Rare earth permanent magnet motor applications in industrial vehicle industry

In just the last in 2013 , industrial vehicles once again usher in a good year , annual sales of 328,000 units, an increase of 14 percent compared to 2012 , surpassing the highest historical industrial vehicle sales in 2011 , a new high . Total sales in the world , China still occupies a quarter of the share market , continues to rank the world's largest sales market. With the domestic economy, electric forklift market is facing great opportunities and challenges. Competition in the market , more and more electric forklifts number of firms , the market is facing asymmetric supply and demand. Electric forklift industry will usher in the next major reshuffle , but in the field of electric forklift accessories market is still large room for development, the core parts electric forklift technology will become the core competitiveness.

Currently there is an international electric forklift production rising trend . AC motor , frequency control makes telehandlers qualitative leap . Voltage AC motors are increasing trends, the truck on the job less heat , more efficient, completely overcome the DC motor to generate more heat , inefficiency , frequent maintenance shortcomings. The birth of the permanent magnet motor , make up the AC motor and DC motor of all defects. As part of the motor electric forklift , forklift host plant currently use more DC and AC motors based. With the advent of double-effect permanent magnet motor , marking the motor industry towards a new level. Forklift Parts of innovation , but also to industrial vehicles has brought a revolutionary change.

Many well known that China is the largest producer of rare earth , rare earth resources, ranked first in the world, rare earth NdFeB magnetic field with excellent domestic high -quality NdFeB permanent magnets has been able to mass , center of the world of magnetic materials have been transfer to China , which provides favorable conditions for the development of rare earth permanent magnet motor industry .

Advantages range of rare earth permanent magnet motor and applicable :

Since the magnetic rare earth permanent magnet materials can be excellent , it is no longer needed after the magnetizing energy can create a strong external magnetic field of permanent , rare earth permanent magnet motors used to replace conventional electric motor excitation places made ​​not only efficient , but also simple structure , reliable operation, but also to achieve small size and light weight. Principle of rare earth permanent magnet motor compared with electrical excitation motor , has a simple structure , reliable operation ; small size, light weight ; small loss, high efficiency ; motor flexible and varied shapes and sizes and other significant advantages, which is extremely broad range of applications , almost across the various fields of aerospace , defense, industry, agriculture and daily life. In particular, the National Development and Reform Commission , "the opinions of ten key energy-saving projects " that read: To promote energy efficient rare-earth permanent magnet motor ; while promoting frequency control, permanent magnet motor speed control motor speed and other advanced technology to improve fans, pumps class motor system adjustment method , the phasing out of the gate , throttle valves and other mechanical way .

Rare earth permanent magnet motor works and classification :

Rare earth permanent magnet motors used in the automobile industry has matured in the application of industrial vehicles has not yet begun . Generally be divided into rare earth permanent magnet DC brush motors with rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor , the main difference is that the position of the permanent magnet is placed . Permanent magnet DC brush motor is not rotating permanent magnet placed on the stator and the rotor coil placement , and therefore subject to the brushes and commutator electric current is passed to the rotor. This structure is advantageous in the manner of mechanical contact at the time of the motor maximum torque output condition , the disadvantage is the carbon brush , and the wear of the rotor coil commutation between the heat radiating sheet and other factors is not easy to restrict the motor at high speed , large current conditions application .

Rare earth permanent magnet brushless permanent magnet motor will be placed on the rotor and the use of other sensing components to achieve similar brushes , commutator function , its advantages and brushless cooling easy to wear , so get rid of the high-speed and high-power restrictions. This text which will be focused on the rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor.

Advantages of rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor :

Rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor is a typical mechatronic institutions , the structure of AC motors ( simple ) , the performance of DC motor , its highest motor efficiency up to 95 % to 97 %, 15 % higher than the conventional DC confidential ~ 20% , due to the rare-earth motor efficient wide area , so use the forklift integrated mechanical and electrical efficiency than conventional DC motors up to about 40 % -50 % saving in operation can be about 40 % -50 % , the battery capacity can be reduced by more than 40% , to reduce the cost of the truck has great benefits. Shanghai Jinqiao industrial electric forklift company in electric pallet car tests showed : RE Motor Motor saving than the original 50.5% a year for the whole of China to save electricity to run $ 1.5 billion and $ 0.5 billion of forklift manufacturing costs.

Because of the weight , volume specific power than conventional DC motors up to 30 % to 50% , as compared with the same power of the motor , rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor both small and light , the experiment showed that the same power as long as half the size and institutions, including the double-effect . Motor rotor is a permanent magnet ( NdFeB ) , no electricity , no wires , no brushes ( commutator ) , no wear , so almost no maintenance . Because no winding rotor is not energized , the rotor can be made hollow , this space two-terminal design and layout can be arranged in a variety of clutch or intermediate differential, it is easy to get through the dual-function output differentials and drive axle ( see case diagram ) .

Compared with traditional electric forklift reduces a motor , a set of electronically controlled , battery volume decreased by 40 % -50 % , significantly reducing the volume , the overall layout is easy electric electric forklifts and other industrial vehicles . Reducing member , to save space.

Market outlook for rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor :

Chinese electric forklift annual 2012 to more than 80,000 units, a slight increase in 2013 , tour buses , elevated cars , cleaning cars comparable annual sales of about 150,000 units of the total market volume of about 40 global electric forklift million units , other industrial electric vehicles is about 30 million units , the total market is about 70 million units, domestic sales by each set of 20,000 yuan , the total amount of annual domestic market of 30 million yuan and exports by $ 6,000 dollars per set total of about $ 4.2 billion international market , according to 20 percent of total market share , domestic annual output value of about 600 million yuan , the annual export value of about $ 840 million .

Internal combustion forklifts, construction machinery subsidiary working bodies are entitled to use dual-function system, especially in the case of internal combustion power electric transmission when using internal combustion hybrid device that can greatly improve efficiency, reduce fuel consumption, the market potential in this area large enough to amazing , even several times to several times in the forklift battery . Permanent magnet material is the pillar industry of national economy, material , variety , widely used, especially in the motor areas , has a wide range of applications . With the rapid development of China's forklift industry in recent years , the quality of the forklift product innovation , and continue to comfort , energy saving, environmental protection , intelligent direction, the amount of high-end truck rare earth permanent magnet motor will also be a large area of ​​application , can foresee the future of rare earth permanent magnet motor huge market potential . Source: China Forklift Information Network


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