Tungsten Carbide Milling Cutter Milling Types

Tungsten carbide milling cutter has tow types of milling according to the relative position between the milling cutter and the workpiece.
 
When the axis of tungsten carbide milling cutters does not overlap with the symmetrical Centerline of the workpiece milling width, then the milling in this case is called the asymmetric milling, which can be subdivided into asymmetric up milling and asymmetric climb milling. During asymmetric up milling, the cutter teeth cut in with a relatively small cutting thickness while cut out with a larger cutting thickness. This kind of milling way, with stable cutting performance, less impact suffering, can improve the tool durability and surface quality and is suitable for the machining of carbon steel and low carbon alloy steel. The cutter teeth cut out with a relatively small cutting thickness in asymmetric climb milling and thus it is more suitable for cutting materials with low intensity and large plasticity.
 
When the gyration center of tungsten carbide milling tools is in a symmetrical position with the workpiece, then the milling in this case is called symmetric milling. This kind of milling way has relatively larger average cutting thickness, and can avoid the extrusion towards workpiece surface when the cutter cuts in. The milling tool has high durability adopting this milling way. It can ensure that the cutter teeth conduct milling under the chilling layer of machining surface during the finish-milling for the machine tool guideway, which can help achieve relatively high surface quality. This kind of milling way should be given priority in the milling of quenched steel and machine tool guideway. In addition, symmetric milling can generate great vibration, so it requires machine tools with good rigidity.
 
Tungsten Carbide Milling Cutter
 

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Tungsten Carbide Formed Turning Tool Introduction

Tungsten carbide formed turning tool is a specialized tool for solid of revolution formed surface machining, and its cutting edge shape is designed according to the work piece outline. With formed turning tool, a formed surface can be processed through only one cutting stroke. It is easily operated and has high efficiency. The precision of the formed surface has nothing to do with workers’ skill, but depends on the precision of the cutting edge of turning tools. It can ensure the consistency and interchangeability of the work piece surface shape and size precision. Its processing precision can reach IT9—IT10 while the surface roughness about Ra6.3—Ra3.2. Formed turning tools can be reground for many times, thus has relatively long tool life. However, the design and manufacture of this kind tool is quite complicated and costly, and therefore, it is mainly used in the volume production of small tools and accessories.
 
Tungsten carbide formed turning tools can be classified into several types as follows:
I. Flat formed turning tool
This kind of turning tool is strip-shaped, which is similar to general turning tools. It is easily to be manufactured and low in cost but allows for only a few times of regrinding. It mainly applies to the machining for simple outer formed surface, such as thread turning tool.
II. Prismatic formed turning tool
The tool bit and cutter bar of this kind of turning tool are manufactured separately, which greatly increases its regrinding times along the rack face. It has rigid cutter body, but its manufacturing technology is more complicated than that of the circular formed turning tools, and it can be used only in the machining of outer formed surface.
III. Circular formed turning tool
This kind of turning tool looks like a cylinder wrapped by a prismatic formed turning tool. It allows for the most regrinding times and its manufacture is relatively easy to be conducted than prismatic formed turning tools. In addition, it can machine both the inner and outer formed surface of work pieces.
 
Tungsten Carbide Formed Turning Tool
 

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Tungsten Carbide Clip-type Thread Milling Cutter Introduction

Tungsten carbide clip-type thread milling cutter, with separated cutter bar and blade, is a type of tread cutter. Its cutter bar is generally made from tool steel or high-carbon steel, while its blade is made from tungsten carbide. They are usually locked together with screws.
 
Tungsten carbide clip-type thread milling cutter is the most common seen tool among thread milling cutters with relatively low price. Its structure is similar to that of the general clip-type milling cutter and it consists of reusable cutter bar and renewable blade. Taper threads can be processed by using specialized cutter bar and blade. This kind of specially designed cutter has many thread cutting teeth on its blade and thus can produce many thread teeth at one time by machining around the spiral line.
 
When selecting tungsten carbide clip-type thread milling cutters, one should take into consideration the diameter of thread being processed, depth, and work-piece material and so on, and choose cutter bars with relatively large diameter as far as possible. The thread machining depth of tungsten carbide clip-type thread milling cutters depends on the effective cutting depth of the cutter bar. Because the blade is shorter than the effective cutting depth of the cutter bar, the machining has to be conducted on different depth when the depth of thread being processed is longer than the blade.
 
 
Tungsten Carbide Clip-type Thread Milling Cutter
 

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Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Coating Introduction

Tungsten carbide cutting tool, after the coating treatment, can achieve solid lubrication, reduce friction and cementation, reduce heat absorbing and thus withstand relatively high cutting temperature.
 
The properties of tungsten carbide cutting tool coatings depend on their micro-structure and chemical constituents, the materials natures and also the manufacturing process. Different manufacturing processes will produce coatings with different mechanical properties and structures. There are some main problems that needed to be taken into consideration during tungsten carbide cutting tool coating processing:
I. Choosing of coating processing methods;
II. Matching of coatings and base materials;
III. Choosing of coating thickness;
IV. Interaction and diffusion between coatings and base materials;
V. Coating conditions, technological parameter, base pretreatment before coating processing, etc.
 
The relatively common tungsten carbide cutting tool coating processing methods include chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), plasma spraying, sol-gel method, etc.
 
Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool
 

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Counterfeit Gold-Plated Tungsten Bar-2

There have been infrequent reports over the decades of genuine gold bars that were drilled and filled with tungsten. He never discussed them because they were isolated small-scale activities.  However, the story of large quantities of possible counterfeit large gold bars is a story that, if true, the public would really need to know.

The information about the possible counterfeit gold-plated tungsten bars came to me from sources with a good track record of reliability.  Still, when he discussed them last fall, I was careful to indicate that they were rumors.

In his October 19, 2009 column at Numismaster.com, titled “What A Run On Gold Looks Like,” in the middle of the essay, he started one paragraph with, “There is a story now circulating that I have to classify as a rumor.”  It goes on to discuss the possibility that some of the gold bars provided on the London exchange by the Bank of England may have been filled with tungsten.  He further explained in that column that some of the gold bars held by the US and British governments were probably of lower purity, about 90%, than would be acceptable for delivery on the London market.

In the November 4, 2009 issue of Liberty’s Outlook he mentioned to readers, under the headline titled “Rumor—Counterfeit Gold Bars Discovered In Central Bank Vault,” about the China central bank story.  He also listed a website address of a Chinese company offering gold-plated tungsten products that showed a photograph of a small gold bar on the home page of its internet site.  He mentioned that if the China central bank story turned out to be true, it would have significant ramifications.

In the December 2, 2009 issue of Liberty’s Outlook, under the headline “Reasons Why Gold And Silver Are Likely To Rise Much Further,” he passed on subsequently received information that there were supposedly four counterfeit bars detected by China’s central bank and that the counterfeits came from bonded warehouses in the US.  The discussion uses several qualifiers such as “allegedly” and “could.”  At the end of that section he disclosed that reporters trying to cover this issue were sitting on additional damning information because they were unable to obtain sufficient corroborating evidence.

tugnsten-gold-plated-tungsten-bar


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