Following Korea discovered a huge burst of rare earth resources , the Japanese submarine in the Pacific recently found a large number of rare earth resources. Rare earth resources in the international market increasingly valuable today, South Korea, Japan have burst out, " newly discovered " message will be how it affects the international markets ? In this regard , the reporter interviewed the Voice of China observer, Wang Jian .

Reporter : tell us about South Korea and Japan have found rare earth mine in the end how much size ?

Wang Jian : This time, in fact, South Korea and Japan, in fact, rare earth ore discovered resources are great. June 29 , South Korean media reported that the country found a roughly 147,000 tons of rare earth mines , South Korea with about 30 million tons a year , from this point of view can be used about 50 years figure - If the annual use number remains unchanged . The situation in Japan is very similar , Japan is also a large rare earth mine, the amount of Japanese international use of rare earth in the first row . Japan's domestic production of rare earth , so a number of research institutions , University of Tokyo , Japan on the investigation of the Pacific seabed about 80 sites about the number of rare earth minerals , and finally displayed in the southeast Pacific , including the Hawaiian Islands 3500-6000 meters deep in some areas there is a lot of this place rare earth , recoverable amount is about 800 times the land of rare earth reserves . The researchers made ​​an analysis, two kilometers square rare earth mud stasis , content consumption is equivalent to one or two years in Japan , it is a big a bonanza . This is the world's first confirmed in the seabed has a large number of rare earth resources exploitation value .

Reporter : This time South Korea from Japan , and they found that for the international market this big international rare earth market will have any impact?

Wang Jian : We all know that earth is a strategic resource . Chinese rare earth production capacity more than 95% of global production , and China is now reduced production of rare earth news Japan have also been critical of - of course, we are also in order to protect the environment, because a large number of rare earth mining destroyed landscape environment . But this time there are a few situations we must look : First , marine exploitation of rare earth resources, although discovered in the seabed , but no precedent , such a large deposit was discovered to have mined to be used do not know how many years . Second, the development of rare earth almost all high seas waters there , how the resources of the high seas with this have not said how . Third, the development of seafloor mud stasis on the marine resources of the seabed damage to the environment is great, if you do not solve the problem of mining will not be rashly . See these points , we understand that this is actually very large mineral deposits is a good thing for humans , but for Japan and South Korea in terms of only one effect: in the rare earth pricing negotiations so that they have a little more or less right to speak , nothing more .


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According to the monitoring , the recent rare earth prices fell slightly , which is currently the mainstream market price of neodymium oxide 340,000-350,000 yuan / ton, down 5,000 yuan / ton ; dysprosium mainstream price hovering at 1,900-2,100 yuan / kg, and last down 50 yuan / ton. Other rare earth prices are not very good at this week's performance , turnover also relatively light . For October more depressed price of rare earth market , many traders wondering Rare earth prices can usher in the fourth quarter rebound, rare earth market could pick up signs in the winter .

I believe that in the fourth quarter will have four factors determine rare earth prices.

Factor 1 : Ministry of Industry and other ministries jointly against illegal , illegal production of rare earth acts launched a three -month rectification action . In early August the Ministry of Industry on the rare earth industry to be completely overhauled , beginning from August 15 to November 15 to . The rare earth industry consolidation was to become the longest history of rectification. Although rectification action has been the past two months , but the first two months of rare earth prices did not appear significant rally, rally only intermittently , but the turnover is still light . However, consolidation is expected in November after the publication of the results , for the rare earth market have a greater good, rare earth prices will rally is still very possible .

