Tungsten Carbide High Wear Resistance Composite Steel Plate Preparation by Hot Furnace Method

In the field of industrial production, metal wear is one of the main causes of failure of mechanical parts, such as material conveying systems in metallurgy, coal, power, waterway dredging and other industries, parts wear very seriously. Wear not only causes great loss of materials, but also causes the shutdown of production and affects the normal operation of production line. Therefore, the research and development of high wear resistant materials has been paid attention by material workers.

In view of the shortcomings of traditional wear-resistant materials, wear-resistant composite steel plates have been developed. This kind of wear-resistant composite steel plate is made by surfacing welding technology. The wear-resistant alloy layer mostly uses high carbon ferrochromium and tungsten carbide coating. With the increasingly harsh working conditions of mechanical parts, higher requirements are put forward for the quantity and quality of wear-resistant composite steel plate. The development of production technology of low cost, large quantities and special specifications of high wear-resistant composite plate becomes more urgent. Recently, some scholars have abandoned the traditional surfacing mode and adopted a new method to prepare tungsten carbide composite plates with high wear resistance by heating furnace. The process is as follows:

(1)Q235 low carbon steel plate is selected as the base plate. The size of the base plate is 1m *2m and the thickness is 8m M. The common shot peening method is used to remove the oil and rust on the surface of the substrate.

(2)Place the cleaned substrate horizontally and face up. The film remover was evenly dispersed on the surface of the cleaned substrate. The thickness of the film remover was 0.2 mm. The composition of the film remover (mass percentage) was 25% borax and 75% boric acid.

(3) Alloy powder was evenly dispersed on the surface of the film remover. The particle size of the alloy powder was 40 mesh to +300 mesh, the thickness of the alloy powder was 5 mm, and the composition (mass percentage) of the alloy powder was 3.6% ℃, 30% Cr, 2.1% B, 1.8% Si, 3.0% Mo and 4.0% Ni. The remaining impurities were Fe and did not affect the properties of the alloy powder.

(4)Tungsten carbide powder with a mass of 30% is evenly dispersed on the surface of alloy powder. The particle size of tungsten carbide powder is between 40 mesh and +300 mesh.

(5)On the surface of tungsten carbide powder, slagging agent is evenly dispersed. The particle size of slagging agent powder is 50mesh, the thickness of slagging agent powder is 1.2mm, the composition of slagging agent (mass percentage) is 40% CaF₂, 30% CaO, and the remainder is SiO₂ and impurities that do not affect its performance.

(6)Push the board dispersed with film-coating agent, alloy powder, tungsten carbide powder and slag-making agent powder into the heating furnace horizontally and keep it horizontally. Put six pieces at a time through the frame set up in the furnace. The alloy powder is heated directly in air from the melting point temperature lower than step (3), so that the temperature in the furnace reaches 1280 ℃, holding for 10 minutes, then lowering the temperature to 1180 ℃. After holding for 3 hours, the reinforced tungsten carbide wear-resistant composite plate product is obtained.

The new process can produce wear-resistant composite plate with small thickness of substrate and large thickness of tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer, which improves the utilization ratio of materials. It overcomes the disadvantage of surfacing welding process that the substrate is thin and easy to burn through, and can not produce the thin wear-resistant plate of the substrate. The application of wear-resistant composite plate with thin substrate can significantly reduce the weight of equipment, reduce the investment of leveling equipment, simplify the production process and save production costs.

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