Ti-Doped Sapphire (Al2O3) Single Crystals Grown by The Kyropoulos Technique And Optical Characterizations

Sapphire (α-Al2O3) single crystals grown using the Verneuil and Kyropoulos methods have been analyzed using electron paramagnetic resonance and γ-ray spectroscopy with 12-MeV bremsstrahlung excitation. It is established that uncontrolled impurities in the final sapphire single crystals grown by the Kyropoulos method in molybdenum-tungsten crucibles are supplied both from the initial materials and from the furnace and crucible materials.

Transparent high optical quality and large Ti-sapphire (Ti3+-doped Al2O3) single crystals have been grown by the Kyropoulos technique (KT) for optical amplification. The present work shows that by the utilization of KT growth technology and the optimization of the growth conditions it is possible to grow Ti-doped Al2O3, 100 mm in diameter and 5 kg in weight. We have demonstrated that large Ti(0.25 atom %)-doped Al2O3 crystals show high chemical homogeneities and good optical properties and amplify the energy without any special annealing. Ti-doped sapphire crystals are for high power laser applications and particularly for the shortest pulses ever produced from a laser oscillator.


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