With the comparison of the tool life of tungsten coated by multi-layer TiCN and TialCN for end mills using Taguchi method indicates that the main factors of affecting tool life are different coated deposition, feed rate, spindle speed and tool material. And the tool material is the most critical influence in tool life in milling.In terms of the different coated deposition, the TiCN one has the best performance. When the coating deposition matches tool material the effect of hard coating deposition is small. Moreover the hard coating deposition can improve the wear problem on the tool surface and bring up the best wear resistance during the machining.


  Tungsten Carbide Coating Tools: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
  Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
  Email:  sales@chinatungsten.com
  Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
  Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
  Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Soft chemical synthesis under mild conditions, i.e. synthesis of inorganic functional material, or it is sought in the solution to a low temperature starting reactants are uniformly mixed on the molecular size, a controlled chemical reaction after generation precursor or intermediate, the last generation with the specified composition, structure and morphology of the material. 1988 French Coucou, who first synthesized by soft chemistry type of pyrochlore oxide, tungsten, they (NH4) 10-W12O41 • 5H2O as precursor glycol solution is heated in an acidic reflux get [(NH4) 2O] xW2O6 , repeatedly washed in acid solution, and the resulting powder is heated to remove water at 100 ℃, which obtained pyrochlore type tungsten oxide powder. Li et al., 1996, using the same method for preparing a series of (M2O) xWO3 • zH2O (M = H +, Li +, Na +, Ag +, and NH + 4), and to test the performance of the series powder humidity.

These methods often can only get there missing pyrochlore lattice type tungsten oxide, and water molecules which content is generally less than a full H2W2O7. Soft chemical method developed in recent years are generally presented Aurivil-lius Bi2W2O9 as precursor compounds obtained tungsten oxide pyrochlore type by acid treatment. RESchaak and ManabuKu-do, who devised the method detailed preparation process: Bi2O3 and WO3 will follow after 1:2 molar ratio of mixed 48h calcined at 800 ℃, resulting Bi2W2O9 into concentrated hydrochloric acid, and then vigorously stirred at room temperature for 72h to obtain undistorted H2W2O7 crystals. After H2W2O7 the vast majority of studies are based on this approach.

Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: sales@chinatungsten.comTungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Current hydrothermal method has been widely used in the synthesis of inorganic materials and material handling, compared to other methods have many advantages: a relatively simple equipment required for the reaction, and water and heat control has significant operational and adjustable degeneration; hydrothermal method particularly suitable for the synthesis of a special structure, a new specialty compounds and concentrations of condensed matter, rules-oriented and crystalline perfection of preparing a crystalline material balance defects; under hydrothermal conditions, the solution viscosity decreased, diffusion and mass transfer process more smoothly, active reactant has greatly improved, and thus can replace some of the hydrothermal synthesis temperature solid phase reaction, and promoting, the development of low-temperature synthetic chemistry.

In 1989, Sweden's Amberg, who for the first time by hydrothermal prepared a pyrochlore type tungsten oxide cubic system, the phase is a hydrothermal method in the study of pH = 3.0 synthetic magnesium tungstate in occasional crystals obtained using, parsed too known to be W2O6 • H2O (ie H2W2O7). Kenneth et al., 1992 reported a more detailed preparation conditions of the hydrothermal synthesis of crystalline tungsten oxide and its relationships, found in a pH range of 3.5 to 4.5 is obtained pyrochlore-type structure, at a pH of between 1.3 to 2.0 The resulting structure is hexagonal. Whereas at pH between 2.0 to 3.5 to obtain a pyrochlore type and hexagonal mixed phase, if the pH is greater than 5 are not precipitate the product. Guo et al., 1995 by hydrothermal synthesis using HCl to adjust the pH value of 6.0 was also prepared a pyrochlore-type oxide, tungsten, and the material has good electrochemical characteristics, indicating that factors pyrochlore type hydrothermal synthesis of tungsten oxide Many, wherein the pH of the environment is likely to be the most important factor.

Research on China Hydrothermal Method tungsten oxide pyrochlore type rarely, the method is slightly different: Within a pH range of 2.5 to 4.5 is obtained pyrochlore type superfine powder of pure tungsten oxide phase at pH get between 0.5 and 2.0 is hexagonal tungsten oxide. Studies have shown that while in the temperature range of 130 ~ 200 ℃ of the prepared powder grain size difference is not more than 5nm, the temperature can increase the grain size is slightly reduced, but little effect on the concentration of hydrochloric acid used in grain size. Powder aggregates mainly in the form of, EP-MA morphology shown in Figure 2, show the particle size analysis, the powder particle size 2 ~ 100μm bimodal distribution between the average particle diameter is large, and the powder for one month After the reunion phenomenon is more pronounced.

Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: sales@chinatungsten.com
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Pyrochlore type oxide, tungsten mostly A bit deletion type of layered perovskite tissue, wherein a water molecule is formed directly in contact with the two-dimensional layer structure of tungsten by hydrogen bonding interactions between the layers. Chinese name is pyrochlore type oxide, tungsten foreign names Pyrochlore-typeH2W2O7, formula H2W2O7WO3 • 0.5H2O it for layered composites, sensing field, tungsten oxide calcined preparation.

Sodium ion exchange treatment pyrochlore type tungsten oxide were prepared containing H +, Ag +, NH + 4, Li + coke green
Stone type mixture, comparison found, [H-H2W2O7] has the lowest resistivity, and [Li-H2W2O7 relative humidity and resistivity between the number has the best linear law, and the sensor has a good durability and repeated sex. Focusing Greenstone type conducted research found that tungsten oxide Li insertion elements will cause changes in the lattice parameters, and could easily lead to a shift in the original amorphous crystal to generate a cavity structure and function with a certain sense.

In pyrochlore type tungsten oxide thin films as the cathode and lithium foil anode, 1mol / L of LiClO4 do electrolyte solution will power Li evenly embedded tungsten oxide pyrochlore type. The resulting products showed good electrochromic properties, and determines the chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium ions is 1.1 × 10-7cm2 / s, which is the highest value of the correlation coefficient can be achieved in the study.

Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: sales@chinatungsten.com
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn