The application of tungsten - iron and steel industry

In iron and steel industry, tungsten mainly joins as Ferrotungsten form. These processes put tungsten concentrates, scrap iron and other things together in an electric arc furnace, and get ferrotungsten after reduction smelting, and then join ferrotungsten into steelmaking process. In some cases, Tungsten powder can also be processed into tungsten bar, added in the form of tungsten bar in the steelmaking process. Recent successful studies of scheelite direct steelmaking processes, add scheelite directly in the steelmaking process, then use ferro-silicon or carbon as reducing agent, tungsten is reduced into the steel.he tungsten adds into steel enables the steel grain refinement, to improve its high-temperature hardness, wear resistance and impact strength.

Tungsten steel is mainly used for cutting steel and die steel, and its application in high-speed cutting steel is more than a century of history. The widely used high-speed steel contains 9% to 24% of tungsten, 3.8% to 4.6% of chromium, 1% to 5% of vanadium, 4% to 7% of cobalt and 0.7% to 1.5% of carbon. The characteristics of high-speed steel is high reinforcing tempering temperature (700 to 800℃), it can automatically quenching and secondary hardening in the air, so it can maintain a high hardness and wear resistance up to 600 ~ 650 ℃. In the alloy tool steel group, tungsten steel containing 0.8% to 1.2% tungsten; chromium tungsten silicon steel containing from 2% to 2.7% tungsten; containing 2% to 9% of the tungsten in the chromium-tungsten steel; chromium tungsten manganese steel containing 0.5% ~ 1.6% tungsten. Tungsten steel is used to manufacture a variety of tools, such as drills, mills, wire drawing dies, female mold and male mold, pneumatic tools parts and so on. Tungsten magnets is a permanent magnet steel containing 5.2% to 6.2% tungsten, 0.68% to 0.78% carbon, and 0.3% to 0.5% chromium; tungsten-cobalt magnets is a hard magnetic material containing 11.5% to 14.5% tungsten, 5.5% to 6.5 % of molybdenum, 11.5% to 12.5% of the cobalt, they have high magnetization and the coercive force, they are of important magnetic materials.

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