A tungsten rhenium thermocouples overview

Tungsten- rhenium thermocouples is high temperature thermocouples. It has the potential of a linear relationship between temperature , thermal stability , reliable, cheap, etc. . And display instrument for direct measurement of liquids , steam and gases such as temperature. It can partially substitute platinum-rhodium thermocouple as high metallurgical industry , high-temperature electronic thermoelectric systems and space vehicle structural engineering , ultra-high temperature nuclear reactors measurement tools .
Tungsten- rhenium thermocouples for temperature dependence of thermopower meet ZBN05003-88 indexing table , equivalent ASTME696-84 standards. In a vacuum , reducing , inert atmosphere , at 0 ~ 2300 ℃ range. The use of special protective tube tungsten rhenium even can at 1600 ℃ under oxidizing atmosphere, long-term use , its price is lower than the platinum- rhodium thermocouple .

Second, tungsten rhenium thermocouple temperature tolerance tungsten rhenium thermocouples

Temperature 1300 ~ 1700 ℃ Tolerance 0.5% | t |
0 ~ 2300 ℃ Tolerance 1% | t |

Third, temperature insulation resistance : tungsten rhenium thermocouples in the ambient air temperature of 20 ± 15 ℃, relative humidity less than 85% , the heat between the electrode and the outer protection tube insulation resistance should be greater than 100MΩ.m.

Forth , tungsten rhenium 3/ 25 tungsten rhenium thermocouple protection tube outer

( 1 ) silicon carbide tube (Sic) at 1600 ℃ oxidizing atmosphere using the following
( 2 ) molybdenum disilicide tube (Mosi2) at 1600 ℃ under air and some corrosive atmospheres ( supply agreement )
( 3 ) molybdenum tube (Mo) at 2300 C in vacuum using the following ( supply agreement )
( 4 ) tantalum tube (Ta) at 2300C using the following vacuum ( supply agreement )

Fifth , tungsten rhenium thermocouple indexing are: tungsten rhenium 3 - 25 tungsten rhenium , tungsten, rhenium 5 - tungsten- rhenium 26.


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1 , the level of tungsten rhenium alloy products , specifications, use , temperature range, tolerance :

Level Specification (φmm) Operating temperature range (℃) ; The tolerance
Special 0.1 1400-1800 ≤ ± 0.128% t
Ⅰ 0.1; 0.5 ; 1200-1800 ≤ ± ; 0.25% t
Ⅱ 0.1; 0.5 ; 1200-1800 ≤ ± 0.50 % t

2 , the use of tungsten- rhenium alloy products : tungsten added 3 %, 5 %, 25 % and 26% of rhenium, tungsten rhenium alloy formation . Tungsten- rhenium alloy has good electrical properties and ductility and workability , can be used in high temperature thermocouple wire and the cathode wire.

3 , tungsten rhenium alloy general description of products and precautions :

①. Was extremely tungsten rhenium 3 ; tungsten- rhenium 5 . Extremely negative tungsten rhenium 25 ; tungsten- rhenium 26.

②. Temperature point : the cold end is 0 ℃, the hot side temperature 100,1000,1200,1400,1600,2000 ℃; φ0.1mm wire with 1554 ℃ palladium wire point calibration, in the form of pure platinum wire test 1769 ℃ Calibration .

③. Uniformity: Even when the wire unipolar head and tail at 1200 ℃ uneven potential ≤ ± 40 microvolts.

④. Flexibility: thermocouple wire annealing stabilized after six laps wound itself can not break.


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Standardization of tungsten rhenium thermocouples are tungsten rhenium 3 - tungsten- rhenium 25 (D -type ) and tungsten rhenium 5 - tungsten rhenium 26 (C -type ) of two types, corresponding indexing are: tungsten rhenium 3 - tungsten and tungsten- rhenium 25 rhenium 5 - tungsten rhenium 26.

Tungsten- rhenium thermocouple wire quality performance standards described :

1 , Delivery specifications for diameter 0.1 ~ 0.5mm, diameter tolerance of ± 0.01mm;

2 , Even silk smooth surface, no oxidation, no bending, no glitches, mezzanine and splitting , allowing a small scratches , dents and a few spots ;

3 , According to the provisions sampling sampling test, the positive wire ( low rhenium ) and negative wire ( high rhenium ) at 1200 ℃ uneven thermal emf when no more than 80 microvolts (t0 = 0 ℃, namesake electrode method );

4 , At 20 ~ 30 ℃ ambient temperature , thermocouple wire diameter 5 times its own diameter shaft 5 laps wound surface without cracks, dual wire bent without breaking ;

5 , The temperature thermoelectric properties verification point : 100 ℃ (± 1 ℃), 1000 ℃ (± 10 ℃), 1200 ℃ (± 10 ℃), 1400 ℃ (± 10 ℃), 1600 ℃ (± 10 ℃), 2000 ℃ (± 10 ℃), or in consultation with users selected test temperature points ;

6 , Each batch furnaces have passed the type test .


