Sapphire Technology diverse development Kyropoulos gradually become the mainstream

Chemical properties of sapphire crystal is very stable , with a high melting point (2050 ℃), high hardness ( Mohs hardness of 9 , second only to diamond ) characteristics, and with good light transmission, thermal conductivity and electrical insulation, as well as good mechanical mechanical properties, excellent wear resistance and anti- erosion and other optical and physical and chemical properties.

Therefore , sapphire microelectronics and optoelectronics industries extremely important basic materials , widely used in semiconductor , microelectronics, optoelectronics, information display, and many other fields optical communications, laser , precision machinery , defense and military . With the development of science and technology, the size of the sapphire crystal material quality have made new demands. Now , with the rapid development of semiconductor lighting and other emerging applications , low-cost, high-quality, large-size sapphire crystal market demand is rapidly expanding.

Since 1885, made ​​a sensational time , " Geneva Ruby" by the Fremy, Feil and Wyse use hydrogen flame to melt the powder and potassium dichromate natural ruby , sapphire grown artificially studies to date more than 100 years of history. One hundred years, in order to meet the scientific and technological development and industrial production for the special requirements of sapphire crystal quality , size, shape , in order to improve the yield of sapphire crystal , utilization and reduce costs, the growth of sapphire methods and theories research has never stopped , its equipment and technology are the last century has made rapid development , so far, sapphire industry already has a high technical level and greater production capacity , ingot sizes from 2 inches to expand to the current 12 inches, whom ancillary equipment and materials also will be rapid development .

Currently various crystal growth technology has applications in the market , and the crystal purity of 99.99% can be reached , but due to different growth mechanisms , but also there are some shortcomings and limitations , difficult to meet future large-size sapphire crystal high-quality, low-cost development needs. For example , flame melting method, a Czochralski crystal growth method such as the quality and size are restricted ; heat exchange method, temperature gradient method and the like Kyropoulos method requires a large helium coolant ; temperature gradient method, the Kyropoulos Growth sapphire crystal blank requires a high temperature annealing process , subsequent processing of the blank process more complicated and costly .

But from the point of view of market share , Kyropoulos currently in a dominant position , the world's largest manufacturer of sapphire Rubicon America and Russia Monocrystal are produced using this technology sapphire crystal , in addition to including the Beijing- crystal optical sapphire , including several Chinese manufacturers are also using this method . Using this method produced sapphire crystal over 50 % of global production , including a sapphire substrate used in semiconductor lighting more than 70% this production . Temperature gradient method is the main technology used by South Korean companies , the potential of this technology to produce low -density , high-quality ingot , the crystal size ( diameter and height ) and long grain shape relatively limited small, currently occupy a certain market share . Guided-mode method mainly by Japanese companies to learn and use , the product is basically supply the Japanese market , in addition to guided-mode method Ukraine also produces crystal growth furnaces.


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