideal, environment-friendly alternative to lead weights, which are toxic and increasingly being labeled an environmental hazard. Tungsten weights are harder than steel and extremely dense, tungsten being on average 30 percent smaller than its lead counterpart.
Tungsten weights are smaller than conventional weights, create twice the sound of lead weights and maintain their shape for longer. Tungsten is also used in the production of other fishing applications, such as tungsten-carbide line cutters and tungsten powder coating for fishing lines.

A fishing sinker or plummet is a weight used to force a lure or bait to increase its rate of sink, anchoring ability, and/or casting distance. Fishing sinkers may be as small as 1/32 of an ounce for applications in shallow water, even smaller for fly fishing applications, or as large as several pounds or considerably more for deep sea fishing. They are formed into nearly innumerable shapes for diverse fishing applications. Environmental concerns surround the usage of most fishing sinker material.

A jig is a type of fishing lure that usually consisting of a lead sinker with a hook molded into it and usually covered by a soft body to attract fish. However, recently, tungsten alloy fishing weights ( fishing sinkers) is becoming more and more popular among angles because it has the features of high density, small volume, and environmental friendly, and has been taking place of the lead sinker. Jigs are intended to create a jerky, vertical motion, as opposed to spinnerbaits which move through the water horizontally. The jig is very versatile and can be used in both salt water as well as fresh water. Many species are attracted to the lure which has made it popular amongst anglers for years.

The fishing sinker/ weight is made by rare metal - Tungsten, it is an ideal substitute of the lead fishing sinker. It's strong adhesive, semi-solid state, soft for a long term. Tungsten Heavy Alloys concentrate maximum weight in the smallest possible space. They are more often to be used as counterweight in sporting field, such as tungsten alloy fishing sinkers, golf weights, etc.

Advantages of tungsten  
1. Heat resistance
The melting point of tungsten is 3380 degrees Celsius.
And the melting point of iron is only about 1500 degrees Celsius

2. Hard
When tungsten combines with carbon, t will become very hard. The hardness is close to the diamond.

3. High density
The density of tungsten is almost the same with gold.


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