Barium tungsten electrodes play a crucial role in high-energy particle accelerators, especially electron accelerators and free electron lasers, mainly as the core component of high-performance electron sources - electron gun cathodes. Its application value is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Barium tungsten electrode has become an indispensable key material in high-power microwave devices through its low work function, diffuse cathode structure and environmental protection characteristics. It not only supports the high-power output and stability of the device, but also promotes the wide application of high-power microwave technology in military, industrial, scientific research and other fields.

Tungsten alloy nut is a high-performance fastening component made from refractory metal tungsten as the base, blended with auxiliary metals like nickel and iron. Its unique internal threaded hole design allows for reliable connection with bolts.

The application of barium tungsten electrodes in ultraviolet light sources benefits from its stable electron emission, high temperature resistance, long life and high efficiency. These advantages make it an ideal material for manufacturing high-pressure gas discharge lamps (such as xenon lamps and mercury lamps), and are widely used in scenes that generate ultraviolet light, such as industry, medical and scientific research.

Yttrium tungsten electrode, a typical rare earth tungsten electrode, is a high-performance electrode material created by modifying a high-purity tungsten base with an appropriate amount of yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃). Its English name is Yttrium Tungsten Electrode. The commonly used WY20 grade in the industry is identified by a blue color-coded tip for quick recognition among various electrode products. It comes in perse specifications, with diameters ranging from 0.5mm to 12.0mm to suit different power welding equipment, and standard lengths typically set at 150mm or 175mm to meet various welding operation needs.

Tungsten Putty, an emerging tungsten-based composite, is crafted through a special process that deeply bonds high-purity tungsten powder with a high-molecular polymer, distinguishing it within the tungsten product family. Its morphology differs significantly from traditional tungsten products—it is neither the loose, powdery form of tungsten oxide nor the dense metallic texture of high-density tungsten alloys, instead presenting a paste-like appearance similar to solid grease with a distinctive oily sheen.

Barium tungsten electrodes (usually referring to barium-containing tungsten-based reserve cathodes) play a vital role in pulsed lasers, especially gas discharge-excited pulsed lasers, and are mainly used as high-performance cathodes. Its application core lies in providing an efficient, stable and long-life electron emission source to support the high current and high repetition frequency pulse discharge required by the laser.

Low-temperature plasma refers to plasma generated at relatively low temperatures (usually room temperature to several hundred degrees Celsius). It has attracted much attention due to its unique advantages in materials science, biomedicine, environmental science and aerospace technology.

The application of barium tungsten electrode in high-frequency plasma benefits from its unique material properties: tungsten provides stability and heat resistance, and barium reduces the work function to improve the electron emission ability. This electrode is an efficient electron emission source in high-frequency plasma systems, which can help generate and maintain stable plasma and is widely used in material processing, surface treatment and plasma chemistry.

The realization of the machining accuracy of barium tungsten electrodes requires comprehensive control of multiple influencing factors such as material properties, machining parameters, environmental conditions, operating skills and quality inspection.