Since X-ray is just a form of ionizing radiation, when the atoms were irradiated with the ordinary light, it does not have a significant impact on the atoms. But when the atoms were irradiated with X-ray photon, it causes the electrons detached from the atoms and form a plasma and a charged particle. The free electrons then collide with other atoms, it creates more ions, the charge from these ions will destroy the DNA chains of cells, leading to cell mutation or cell death.

 

In the past, many doctors had no conscious to be exposed themselves and their patients to X-rays for a long time, and leading them to suffer from the radiation sickness. Hereafter, the medical community began to recognize this error gradually, and have taken many relative measures to shield the unwanted radiation.

 

The early shielding, wrapped around the X-ray machine is mainly lead, the shielding effectiveness of lead can’t be denied, but its toxic properties, limited its applications afterwards. With the development of other resources, tungsten, which density is higher than lead and has non-toxic environmental protection properties, as a new material naturally replaced the lead and became the suitable material for shielding producing. The shielding made of tungsten alloy has a high melting point, high temperature, which can resist a large heat generated by X-rays in its generating process. In addition to being used for shielding the radiation of X-ray machines , tungsten alloy shielding can also well reduce the X-ray, which is to prevent it emitted from all directions of the machine, so that the X-rays can only go along with a particular direction, and go through the filtration device then after projected onto the patient. Most importantly, tungsten alloy has a very strong radiation absorption capacity, therefore the tungsten alloy materials are the most suitable for producing X-ray machines shielding. The X-ray machine filtration device can also be made of tungsten alloy material with considered and suitable thickness. It can not only absorb the strong radiation but also diagnose the patient's condition without influences.