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Tungsten- rhenium thermocouples is 1931 by goedecke ( Ge virtues g ) first developed out at 60 to 70 years to develop the most successful refractory metal thermocouples. Tungsten- rhenium thermocouple is characterized by: a high melting point hot wire (3300 ℃), vapor pressure, easily oxidized ; in a non- oxidizing atmosphere, good chemical stability. Emf , high sensitivity , the most important is cheap.

1 , tungsten rhenium thermocouples classification . Included in the national standards of tungsten rhenium thermocouples , there are two :

a, tungsten rhenium 5 - 26 tungsten rhenium , its positive nominal composition of 95% tungsten , 5% rhenium , tungsten cathode a nominal composition of 74% , 26% rhenium . Indexing number of wre5-wre26, abbreviated : w-re5/26.

b, 3 tungsten rhenium - tungsten rhenium 25 , its positive nominal composition of 97% tungsten , 3% rhenium , tungsten anode nominal composition of 75% , 25% rhenium . Indexing number of wre3-wre25, abbreviated : w-re3/25.

2 , the use of tungsten- rhenium thermocouples . Current measuring a temperature above 1600 ℃ , the use of non- contact method , however, the method of error is large , such as the contact law can accurately measure the real temperature . In the high-temperature thermocouples , precious metal thermocouples are expensive and the maximum temperature only in 1800 ℃ below, while tungsten rhenium thermocouple temperature limit is not only high, but good stability, therefore , tungsten rhenium thermocouples in metallurgy , building materials, aerospace , aviation and nuclear industries have been widely used . Rich resources of tungsten , tungsten- rhenium thermocouples cheap, can be partially substituted precious metal thermocouples , it is the high-temperature test promising field of temperature materials .

3, the use of temperature . Its maximum temperature can reach 2800 ℃, however , higher than 2300 ℃ , the data is scattered. Therefore , the use of temperature, preferably at about 2000 ℃ .

4 , the use of atmosphere. Easily oxidized tungsten- rhenium thermocouples , suitable for hydrogen in an inert or dry use , or dense protective tube isolated in order to use it with oxygen . Carbon-containing atmosphere can not be used ( as in the use of hydrocarbon-containing atmosphere , the temperature exceeds 1000 ℃ i.e. by corrosion) . Tungsten or tungsten- rhenium in a carbonaceous atmosphere is easy to form a stable carbide , that reduce the sensitivity and cause brittle fracture, in the case of the presence of hydrogen , is accelerated carbonation .

5 , tungsten rhenium thermocouples antioxidant . The issue has been a subject of concern to scholars at home and abroad , and is committed to study and solve . Our company adopts the international advanced making process , successfully developed a high temperature and pressure assembly type thermocouple w-re , the product temperature range of 0 ~ 1800 ℃, widely used in metallurgy , coking , chemical furnace , heat treatment, glass and other industries, it has a high accuracy , low price , stable performance, the work atmosphere free from restrictions , etc., instead of platinum and rhodium thermocouple is the ideal product. I produced the w-re thermocouple in Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Works , Zigong Cemented Carbide factory and Shenyang Tech and other units, widely used, the performance reached the level of similar foreign products . Its technical indicators are as follows :

1 , sub-degree No. : w-re3/25, w-re5/26
2 , temperature range : 0 ~ 1800 ℃
3 , temperature measurement accuracy : <± 1% t; <± 0.5% t
4 , the time constant : ≥ 180 s
5 , insulation resistance :> 5mω
6 , Size : 300,500,750,1000,1100 (mm)

Tungsten- rhenium thermocouple temperature measurement of molten steel is designed for rapid measurement of molten steel , iron and other metals melt temperature was designed and manufactured , it has a volume of some  fast response , high accuracy and low price . Its technical indicators are as follows :

1, the maximum temperature temperature : 1800 ℃ .2, temperature measurement accuracy : ≤ 0.5% t.3, Insulation resistance : ≥ 30 mω.4, measuring the success rate : ≥ 98% .5, Response time: < ; 5 s.


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