Tungsten is an extremely hard element with one of the highest known melting temperatures. Tungsten and tungsten alloys are used to produce TIG welding rods because they carry electrical current to an arch without melting. Therefore, these rods are used to weld very hard steel alloys. Before welding with a tungsten rod, the end of the rod must be shaped. Although grinding the rod is not difficult, there is a specific method that a welder should follow. In addition, specific machinery and attachments are required in order to avoid contaminating the rod.

Instructions

1
Start the grinder. Hold the tungsten welding rod -- electrode -- parallel to the rotation of the wheel. If you hold the electrode perpendicular to the direction of the wheel's rotation, the wheel may striate the electrode. This can cause the rod to wander off line as you weld.

2
Place the end of the weld on the grinder. Rotate the rod in your hand as the wheel grinds the end into a tip. The tip should taper back from the end of the rod a distance equal to 2-1/2 times the diameter of the rod. For example, taper a 1/2-inch rod 1-1/4 inch back from the tip.

3
Taper a tip for low to medium current levels. Truncate the tip for high levels. Truncate a tip by rounding off the end. This prevents the end of the tip from melting or breaking off into the weld at high current levels.

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The mainly application of tungsten is in the Tungsten carbide alloy field. More than about 50% of the tungsten is used for the manufacture of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide. Tungsten carbide alloy has a number of excellent properties, mainly: a high hardness and wear resistance, particularly the high-temperature hardness, the hardness of Tungsten carbide alloy at 600℃ exceeds the high-speed steel at room temperature, the hardness of Tungsten carbide alloy at 1000℃ exceeds the carbon steel at room temperature; high elastic modulus, usually (40 to 70) × 104MPa. Thus Tungsten carbide alloy at room temperature has good rigidity, no significant plastic deformation; high compressive strength; small expansion coefficient, but its thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity similar to the iron and its alloys; chemical stability, acid-resistant alkali-resistant, at 600 ~ 800℃ has no significant oxidation; and good thermal stability. As a result of the above series of excellent performance, Tungsten carbide alloy occupy an important position in modern tools and materials, wear-resistant materials, high temperature and corrosion-resistant materials, in particular, showed great superiority in the machining industry. Compared with alloy steel tools, the main advantages of Tungsten carbide alloy are as follows’:

(1) Metal cutting speed can increase the number of times, greatly improving the productivity of labor;

(2) Manufactures size accuracy is improved; the surface roughness is reduced;

(3) The machinable of materials which are difficult to process with high-speed steel, such as heat-resistant alloys, titanium alloy, special hard cast iron and so on.

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In Tungsten carbide alloy areas, the tungsten mainly applies on the form of WC. The main method of production of WC is the carbonization of metal tungsten powder, so the quality of the metal tungsten powder has a larger impact on the quality of Tungsten carbide alloy products. Quality Tungsten carbide alloy should first be prepared to comply with certain requirements of the tungsten powder.

The request of Tungsten carbide alloy field for raw materials tungsten powders are mainly chemical purity, physical properties and process performance. Physical properties including particle size, grain shape, particle size distribution and particle aggregation state, these tend to be different due to specific users different; process performance including mobile, pressing and sintering performance,  therefore in the metallurgical process, certain measures should be taken to improve the performance of the tungsten powder.

In iron and steel industry, tungsten mainly joins as Ferrotungsten form. These processes put tungsten concentrates, scrap iron and other things together in an electric arc furnace, and get ferrotungsten after reduction smelting, and then join ferrotungsten into steelmaking process. In some cases, Tungsten powder can also be processed into tungsten bar, added in the form of tungsten bar in the steelmaking process. Recent successful studies of scheelite direct steelmaking processes, add scheelite directly in the steelmaking process, then use ferro-silicon or carbon as reducing agent, tungsten is reduced into the steel.he tungsten adds into steel enables the steel grain refinement, to improve its high-temperature hardness, wear resistance and impact strength.

Tungsten steel is mainly used for cutting steel and die steel, and its application in high-speed cutting steel is more than a century of history. The widely used high-speed steel contains 9% to 24% of tungsten, 3.8% to 4.6% of chromium, 1% to 5% of vanadium, 4% to 7% of cobalt and 0.7% to 1.5% of carbon. The characteristics of high-speed steel is high reinforcing tempering temperature (700 to 800℃), it can automatically quenching and secondary hardening in the air, so it can maintain a high hardness and wear resistance up to 600 ~ 650 ℃. In the alloy tool steel group, tungsten steel containing 0.8% to 1.2% tungsten; chromium tungsten silicon steel containing from 2% to 2.7% tungsten; containing 2% to 9% of the tungsten in the chromium-tungsten steel; chromium tungsten manganese steel containing 0.5% ~ 1.6% tungsten. Tungsten steel is used to manufacture a variety of tools, such as drills, mills, wire drawing dies, female mold and male mold, pneumatic tools parts and so on. Tungsten magnets is a permanent magnet steel containing 5.2% to 6.2% tungsten, 0.68% to 0.78% carbon, and 0.3% to 0.5% chromium; tungsten-cobalt magnets is a hard magnetic material containing 11.5% to 14.5% tungsten, 5.5% to 6.5 % of molybdenum, 11.5% to 12.5% of the cobalt, they have high magnetization and the coercive force, they are of important magnetic materials.

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