Recently, as a standardized discharge behavior of rare earth production enterprises , the ministry issued " rare earth smelting industry pollution prevention feasible Technical Guide " ( hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines " ) , and public comment.

Rapid growth in production of rare earth products bring economic benefits , but also poses a serious environmental pollution . Investment Advisor in the metallurgical industry researcher Weiqi Ning In an interview with China Economic Herald reporter said, " If the rare earth mining improperly, may cause damage to vegetation , soil erosion and other ecological problems , refining and processing will result in improper air pollution , water pollution, solid waste pollution , adverse impact on the local residents . Pollution processing capacity is obviously insufficient domestic rare earth enterprises , waste-water treatment chaos row, everywhere piled common occurrences , especially SMEs rare earth pollution shelved, serious damage to the local environment. "

Experts believe that to solve the problem of pollution to the environment of rare earth products , the government should learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries , in strict accordance with relevant laws , act within the law .

At present, many of our extensive development

" Guide " preparation instructions , in recent years , with the rapid economic growth, China's rare earth smelting industry has entered a stage of rapid development . Our existing businesses up to hundreds of rare earth smelting of rare earth minerals production from 73,000 tons in 2000 , increased to 129,400 tons in 2009 , nearly doubled , about 95 % of the world . At present, China has become the world 's largest rare earth producer.

The presence of ammonia wastewater , rare earth fluoride wastewater emissions during production . At the same time , will produce fluorine and sulfur oxide emissions. The " Guide " preparation instructions , said: " In all kinds of rare earth metals and alloys calculated annual 30,000 tons , 1,200 tons of rare earth fluoride electrolysis gas emissions each year , some companies still exist problems can not be discharged directly or simple treatment discharge standards . "

In addition, the problem of secondary pollution emissions and radioactive waste can not be ignored . " Guide " prepared notes , wrote: " Some enterprises in Baotou permanent radiation into the flooding slag slag library stockpiling , some companies will waste water directly into Steel dam, flooding some companies to slag water into the gutters and drain into the ground to the Yellow River. Gansu Rare Earth along with the flooding of wastewater discharged into the slag and tailings dam owned , some companies put any radioactive waste storage, without any protective measures for surface water bodies and the surrounding environment , resulting in different levels of radioactive contamination. "

Deputy secretary general of China Rare Earth Society Chen Zhanheng in an interview with China Economic Herald reporter, said , " For the development of rare earth in the management of major damage to the environment . Many rare earth resources are concentrated in older, less edge, poor and western regions , where people who want to get rich , and I want to seek a better life , they want to pass the resources to change their lives . However, due to their geological data , geological conditions in the case was not yet complete blind development , the structure of the entire ore body is not enough to understand , so a is one of the most primitive, the largest of the extensive environmental damage development . "

RE levy environmental taxes, local governance to ease cost pressures

For the rare earth development environment face such serious problems, develop and implement a variety of measures, is particularly important.

In this regard, the Institute think tank CCID He Rong Liang proposed financial experts , first of all, should be established corporate environmental certification standards system. Learning from the EU "green barriers" Chinese enterprises have been repeatedly rebuffed policy , the proposed provisions of China's rare earth production enterprises , the establishment of environmental remediation , mining , manufacturing and other internal control systems environment .

Secondly , the introduction of rare earth environmental taxes, local governance to ease cost pressures . Accelerating the introduction of environmental taxes , as suggested by the central and local share according to a fixed proportion , and highlight environmental governance responsibility of local government. In addition, rare earth pollution arranged by the central government special funds for environmental governance , according to the scale of producing rare earth mining and smelting , investment demand for pollution control , governance and progress , fund allocation. "Environmental protection departments to tighten the traditional industry is the trend of environmental policy , industry standards will help alleviate pollution problems , industry concentration is low , extensive development , pollution and other issues will gradually be governed. When the mining process standards should smelting process , transportation , refining and other aspects of the sales process , the technical parameters required standards of strict , detailed oriented , in order to implement the smooth progress. "Weiqi Ning said in an interview with China Economic Herald reporter .

Tighter environmental standards for the healthy development of the industry , sustainable development of great significance , and the enterprises will also be a huge impact , Weiqi Ning believes that " SMEs because of environmental equipment, environmental technology is not up to suffer punishment , forced to withdraw from the inevitable , while large leading enterprises in the rare earth industry 's influence will gradually improve , industry concentration will also enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises will be greatly enhanced. "

Learn from foreign experience in governance according to law

" Guide " is being prepared to fully draw on the successful experience of developed countries, pollution prevention management system , combined with the actual situation of China's rare earth industry , China's rare earth smelting industry for pollution prevention guiding role . As long as the strict implementation of the " Guide " , will ensure that the rare earth producers emissions standards and clean production standards.

In this regard,Chen Zhanheng In an interview with China Economic Herald reporter interviewed stressed that "we should learn from the experience was the most according to the law . Government regulatory agencies as the law should be strictly in accordance with law enforcement , the real responsibility . "

" overall foreign policy of the rare earth industry to ' harsh ' known, mining scale , the scale has already made ​​great use restrictions , they will be sealed up the domestic rare earth resources to meet the needs of its domestic industry by importing large quantities of cheap rare earths. And on the rare earth corporate environmental capacity requirements are very high , very clear on the details , huge punishment to force companies not illegal operations, so that the rare earth industry to stable development of China's rare earth industry at the time of the issue of governance can learn from its ' torture Junfa 'concept . "Weiqi Ning said in an interview with China Economic Herald reporters.


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