Two factors : Rare purchasing and storage may be before the end of October or cashed . This year the government level rare earth Shouchu news has yet to launch in the first half only Baotou Steel Rare Earth in order to stabilize market prices, through the corporate purchasing and storage in the form of purchasing and storage of small amounts of rare earths. The recent government level Shouchu continue to spread the message , and purchasing and storage amount may be as high as ten billion yuan . This message can be said, whether for large or small rare earth rare earth enterprises traders who are looking forward to an exciting and special . Then start purchasing and storage of rare earth , rare earth shot traders will wait for a higher price , then the price will be a rare rally . According to the Society of Rare Earths experts, purchasing and storage of rare earth fastest possible implementation of this month , the news has not been officially confirmed , but relatively optimistic about the Baotou Rare Earth , Minmetals Rare Earth , the color of shares and Ganzhou Rare Earth Group and other companies have also expressed Shouchu not received notification .

Three factors : the integration program will be introduced by the end of rare earth . Su Bo , vice minister of the Ministry to participate in the Davos Forum in Dalian had revealed that the domestic rare earth industry consolidation is rapidly advancing , is expected before the end of a large group of rare earth integration scheme will be introduced , the rare earth in spring 2014 at the earliest integration carried out . Rare large group promoting China's rare earth industry consolidation is healthy and stable development of the important part is the most difficult part. Integrate opinions from last May has been proposed , progress has been slow , but WTO on China's rare earth export policy litigation ruling at the end will be the results, in order to safeguard China's rare earth industry's healthy development and strategic resource interests , the Ministry is stepping up its launch specific programs , coordination good local businesses and the central rate of interest. Rare large group programs and the introduction of integrated solutions , it will accelerate the construction of China's rare earth industry standards development and healthy development plays an important role . On the adjustment of supply and demand of rare earth market is also important for the long run positive effect of rare earth prices is relatively large.

Four factors : Europe Day for Chinese rare earth export policy decisions will be by the end of the WTO litigation results . Domestic rare earth industry experts generally believe that our winning percentage is very small in the proceedings , if the lawsuit fails, our country's rare earth export quota policy and the tax rate will be modified or even canceled , which for the development of China's rare earth industry is extremely unfavorable . To deal with this situation, the Government is actively promoting China's rare earth industry standard operation , I believe that was the end of the recent addition to the Ministry of Industry to accelerate the integration of rare earth industry , will also introduce other relevant norms and promoting policies . This long-term development of the market for rare earths is also beneficial .

However, rare earth prices continued to decline and the resulting downturn reasons or lack of demand , overcapacity and other rare earth market . Short-term oversupply of rare earth market is difficult to change , but it is difficult to balance the number of purchasing and storage of this pattern, so the short-term price trend is still rare earth policy level messages about the long term development of rare earth industry or regulate , control and supply of rare earth production capacity , thereby ensuring the rare earth prices at a reasonable location, maintenance companies and the national interest.


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Rare is the advantage of strategic mineral resources in national defense security and economic development play an irreplaceable role . Global rare earth rich in resources, but the distribution is uneven , mainly in China , Russia , the United States and other countries. China is now the largest producer and exporter , forming a Chinese -led international supply of rare earth pattern.

However, over the years, resulting in a waste of resources disorderly exploitation and environmental pollution, based on this , the Ministry of Industry and Information portions of rare earth mining and production management, and total control of the implementation of mandatory production plan management ; On the export side , the Commerce Department also implemented export quotas, export taxes and other control policy. Meanwhile, the earth as a non-renewable resources, with exhaustible , with the deepening of exploitation , showing growth of its production peak and decline of the life cycle , according to the Generalized Weng model for rare earth production peak and forecast future trends ( "the world rare earth production , trade and supply and demand trends of " Task Force , 2013 ) , China's rare earth production gradually usher in peak production , mixed with fluorocarbon rare Earth production has peaked , the future will show a downward trend in the global supply of rare earth supply will be converted to supply the domestic-based ; ionic rare earth production is expected to peak in 2021 , before this, will continue to supply domestic and foreign .

