Reduction of Ammonium Paratungstate Generated during Hydrometallurgical Processing of Tungsten-Copper Borings

Reduction of Ammonium Paratungstate Generated during Hydrometallurgical Processing of Tungsten-Copper Borings

Ammonium paratungstate (or APT) is a white crystalline salt of ammonium and tungsten, with the chemical formula (NH4)10(H2W12O42)·4H2O.
 
Ammonium paratungstate is produced by separating tungsten from its ore. Once the ammonium paratungstate is prepared, it is heated to its decomposition temperature, 600 °C. Left over is WO3, tungsten(VI) oxide. From there, the oxide is heated in an atmosphere of hydrogen, reducing the tungsten to elemental powder, leaving behind water vapor. From there, the tungsten powder can be fused into any number of things, from wire to bars to other shapes.


Tungsten-copper (W-Cu) alloy is employed for manufacturing heavy duty contactors, relays,switches etc. During production of such components, W-Cu turnings/borings are generated. At CSIR-NML, a process for recovering tungsten and copper from tungsten-copper borings containing 46.01% W, 53.78% Cu, 0.13% Fe and other minor metals as high purity tungsten powder and copper powder has been developed. In the present work, a detailed investigation on reduction of ammonium paratungstate (APT) having purity 99.95% by hydrogen gas to produce high purity tungsten powder is presented. The various process parameters such as temperature, time and flow rate of hydrogen gas have been optimized. At the temperature of 800°C and 0.1 l pm flow rate a reduction of 77.78% was observed up to 2h time. At 900°C, with increase in flow rate from 0.1 l pm to 0.3lpm the increase in reduction was found to be from 63.88% to 99.99% at 1h time.At still high temperature of 1000°C, almost complete reduction was obtained at 0.1 l pm flow rate in 1h time. The effect of bed-depth was also carried out. At all temperatures chemical reaction was the rate determining step.

APT

 

 

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