Mixed rare earth ore and Bastnaesite will mainly supply the domestic rare earth mine

Mixed rare earth minerals including fluorocarbon containing cerium and light rare earth mixed monazite ore . China Inner Mongolia Bayan Obo mine is the largest mixed rare earth ore . Bastnaesite rare earth ore are mainly distributed in Sichuan, Shandong and other places. Since 2001, Shandong stopped Bastnaesite production , recent Bastnaesite production is mainly dependent on Sichuan . As LREE mainly used in batteries , catalysts, magnets and other fields, as automobile production and consumption in Japan , the United States , is the major importer of light rare earths . The amount of mixed rare earth minerals from the 1990s to 2007, showing an overall growth trend, and after 2007 are subject to policy and market impact is gradually decreased .

Bastnaesite volume and mixed mineral ore general trend is similar, but in 2006, countries began to eliminate Luancai rare earth mine in Sichuan Bastnaesite a large consolidation , resulting in 2006 to 2009 there is volatility. Major foreign resources in the country such as the U.S. , Australia and other countries began to restart or start a new rare earth mining projects to meet the development needs of national defense and industrial . The most typical is the United States MountainPass mine . United States in the 1940s to the mid-1980s through the supply of a large number of rare earth ore to MountainPass rest of the world . However, in the 1990s , China's rare earth production increased significantly , and by low prices in the international market for rare earths occupy an important position . American MountainPass Mining in 2002 to stop mining . 2008 , MolycorpInc. Purchased MountainPass, since 2012 since the end of the mine has been producing at full capacity , after 2015 the annual output will reach 40,000 tons . Other light rare earth mining project also includes the United States BearLodge, BokanMountain rare earth ore , Australia MountWeld rare earth ore and so on. These rare earth mining project start will gradually weaken the light rare earths in the international market, China 's leading role in the future of China's light rare earth supply will be mainly used to meet domestic demand. As foreign demand on China to gradually reduce the light rare earths , 2020, hybrid, and fluorocarbon cerium rare earth mine production will drop to 42,000 tons , respectively , and 1.7 million tons.

Ionic rare earth mine in the short term will continue to supply domestic

If ionic heavy rare earth mine , its economic value is the rare earth resources in the highest. The world's largest rare earth mine in China ionic southern Jiangxi and Guangdong, Jiangxi , Hunan and Fujian and other areas , mainly grown in southern Jiangxi Xunwu and dragons . South China ionic species and distribution of rare earth resources in the form are unmatched by other countries , which also led to the foreign supply of heavy rare earth completely dependent on China 's situation. Mainly used in heavy rare earth luminescent materials , magnets , ceramic alloys and other fields. The amount of ionic rare earth minerals in 2000 showed a rapid development trend of the future , although the total amount subject to state control and mandatory production plan management policies, in 2006 and in 2007 reached a peak after showing some decline , but has now known foreign new Kai rare earth mine project , the future of international heavy rare earth supply will still be dependent on the country . New foreign Kai rare earth mine project , only the United States BokanMountain, Russia Tomtor, Australia DubboZirconia production of some heavy rare earth elements such as yttrium , but production are very small . Estimated amount of ionic rare earth minerals will peak in 2021 , the peak output will reach 50,000 tons .


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According to reports, the new rare earth mine development is gradually stop. Since 2010 to 2011 the price surge, Japan and other countries to reduce demand . The prices has led to the development of business and government willingness to cool. In addition, the slow recovery in demand also have a negative impact .

According to experts, in 2012 the global production of rare earth ( calculated as oxide ) was 118,900 tons , and in 2011 was essentially flat. Compared to recent record highs in 2010 decreased by 10 % or more, still in the start of the year after weak growth state. In addition to the implementation of China cut , the new mines outside of China plan was postponed. Toyota Tsusho plans to join hands to promote local businesses in eastern India, rare earth co-production business. Originally planned since 2012, use of the service provided annually 3,000 ~ 4,000 tons of rare earth , but is not yet fully available . The company also admitted that " delayed delivery is a foregone conclusion ." Development of rare earth thermal cooling , in large part because of reduced demand in Japan .


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